9 Bentuk Permukaan Bumi Dasar Laut dan Contohnya

Summary

This educational video from Halo discusses various types of landforms on Earth, both on land and underwater, and explains how they are formed due to geological forces. The video focuses on nine underwater landforms, including continental shelves, ocean ridges, volcanic islands, and deep ocean trenches. It explains their characteristics, such as their depth, location, and formation processes. For example, the continental shelf is a shallow area of the ocean, while ocean trenches like the Mindanao Trench are among the deepest parts of the ocean. The video concludes with an invitation to subscribe for more educational content.

Takeaways

• 😀 Earth's surface is shaped by geological forces, both endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external).
• 😀 The Earth's relief is divided into two main categories: land relief and ocean relief.
• 😀 Ocean relief includes features like oceans, seas, straits, and gulfs, which are part of the underwater landscape.
• 😀 Continental shelf is a shallow underwater area along coastlines, with a depth of less than 200 meters, supporting marine life.
• 😀 Continental slope is the steep underwater slope between the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor, reaching depths of over 200 meters.
• 😀 Ocean basins or 'submarine basins' are deep, U-shaped underwater depressions with steep cliffs and flat bottoms, such as the Indo-Australian Basin.
• 😀 Volcanic islands are underwater volcanoes with their bases on the ocean floor, and their peaks emerging above sea level, like Anak Krakatau in Indonesia.
• 😀 The ocean ridge is a mountain range found on the ocean floor, formed by tectonic activity, with ridges known as 'Rais' or 'Rei'.
• 😀 Ocean trenches are deep, narrow, and long underwater valleys that can reach thousands of meters deep, such as the Mindanao Trench in the Philippines.
• 😀 Seamounts are underwater volcanic mountains, whose peaks do not break the ocean's surface but can rise over 1 km in height.
• 😀 Guyots are flat-topped underwater mountains that once were volcanoes, now submerged and appearing like underwater tables.

Q & A

What are the two main types of geological forces that shape the Earth's surface?

The two main types of geological forces that shape the Earth's surface are endogenous and exogenous forces.

What are the two main categories of Earth's surface relief?

The two main categories of Earth's surface relief are land relief (terrestrial) and ocean relief.

What is the continental shelf, and where is it found?

The continental shelf is a shallow area of the ocean floor that extends along the coastline. It has a depth of less than 200 meters and is part of the continent, often serving as a habitat for marine life.

What is the difference between the continental slope and the continental shelf?

The continental slope, or continental slope, is the steep area of the ocean floor between the continental shelf and the deep ocean. It has a depth of more than 200 meters, while the continental shelf is shallow and less than 200 meters deep.

What defines a basin in the ocean floor, and what is its depth range?

A basin is a large, U-shaped depression in the ocean floor, often with steep sides and a flat bottom. It can reach depths of up to 2000 meters or more.

What is an oceanic volcanic island, and where can it be found?

An oceanic volcanic island is a volcano whose base is on the ocean floor, with its peak rising above the water. These islands are often found along the Pacific Ring of Fire, like Anak Krakatau in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia.

What is the significance of mid-ocean ridges or oceanic ridges?

Mid-ocean ridges or oceanic ridges are underwater mountain ranges formed by tectonic plate movements. They represent areas where two lithospheric plates are moving apart, and new oceanic crust is created.

What is a deep ocean trench, and how deep can they be?

A deep ocean trench is a long, narrow depression in the ocean floor, often hundreds to thousands of meters deep. For example, the Mindanao Trench in Indonesia reaches depths of up to 10,500 meters.

What is an oceanic abyss or promontory?

An oceanic abyss, also known as an oceanic drempel, is a mountain range located between two deep ocean areas. It acts as a boundary separating two different water bodies.

What is the difference between a seamount and a volcanic island?

A seamount is an underwater mountain formed by volcanic activity, with its base on the ocean floor but not rising to the surface. A volcanic island, in contrast, has its peak above the ocean's surface.

What is a guyot, and how does it differ from other underwater mountains?

A guyot is a flat-topped underwater mountain, unlike other mountains that have sharp peaks. Its flat summit does not reach the ocean surface and typically represents an extinct volcanic island.