GET BETTER AT ANYTHING by Scott Young | Core Message
Summary
TLDR斯科特·扬在其著作《如何变得更擅长任何事情》中提出,通过观察、实践、获取反馈的三步学习循环,我们可以快速提升任何技能。首先,通过模仿和复制来学习技能;其次,通过提问来理解专家的思考过程;然后,通过完成练习来测试和巩固所学知识;最后,通过记录学习过程和利用大型模型获取微观反馈来优化学习效果。书中还包含了12条学习原则,旨在帮助学习者实现快速进步。
Takeaways
- 📚 学习任何技能都可以通过观察、实践、获取反馈的三步学习循环来实现。
- 👶 儿童通过观察、尝试、跌倒、获取指导的循环学习如何骑自行车,成年人可以利用这一循环来提高任何技能。
- 🎨 在学习新技能时,通过模仿专家来提高,例如通过手抄心仪作家的作品来提升写作技巧。
- 🗣️ 通过让专家在解决问题时边思考边解释,可以提取他们的思考过程,从而理解关键决策。
- 🤔 通过提问来理解专家的决策过程,比如为什么选择特定的逻辑函数。
- 💡 快速学习技能的基本规则可以更快地掌握该技能。
- 🏋️♂️ 通过完成练习来测试所学知识,并保持在适当的难度区间,以避免自我效能感降低或学习停滞。
- 📝 制作关键概念的闪卡,通过填空来测试自己,有助于构建自我效能感。
- 🔍 获取反馈时,不仅要关注结果,还要关注过程,以避免因误解而产生的挫败感。
- 📊 利用大型计算机模型获取即时反馈,比如在国际象棋中使用引擎模型来评估每一步。
- 📓 通过学习日志记录应用技能解决问题的过程,并寻求外部反馈来改进方法。
- 🚀 通过模仿、实践和获取可靠反馈,可以实现快速进步。
Q & A
什么是斯科特·扬提出的三步学习循环?
-斯科特·扬在《如何快速学习任何事物》中提出的三步学习循环包括:观察(See it)、实践(Do it)、获得反馈(Get good feedback)。这个循环强调了通过模仿、实践和接受反馈来提高技能。
为什么在模仿时需要精确复制而不是仅仅复制粘贴代码?
-精确复制代码可以让你更深入地理解编程者的思考过程,从而像熟练的实践者一样思考。这有助于你发现与自己不同的风格选择,并提出指导学习的问题。
如何通过提问来提取专家的思考过程?
-通过向专家提出问题,比如在遇到问题时他们会怎么做,可以让他们解释自己的决策过程。通过问“为什么”来理解关键决策,比如为什么选择某个逻辑函数。
为什么在实践新技能时要保持在困难的“甜蜜点”?
-保持在困难的“甜蜜点”可以避免因为过于困难而降低自我效能感,同时避免因为过于简单而无法触发大脑形成新的连接,从而促进技能的提高。
完成练习是如何帮助学习者建立自信的?
-完成练习是一种学习脚手架,它通过提供临时结构来帮助学习者逐步建立专业知识。这些练习通过产生频繁的小胜利来增强学习者相信自己能够学习新技能的信念。
如何通过反馈来提高学习效率?
-反馈不仅仅是关注结果,更重要的是关注过程。通过记录学习日志、分享给有经验的人或使用大型计算机模型来获取即时反馈,可以帮助学习者了解自己的思考过程和技能应用。
为什么说大型模型可以提供微反馈?
-大型模型,如国际象棋引擎或扑克GTO模型,可以在每个技能序列的每一步提供即时反馈,告诉学习者他们的决策是否是最高概率的决策,从而帮助他们评估和改进。
斯科特·扬的书《如何快速学习任何事物》中提到了哪些学习原则?
-书中提到了12条每个有志于学习的人都必须内化的学习原则,这些原则有助于学习者快速进步并保持学习动力。
如何获取斯科特·扬书中的洞察力摘要?
-如果你想要获取书中洞察力的一页PDF摘要,可以通过点击视频下方的链接并提供电子邮件地址来接收。如果你已经订阅了免费的生产力游戏电子邮件通讯,PDF已经发送到你的收件箱。
斯科特·扬推荐的学习循环对于成年人学习新技能有什么帮助?
-斯科特·扬推荐的学习循环可以帮助成年人通过模仿、实践和反馈来快速提高任何技能,同时保持学习动力,避免因为挫折而放弃。
为什么在学习过程中要避免仅仅依赖结果反馈?
-仅仅依赖结果反馈可能会导致误解,比如写出运行良好的代码可能质量并不高,或者视频在YouTube上走红可能只是因为算法的偶然性。这种反馈可能会误导学习者,让他们错误地认为自己的技能比实际更好,从而导致当结果稳定下降时感到巨大的挫败感。
Outlines
📚 学习循环:观察、实践与反馈
第一段主要介绍了斯科特·扬在其著作《如何更快地变得更好》中提出的学习循环理论。这一理论强调通过观察、实践和反馈三个步骤来提升技能。例如,儿童通过观察父母或兄弟姐妹骑自行车,然后尝试自己骑,并在过程中接受指导和鼓励,最终学会骑车。成年人可以利用最新的学习研究来增强这一循环的每个步骤,从而快速提升技能并保持学习动力。此外,还提到了通过模仿、提问和解决专家问题来深入理解技能的内在逻辑。
🔍 反馈的重要性与获取方法
第二段深入讨论了反馈在学习过程中的重要性,并指出仅依赖结果反馈可能会导致误解,因为结果可能由多种因素影响,而非技能本身。为了更准确地获得反馈,建议学习者记录自己的学习过程,并通过社区如Reddit或经验丰富的人士的“智囊团”来获取反馈。此外,还推荐使用大型计算机模型来获取即时反馈,如国际象棋引擎、扑克GTO模型等,这些模型可以帮助学习者评估每一步决策的正确性。最后,强调了通过模仿、实践和获取可靠反馈来实现快速进步的重要性,并推荐了斯科特·扬的书中包含的12条学习原则。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡学习循环
💡模仿
💡实践
💡反馈
💡技能提升
💡困难适中区
💡自我效能感
💡完成练习
💡大模型反馈
💡学习研究
💡Scott Young
Highlights
通过三步学习循环“看、做、变好”,我们可以在任何领域变得更好。
儿童通过观察、尝试和接受反馈学习骑自行车,这一过程可以应用于成人学习新技能。
成人可以使用最新的学习研究来增强学习循环的每一步,快速提高技能且不放弃。
模仿是学习写作、公共演讲和编程等技能的有效方法。
通过向专家提问,可以提取他们的思考过程和决策方式。
完成练习可以帮助学习者在适当的难度范围内测试所学知识。
学习者应保持在“困难的甜蜜点”,以避免过度挫败或缺乏挑战。
使用学习脚手架,如填空练习,可以逐步建立专业知识。
通过完成练习,学习者可以逐步提高自我效能感,增强学习信念。
反馈不应仅关注结果,而应关注学习过程和方法。
保持学习日志并寻求外部反馈可以帮助学习者了解自己的学习方法。
利用大型计算机模型可以获得即时反馈,以优化技能序列的每一步。
大型模型可以为各种技能提供大数据反馈,帮助学习者了解自己的表现。
Scott Young提倡通过模仿、实践和反馈来实现快速进步。
《在任何领域变得更好》一书包含了12条每个学习者都应该内化的原则。
作者提供了这本书的一页PDF摘要,供读者获取更多洞见。
Transcripts
I recently read get better at anything
by Scott
young we can get better at anything if
we follow a three-part learning cycle
see it do it get good
feedback as children we learn to ride a
bike by first observing a parent or
sibling ride a bike then attempting to
ride a bike and falling and then getting
tips from a parent like don't look down
then we followed the cycle again we
watched a sibling look forward as she
rode her bike got back on the bicycle
and tried to again
and then received additional tips and
encouragement this learning cycle
continued until we demonstrated that we
could do it well or got frustrated and
gave up as adults we can use the latest
learning research to enhance each step
of the Learning Cycle so we can get
better at any skill quickly and have
zero desire to
quit to improve the first part of the
cycle don't passively watch people do a
skill copy exactly and extract
improve your writing by copying passages
from your favorite writer by hand while
copying verbatim you're more inclined to
notice stylistic choices that differ
from your own prompting questions that
will guide your learning enhance your
public speaking by replicating a great
keynote speech and recording yourself
delivering it do it over and over until
the pauses and vocal variety match the
expert as you mimic the speech you'll
better understand the components of a
great speech become a better programmer
by writing code out exactly as it's
written instead of just copy pasting it
into a reference
document as you copy the code exactly as
it is imagine what the programmer was
thinking as they wrote the
code copying will get you to think like
a skilled practitioner but to really
understand how skilled people think ask
them to solve a problem while thinking
allow to extract their
process if you want to be a better
golfer ask an expert golfer what they
would do if they s started hitting the
ball poorly if you want to be a better
programmer give an experienced
programmer a challenging problem and
then ask them to talk through their
process be like a curious toddler and
ask plenty of why questions to
understand key decisions like why did
you choose that logic
function and if you want to be a better
cook challenge a chef by removing
ingredients from a recipe and then
getting them to talk through their
problem solving process allowed when you
get confused stop them and ask how did
you come to that decision or what else
could you have done
there experts often skip fundamental
explanations because their actions and
decisions seem obvious to them but by
giving experts problems and then forcing
them to slow down and explain their
decisions you can extract the vital if
then rules that will allow you to
perform the skill the faster you learn
the fundamental rules of a skill the
faster you'll be able to perform that
skill
well now after the copy and extraction
phase you need to test what you've
learned and when you put your knowledge
to the test you must remain in the
difficulty sweet spot because if you
struggled too much at first your belief
that you can learn the skill will
diminish and your interest will Wan
researchers called this lowering one's
self-efficacy but if you struggle too
little you won't trigger your brain to
form new connections that allow you to
improve one way to work within the
difficulty sweet spot is to start
practicing a skill with completion
exercises if you're learning how to
write good stories start copying a
paragraph from a good short story and
then close the reference material and
try to finish it on your own if you're
learning a language hear the start of a
common phrase and then try to complete
it if you're learning poker or chess
watch a game being played hit pause and
then guess the next move and if you're
learning to program have a friend or AI
remove critical pieces in a section of
code and then try to fill in those
sections for most cognitive skills you
can create flashcards of key concepts
with keywords missing and then test
yourself at spaced intervals by reading
the flashcards and trying to fill in the
blanks for most physical skills you can
start with a trigger movement and then
try to complete the rest of the routine
in different
scenarios completion exercises are like
scaffolds temporary structures used to
help you build your
expertise these learning scaffolds are
great for Building self self-efficacy
because they generate frequent small
winds that fuel the belief that you can
learn a
skill gradually increasing the
difficulty of completion exercises is
quite straightforward you just create
more and more gaps to be filled if you
deleted one critical step the last time
delete two this time your goal should
always be to get roughly four out of
five completion exercises
correct Scott young says nothing gives a
greater boost to our confidence than
seeing ourselves success
Ed now when it comes to the feedback
part of the Learning Cycle don't just
focus on how you did but on how you did
it as you advance in this skill the
feedback you get can be
misleading you can write a program that
runs well with poorly written code you
can produce a video that goes viral on
YouTube due to algorithm that quirks
rather than
quality relying solely on outcome
feedback can mislead you into thinking
your skills like programming skills and
video production skills are much better
than they actually are which can lead to
enormous frustration when your results
steadily Decline and you don't know
why that's why for any skill you're
learning you should do two things seek
feedback on your process and get micro
feedback from large
models seek feedback on your process by
keeping a learning journal and write
down how you apply your skill to solve
problems like how you thought through a
complex hand in poker or position in
chess then routinely post sections of
your learning journal to Reddit for
comment or share sections with a Brain
Trust of experienced people that aren't
afraid to point out flaws in your
approach when possible record yourself
executing a skill while talking through
your thought process alloud then send
the video to an expert to
evaluate if you don't have a deep
understanding of the fundamentals it
will quickly become apparent in your
explanation
video now the second way to enhance
feedback is to get mic feedback from
large
models utilize large computer models to
get immediate feedback on every step of
a skill sequence in chess there's chess
engine models that tell you if you're
winning or losing after every move in
poker game theory optimal models GTO
models help you evaluate each decision
you make by telling you if you're making
the highest probability
decision in golf there's something
called Strokes gain data that compares
your performance to the average
performance for your skill level so you
know if each shot you make is better or
worse than average and which area of the
game you need to
improve there are big data models like
these available for almost any skill
these days and now with large language
models like chat GPT you're able to
periodically explain your process and
get feedback to refine your
approach in the end rather than just
seeing doing and reacting to a result
copy people who are great and ask them
processed questions
then practice completion exercises
within the difficulty sweet spot so you
experience several small winds and
sustain your self-efficacy that is you
continue to believe you can learn the
skill you're trying to learn and then
get feedback on your approach from Brain
Trust and large models as Scott young
says when we're able to learn from the
example of other people practice
extensively ourselves and get reliable
feedback rapid progress results
that was the core message that I
gathered from get better at anything by
Scott young this book includes 12 maxims
that every aspiring learner must
internalize I highly recommend it if you
would like a one-page PDF summary of
insights that I gather from this book
just click the link below and I'll be
happy to email it to you if you're
already subscribed to the free
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inbox if you like this video please
share it and as always thanks for
watching and have yourself productive
week
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