Penelitian Sosial | IPS SMA

Summary

This video delves into the world of social research, highlighting the importance of scientific methods in analyzing social, cultural, and environmental phenomena. It walks viewers through the essential steps of conducting social research, including defining research topics, formulating questions, reviewing references, and testing hypotheses. The video also covers key research methods—qualitative, quantitative, and mixed—and touches on ethical considerations. Additionally, it explores specialized research in history and geography, emphasizing the significance of tools like maps, remote sensing, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Ultimately, the video underscores the value of social research in understanding and solving societal issues.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social research involves systematic investigations into social, cultural, and environmental phenomena using scientific methods.
• 😀 There are 9 essential steps in conducting social research, starting with defining the research topic and scope.
• 😀 The second step is formulating the research problem, which should include guiding questions like 'Why' or 'How'.
• 😀 Gathering references and previous research is the third step to provide context and background for the study.
• 😀 Formulating a hypothesis or preliminary conclusion is the fourth step, which will later be tested through the research.
• 😀 Choosing the appropriate research method (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods) is the fifth step.
• 😀 Qualitative research explores meanings and motivations, while quantitative research deals with numerical data and statistical analysis.
• 😀 The sixth step involves selecting the right research instruments, such as surveys and questionnaires, to guide the data collection process.
• 😀 The seventh step is data collection, with primary data (from participants) and secondary data (from existing sources) being the two main types.
• 😀 After data collection, the eighth step is analyzing the data using appropriate theoretical frameworks, followed by writing a research report to present the findings.
• 😀 Ethical considerations in research, such as maintaining privacy, avoiding bias, and not plagiarizing, are crucial throughout the process.

Q & A

What is social research?

Social research is the process of investigating and analyzing social, cultural, and environmental phenomena using scientific principles and methods.

What are the nine steps in social research?

The nine steps are: 1. Determine the research topic and scope, 2. Formulate the problem, 3. Review references and previous studies, 4. Develop a hypothesis, 5. Choose the appropriate research method, 6. Select research instruments, 7. Collect data, 8. Analyze the data, and 9. Write the research report and conclude.

What are the three main types of research methods used in social research?

The three main methods are qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Qualitative research explores meanings and experiences, quantitative research tests hypotheses with numerical data, and mixed methods combine both approaches.

What is the purpose of a hypothesis in social research?

A hypothesis is a tentative conclusion or assumption that the researcher aims to test and verify through the research process.

What are the differences between primary and secondary data?

Primary data is collected directly from the research subject, such as through interviews, observations, or surveys. Secondary data, on the other hand, is obtained from existing sources like statistics, previous research, or documents.

What are the key ethical considerations in social research?

Researchers must obtain consent for participation, maintain respectful behavior, protect privacy, avoid manipulating data, remain unbiased, and refrain from plagiarism.

What are the four stages of historical research?

The four stages are: 1. Heuristic (gathering sources), 2. Verification (critiquing sources for authenticity), 3. Interpretation (analyzing sources), and 4. Historiography (writing the history in a chronological order).

How does geographical research differ from social research?

Geographical research focuses on understanding geospheric phenomena, including physical and human geography, through methods like surveys, case studies, and experiments. Social research is more about analyzing social behaviors, cultural patterns, and societal issues.

What are the three types of geographical research?

The three types are exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory. Exploratory research develops basic knowledge about geospheric phenomena, descriptive research provides detailed information, and explanatory research tests hypotheses or theories.

What is the role of a Geographic Information System (GIS) in research?

GIS is a computer-based system used to collect, store, manipulate, and analyze geographical data, such as maps and resource distribution, helping researchers understand spatial relationships and patterns.