Pengertian Manajemen Risiko

Summary

This lecture on risk management explores key concepts such as the difference between risk and hazard, the importance of structured approaches to risk management, and the dire consequences of failing to manage risk effectively. Using real-world examples, including road safety and the tragic Lion Air JT610 crash, the lecture demonstrates how misunderstanding or neglecting risk can lead to catastrophic events. It emphasizes the need for proper identification, assessment, and mitigation of risks, urging that businesses must invest in risk management to prevent disasters and protect lives.

Takeaways

• 😀 Understanding the difference between **Risk** and **Hazard** is crucial: **Hazard** is the source of potential harm, while **Risk** is the consequence that might result from the hazard.
• 😀 **Risk Management** involves a structured approach to dealing with uncertainty and threats (Hazards). It includes identification, assessment, and mitigation strategies.
• 😀 **Risk Assessment** can be divided into three main steps: Risk Identification, Risk Analysis, and Risk Evaluation, each essential for effectively managing potential threats.
• 😀 Risks are not always certain to happen. Even if the likelihood of an event is high, it doesn't guarantee that the worst-case scenario will occur.
• 😀 A **Risk Matrix** is a tool used to evaluate the severity and likelihood of different risks, helping in decision-making about how to handle them.
• 😀 **Risk Mitigation** involves strategies such as **transferring**, **terminating**, **tolerating**, or **treating** the risk, depending on the level of risk identified.
• 😀 Risk management is not just a theoretical exercise—it has real-world implications. For example, poor risk management can lead to catastrophic events like the **Lion Air JT610 crash**.
• 😀 The JT610 disaster occurred because of a **new hazard** introduced by the MCAS system, which the pilots and air traffic control did not fully understand.
• 😀 **Lack of training** and insufficient manuals contributed to the JT610 tragedy, highlighting the importance of proper education and preparation when dealing with new technology.
• 😀 The quote from an economist emphasizes the importance of investing in **risk management** in any business, suggesting that without it, the business is inherently dangerous and vulnerable.
• 😀 Effective risk management can prevent human tragedies and disasters, as shown in both everyday examples (like crossing the road) and extreme cases (like plane crashes).

Q & A

What is the difference between risk and hazard?

A hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm, such as a dangerous object or situation (e.g., a truck on the road). Risk, on the other hand, refers to the likelihood and consequences of exposure to a hazard, which could result in injury or damage.

What are the two key components in risk management discussed in the lecture?

The two key components of risk management discussed are 'risk assessment' and 'risk treatment.' Risk assessment involves identifying and analyzing risks, while risk treatment involves selecting strategies to mitigate those risks.

How does the concept of risk awareness differ between an adult and a child in the context of the pedestrian example?

An adult is aware of the risks involved in crossing a street and can recognize the potential consequences (e.g., being hit by a car). In contrast, a child may not understand the dangers of crossing the street because they lack awareness of the potential consequences.

Why is it important to manage risk effectively?

Effective risk management is crucial because unmitigated risks can lead to severe consequences, including human tragedies. Proper management can prevent accidents and save lives by reducing the likelihood and impact of hazardous situations.

What is the role of a risk matrix in risk management?

A risk matrix is a tool used to evaluate the severity of risks by assessing the likelihood of an event occurring and the potential consequences. It helps prioritize risks so that appropriate treatment strategies can be applied.

What tragic example does the lecturer use to highlight the consequences of poor risk management?

The lecturer uses the example of the Lion Air JT610 crash, where a failure to properly manage risks associated with the new MCAS system led to a fatal accident, resulting in the deaths of 189 people.

What was the key issue in the Lion Air JT610 crash according to the risk analysis?

The key issue was the lack of proper understanding and training regarding the MCAS system, which caused the pilots to struggle with controlling the aircraft. Additionally, there was inadequate documentation and communication about the system's operation.

How could the tragedy of the Lion Air crash have been prevented?

The tragedy could have been prevented with better risk management practices, such as more comprehensive pilot training, clear user manuals, and proper documentation regarding the MCAS system. These measures would have helped the pilots handle the new system safely.

What is the significance of the quote 'If you don't invest in risk management, no matter what your business is, it's a high-risk business'?

The quote emphasizes that risk management is essential in all areas of business. Without proper investment in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks, any business—whether in aviation, transportation, or other industries—remains exposed to high risks that could lead to catastrophic outcomes.

What are the four possible treatments for risks mentioned in the lecture?

The four possible treatments for risks are: 1) Transfer, which involves shifting the risk to another party (e.g., insurance); 2) Terminate, which means eliminating the risk entirely; 3) Tolerate, which means accepting the risk as is; and 4) Treat, which involves taking steps to mitigate or manage the risk.