Nova Ordem Mundial - Brasil Escola

Summary

In this video, Professor Larissa Mesquita explores the evolution from the 'Old World Order' to the 'New World Order.' The 'Old World Order' was shaped by the Cold War's ideological divide between capitalist and socialist powers, with the U.S. and Soviet Union as the dominant superpowers. After the fall of the Soviet Union, a 'New World Order' emerged, marked by a shift to a multipolar world, the rise of new economic powers like China, and the dominance of capitalism. The video discusses the impacts of globalization, military power, and modern challenges like terrorism and ethnic conflicts.

Takeaways

• 😀 The concept of 'world order' refers to how countries organize themselves in the global geopolitical scenario, establishing relationships of power and influence.
• 😀 The 'Old World Order' existed from the end of World War II (1945) until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, characterized by a bipolar world divided between capitalist and socialist countries.
• 😀 The Old World Order's dominant aspect was the military power of nations, especially during the Cold War, with significant events like the arms race and the space race demonstrating military dominance.
• 😀 The collapse of socialism and the end of the bipolar world led to the emergence of a 'New World Order,' marked by the dominance of capitalism and the shift towards a multipolar world with various centers of power.
• 😀 The New World Order is dynamic, with countries constantly reorganizing. Initially, it was seen as consisting of three major power blocks: the United States, Europe, and Japan.
• 😀 China has emerged as a significant economic power, surpassing Japan in importance in the 21st century, reflecting the changing dynamics of global power structures.
• 😀 The New World Order is characterized by an increasing interconnection between countries, driven by globalization in political, economic, and cultural domains.
• 😀 Military power remains important in the New World Order, with the United States being the leading global military power, although Russia remains significant due to its Cold War-era military legacy.
• 😀 The rise of economic blocs and regional organizations has become more pronounced, with countries forming alliances for economic and political benefits.
• 😀 The post-9/11 era saw the emergence of the 'Bush Doctrine' and a global fight against terrorism, highlighting a new common enemy for the world, though not on the same scale as the capitalist-socialist divide during the Cold War.

Q & A

What is the 'New World Order' as described in the script?

The 'New World Order' refers to the current global political and economic system that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. It is characterized by the dominance of capitalism and a more multipolar world with multiple centers of power, including countries like the United States, China, and emerging nations.

What does the 'Old World Order' refer to, and what time period does it cover?

The 'Old World Order' refers to the global system in place between the end of World War II in 1945 and the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. This was a bipolar world, divided between capitalist and socialist blocs, with the United States and the Soviet Union as the two dominant superpowers.

How were countries organized during the 'Old World Order'?

During the 'Old World Order', countries were divided into two primary ideological blocs: capitalist nations led by the United States, and socialist nations led by the Soviet Union. These countries aligned with either of the two superpowers, which led to a global division of power.

What event marked the symbolic end of the Cold War and the 'Old World Order'?

The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the symbolic end of the Cold War and the 'Old World Order', effectively ending the division between the capitalist and socialist worlds.

What is meant by the world being 'multipolar' in the 'New World Order'?

In the 'New World Order', the world is described as 'multipolar' because it no longer has just two dominant superpowers. Instead, there are multiple centers of power, including the United States, China, and other emerging economies, each exerting influence in different regions of the world.

Why is the rise of China significant in the 'New World Order'?

China's rise is significant because it has become one of the most important economic powers globally, surpassing Japan in economic influence. This marks a shift in global power dynamics, with China now playing a major role in the 'New World Order'.

What role do economic blocs play in the 'New World Order'?

Economic blocs, such as the European Union, NAFTA, and BRICS, have become increasingly important in the 'New World Order'. These alliances between countries help coordinate economic policies and strengthen their collective bargaining power on the global stage.

How does globalization affect the 'New World Order'?

Globalization leads to greater integration among countries economically, politically, and culturally. This interconnectedness is a key characteristic of the 'New World Order', as countries are more interdependent than ever before, fostering a globalized economy and society.

What major change occurred in the global military balance after the Cold War?

After the Cold War, the United States emerged as the dominant military power in the world. While Russia still maintains significant military strength, it no longer rivals the United States in terms of military capacity, particularly after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

How did the 9/11 attacks influence global politics in the 'New World Order'?

The 9/11 attacks in 2001 led to the emergence of the 'Bush Doctrine' and a global fight against terrorism. Terrorism became a major global concern, shifting international relations and leading to military interventions and security measures focused on combating terrorism worldwide.