Menghitung Fungsi Penawaran dan Permintaan I Ekonomi Kelas 10 - KHATULISTIWA MENGAJAR

Summary

This video explains the concepts of demand and supply functions through a practical example. The narrator compares a personal shopping experience with an online discount and a sibling's shoe business to illustrate how demand increases with price changes. It then walks through the process of calculating the demand function using the formula, demonstrating how changes in price and quantity relate to demand. A simplified method, called the 'cross-multiply formula,' is introduced to make the calculations easier. The video ends with an engaging and straightforward explanation to help viewers understand the application of these economic principles.

Takeaways

• 😀 The concept of demand and supply functions is illustrated through real-life examples like online shopping and selling shoes.
• 😀 The demand function is affected by price changes; when a price decreases, more units are purchased.
• 😀 A flash sale and free shipping can significantly increase the quantity of items a person is willing to buy, demonstrating the demand function.
• 😀 The supply function is influenced by price changes; sellers are more willing to sell more units when prices increase.
• 😀 When prices drop, sellers are less likely to sell products as they won’t make enough profit, reflecting the supply function.
• 😀 The relationship between price and quantity demanded is explained with a simple formula using P (price) and Q (quantity).
• 😀 To calculate demand and supply functions, a specific formula involving P1, P2, Q1, and Q2 is used.
• 😀 The formula for calculating demand involves substituting known values and solving for the relationship between price and quantity.
• 😀 A simplified version of the formula, called the 'cross-multiplication method', is introduced for ease of calculation.
• 😀 Using the simplified formula, a solution for the demand function is obtained: qd = -1/200p + 700, which matches the results from the detailed formula.
• 😀 The video concludes by reaffirming that understanding demand and supply functions is essential for both consumers and sellers in the market.

Q & A

What is the function of demand, as mentioned in the script?

The function of demand explains the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity of that product that consumers are willing to buy. If the price decreases, the quantity demanded typically increases.

How does the script explain the function of supply?

The function of supply refers to the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity that producers are willing to sell. When prices rise, suppliers are motivated to sell more units to maximize profit.

What is the significance of the 'flash sale' in the example provided?

The flash sale creates a price reduction, which in turn leads to an increase in the quantity of the product demanded. The customer in the script buys more items during the flash sale due to the discount and free shipping.

What are the key variables in the demand and supply formulas?

The key variables are P (price), Q (quantity), P1 (initial price), P2 (new price), Q1 (initial quantity), and Q2 (new quantity). These variables are used to calculate the demand and supply functions.

How is the demand function calculated in the example?

The demand function is calculated by inserting the values for P1, P2, Q1, and Q2 into the formula. After simplifying the equation, the demand function is found to be Qd = -200P + 140,000.

What does the simplified 'cross-multiply' method refer to in the script?

The 'cross-multiply' method is a simplified technique to calculate the demand function quickly. It involves calculating the differences in price and quantity, then cross-multiplying to derive the demand equation.

What does a negative value in the demand equation signify?

A negative value in the demand equation indicates that as the price increases, the quantity demanded decreases, which reflects the typical behavior of demand according to the law of demand.

What role does price play in determining the quantity of goods demanded?

Price is a crucial factor in determining the quantity of goods demanded. As the price of a product increases, the quantity demanded tends to decrease, and vice versa, which is the essence of the demand curve.

What is the purpose of calculating demand and supply functions?

The purpose of calculating demand and supply functions is to understand and predict how changes in price affect the quantity demanded and supplied, thus helping businesses make pricing and production decisions.

Why does the seller not want to sell when prices are low?

When prices are low, the seller does not want to sell as much because the potential profit is reduced. The seller seeks to maximize profit by selling more when prices are higher.