Kuliah Filsafat Ilmu || Proses Perolehan Pengetahuan || Part 3

Summary

The transcript discusses key philosophical concepts in academic writing, particularly focusing on deductive and inductive thinking. It explores how these methods influence the structure and approach in research writing, such as in theses and dissertations. The speaker emphasizes the importance of linking academic work to real-world phenomena, advocating for a thoughtful and empirical approach to research. The discussion also touches on the relevance of understanding underlying theories while considering local contexts in research, stressing the value of critical analysis and active participation in the process of knowledge generation.

Takeaways

• 😀 Deductive reasoning starts with a conceptual or theoretical statement, followed by supporting data and explanations.
• 😀 Inductive reasoning begins with specific cases or data, and draws general conclusions or theories from them.
• 😀 Academic writing, especially in theses and dissertations, should connect to real-world phenomena and not stand in isolation.
• 😀 The process of writing academic work is a response to observed phenomena, which should stimulate research and understanding.
• 😀 The thesis or dissertation should reflect a deep understanding and interpretation of a phenomenon, not just a collection of data.
• 😀 Research should be based on clear empirical cases or issues, linked to broader societal or academic trends.
• 😀 Deductive reasoning often uses established theories to guide research, while inductive reasoning allows for more flexibility in exploring data.
• 😀 In deductive reasoning, theories guide the research design, where specific variables (X and Y) are tested for relationships.
• 😀 Inductive research methods, such as participatory action research or ethnography, involve deep engagement with the subjects of study.
• 😀 A well-structured thesis should aim to produce new insights (novelty) or new theories to explain the observed phenomena.
• 😀 Academic work should be connected to ongoing debates or real-world issues to ensure its relevance and practical application.

Q & A

What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning in academic writing?

Inductive reasoning starts with specific cases or data and moves to generalizations or theories, while deductive reasoning begins with a general theory or statement and applies it to specific examples or cases.

Why is it important for a thesis or dissertation to be connected to real-world phenomena?

A thesis or dissertation should be connected to real-world phenomena because it ensures the research is grounded in observable, relevant issues, making the study practical and applicable rather than theoretical or disconnected.

What role do theories play in deductive reasoning in academic writing?

In deductive reasoning, theories provide the starting point. The researcher applies these theories to specific cases or examples to test or support the initial theory with data or evidence.

What is the significance of using data to support a deductive argument?

Using data to support a deductive argument strengthens the initial theory or general statement, showing that it holds true in specific contexts or examples, and enhances the credibility of the research.

How does inductive reasoning influence the research process?

Inductive reasoning influences research by allowing the researcher to start from specific observations or data and build generalizations or theories based on those findings, leading to a deeper understanding of the subject.

What is the practical application of inductive reasoning in qualitative research?

Inductive reasoning is often applied in qualitative research methods, such as ethnography and participatory action research, where the researcher is actively involved in the study and gathers data to generate theories from real-world experiences.

Why is it essential to avoid merely copying existing research when writing a thesis or dissertation?

It is essential to avoid copying existing research because doing so can result in plagiarism and limit the originality of the work. A thesis or dissertation should reflect the student's own understanding and engagement with the research topic.

How does the connection between theory and reality affect the quality of academic writing?

The connection between theory and reality enhances the quality of academic writing by ensuring that the research is not just a theoretical exercise but also addresses practical, real-world issues, making the conclusions more relevant and applicable.

What does it mean to 'translate' research into practical understanding in academic writing?

To 'translate' research into practical understanding means interpreting theoretical concepts or data in a way that applies to real-world situations, generating new insights or solutions that can contribute to the field.

How should students approach the writing of a thesis or dissertation, according to the lecture?

Students should approach the writing of a thesis or dissertation as a response to observable phenomena, ensuring that their research is grounded in real-world issues and that they engage with both theoretical concepts and empirical data to build a comprehensive understanding of the topic.