18 MPE KUALITATIF - Observasi 2 - Dasar-dasar Observasi

Summary

This video explores the concept of observation in research, emphasizing its systematic, planned, and data-driven nature. It discusses the importance of observation in gathering data, outlining its various types, including full, active, and passive observation. The script explains how researchers must balance their roles as participants and observers to avoid bias, ensuring the authenticity of their findings. Additionally, it introduces the notion of giving meaning to observed data, stressing that research is more than just recording events—it involves interpreting and understanding the significance behind them.

Takeaways

• 😀 Observation is a systematic and planned activity aimed at gathering data in a structured manner.
• 😀 It involves more than just watching or recording; observation must be purposeful and focused on specific elements or behaviors.
• 😀 Observation requires careful planning, such as creating checklists and identifying priorities before conducting the research.
• 😀 The primary goal of observation is to gather data, not to participate in or influence the activity being studied.
• 😀 A researcher must distinguish between their role as a researcher and as a participant in the observed setting.
• 😀 Observational data must not only describe events but also interpret and give meaning to what is observed.
• 😀 Types of observations include full observation, active observation, and passive observation, each with different levels of researcher involvement.
• 😀 In full observation, the researcher observes without influencing or participating in the event.
• 😀 Active observation involves the researcher engaging with and participating in the observed environment.
• 😀 Passive observation occurs when the researcher observes without the participants knowing that they are being studied, thus maintaining anonymity.
• 😀 The presence of the researcher may be known to the subjects, or it may not, and this distinction is critical in categorizing observations as active or passive.

Q & A

What is the definition of observation as explained in the script?

Observation is a systematic and planned activity aimed at gathering data. It involves more than just watching or recording an event; it requires an organized approach with a clear purpose and methodology.

Why is observation considered a systematic process?

Observation is systematic because it follows a clear sequence and structure. Researchers must decide in advance what to observe, and the observation items are arranged based on the research question and theories being used.

What is the importance of planning in observation?

Planning is important in observation because it ensures that the researcher knows exactly what to observe, when to observe it, and how to document it. This organized approach helps in obtaining accurate and relevant data.

What is meant by 'observational data must be given meaning'?

This means that the data collected through observation should not just be a list of events or activities. It needs to be interpreted and analyzed to uncover its deeper meaning and relevance in the context of the research.

How does observation differ from just watching or recording an event?

Observation goes beyond merely watching an event. It involves actively gathering data with a specific purpose, following a structured approach, and ensuring that the data is analyzed and interpreted meaningfully.

What are the main goals of conducting observation in research?

The main goal of conducting observation is to gather data, specifically about settings, people, behaviors, locations, activities, and their meanings. The ultimate objective is to use these observations to understand the subject being studied.

What is the difference between active and passive observation?

In active observation, the researcher’s presence and role as a researcher are known to the participants. In passive observation, the researcher observes without the participants being aware of their role as a researcher.

What does it mean for a researcher to be a 'participant' in observation?

Being a 'participant' means that the researcher is not just observing but is also involved in the activities being studied. This involvement must be distinguished from the researcher’s role as an observer to maintain objectivity.

Why is it important for a researcher to know when they are acting as a researcher versus as a participant?

It is crucial to distinguish between these roles to avoid bias in the data collection. A researcher must maintain awareness of when they are observing and when they are participating to ensure the integrity of the study.

What are the types of observation mentioned in the video?

The video mentions three types of observation: full observation, active observation, and passive observation. These types differ based on the researcher’s involvement and the participants' awareness of the researcher's role.