[t], [d] or [Id]? | "-ed" Past Tense | English Pronunciation

ElementalEnglish
22 Apr 201308:12

Summary

TLDR本集播客《Elemental English Comm》探讨了英语中动词过去式以'-ed'结尾的三种不同发音方式:'des'、'did'和'it'。这些发音差异取决于动词的最后一个音素是浊音、清音还是元音。例如,'walked'中的'-ed'发音类似于't',而'smelled'中的'-ed'发音类似于'd','visited'中的'-ed'则发音类似于't'。播客还介绍了如何通过触摸颈部感受声带振动来辨别发音,并通过实例练习加深理解。此外,还提到了英语中的连读现象,如'H'的省略,以及如何清晰地发音以确保语音的连贯性。

Takeaways

  • 📚 英语中动词过去式以'-ed'结尾的发音有三种不同的方式:'des'、'dit'和'id'。
  • 👂 动词'walked'的'-ed'发音听起来像'tip',尽管它以字母'd'结尾。
  • 👃 'smelled'的'-ed'发音听起来像'doo',反映了发音的变化。
  • 🏙️ 'visited'的'-ed'发音听起来像'it',展示了不同的发音方式。
  • 📝 有三个规则可以解释这些不同的'-ed'发音。
  • 🇺🇸 大多数美国人在发音时不自觉地遵循这些规则。
  • 🎵 发音的变化与声带的振动有关,分为有声和无声两种。
  • 🔊 无声结尾的动词使'-ed'发音为无声的't'。
  • 🔊 有声结尾的动词使'-ed'发音为有声的'd'。
  • 🎼 以't'或'd'结尾的动词使'-ed'发音类似于'hood'或'id'。
  • 🗣️ 英语中的连读现象使得'-ed'结尾的发音在与元音开头的词连读时更加清晰。
  • 🔗 H不发音的规则在连读中也很重要,例如'her'和'our'在连读时H音会被省略。

Q & A

  • 为什么英语中以'-ed'结尾的动词过去式发音有三种不同的方式?

    -英语中以'-ed'结尾的动词过去式发音不同是因为它们受到前一个音节的影响。如果前面的音节是清音,'-ed'发音为清音;如果是浊音,'-ed'发音为浊音;而如果前面的音节是元音,则'-ed'发音类似于'id'。

  • 当我们说'walked away'时,'-ed'结尾的发音是什么?

    -在'walked away'中,'-ed'结尾的发音类似于'-t',因为'walk'以清音结尾。

  • 如何正确发音'smelled bad'中的'-ed'?

    -在'smelled bad'中,'-ed'结尾的发音类似于'-d',因为'smel'以浊音结尾。

  • 在'visited New York City'中,'-ed'是如何发音的?

    -在'visited New York City'中,'-ed'发音类似于'-id',因为'visit'以元音开头。

  • 为什么大多数美国人不能解释这些发音规则?

    -大多数美国人在发音时不自觉地应用这些规则,因此他们可能没有意识到这些规则的存在,也就无法解释它们。

  • 如何通过触摸颈部来感受发音时声带的振动?

    -将指尖放在颈部前面,然后发音'Wow, fake, zebra, snake'。在发音浊音时,你会感觉到声带的振动;而在发音清音时,你不会感觉到振动。

  • 为什么清音结尾的动词会让'-ed'发音为清音?

    -因为清音发音时声带不振动,这种无振动的特性会传递给'-ed',使其也以清音的形式发音。

  • 如何练习和理解'-ed'在浊音结尾的动词中的发音?

    -可以通过重复练习如'bobbed', 'begged', 'breathed'等单词来感受和理解'-ed'在浊音结尾的动词中的发音。

  • 为什么'-ed'在以元音结尾的动词后发音为'-id'?

    -当动词以元音结尾时,'-ed'会与前面的元音形成一个新的音节,发音类似于'-id',以保持语音的流畅性。

  • 英语中的连读现象如何影响'-ed'的发音?

    -在英语中,如果一个词以辅音结尾,紧接着的词以元音开头,通常会发生连读现象,这会影响'-ed'的发音,使其更清晰地被听到。

  • H删除规则是什么,它如何影响发音?

    -H删除规则是指在某些情况下,如果一个词以'h'开头且前一个词以辅音加元音的形式结尾,'h'的发音会被省略。例如,在'we raised her expectations'中,'her'的'h'被省略,发音变为'we raised their expectations'。

  • 如何进一步练习和理解英语中的连读和H删除规则?

    -可以通过查找相关的语言学习资源,如专门的课程或练习,来进一步练习和理解连读和H删除规则。

Outlines

00:00

📚 英语动词过去式'-ed'发音规则

本段视频脚本讨论了英语中动词过去式以'-ed'结尾的发音多样性。讲解了三种不同的发音方式:'-des'、'-d'和'-it'。例如,'walked'中的'-ed'发音类似于't',而'smelled'中的'-ed'发音像'd','visited'中的'-ed'则发音像't'。视频还介绍了发音差异的三条规则,解释了为何大多数美国人在不自觉中改变发音。此外,还提到了声带振动对发音的影响,以及如何通过触摸颈部感受声带振动来理解这些发音变化。

05:08

🗣️ 英语语音连接与'-ed'发音的联系

第二段视频脚本继续探讨了英语中'-ed'结尾动词的发音规则,特别是当它们与以元音开头的单词连接时的发音。例如,'visited'中的'-ed'在'the Empire State Building'之前发音为'-id'。此外,还讨论了'H'的省略规则,即在某些情况下,单词开头的'H'音会被省略,如'her'在'we raised her expectations'中被省略,发音为'we raised their expectations'。视频鼓励观众通过社交媒体分享这些知识,并推荐了有关连读和'H'省略的更多练习和解释的课程。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡动词过去式

动词过去式是英语中表示动作或状态发生在过去的时态形式。在视频中,讨论了动词过去式中以'-ed'结尾的发音变化,这是理解英语发音规则的一个重要方面。例如,'walked', 'smelled', 和 'visited' 都是动词的过去式形式,它们的发音各不相同。

💡发音规则

发音规则是指语言中单词发音的系统性规律。视频中讲解了动词过去式'-ed'发音的三条规则,这些规则帮助学习者正确发音并理解英语口语中的连读现象。例如,'walked'中的'-ed'发音为[t],'smelled'中的'-ed'发音为[d],而'visited'中的'-ed'发音为[id]。

💡有声与无声

有声(voiced)和无声(voiceless)是指发音时声带是否振动。视频中提到,声带振动与否会影响'-ed'的发音。例如,'laughed'中的'-ed'因为'gh'是无声音,所以'-ed'发音为无声的[t]。

💡连读

连读是指在口语中,单词与单词之间发音的自然过渡,有时会导致音素的变化。视频中提到,当一个以辅音结尾的词后面紧跟一个以元音开头的词时,'-ed'的发音会变得更加清晰。例如,'he walked away'中的'-ed'发音为[d],因为'walked'后面紧跟着元音开头的'away'。

💡H省略

H省略是指在英语口语中,当'h'位于词首且后面紧跟元音时,往往不发音。视频中提到'her'在'we raised her expectations'中,'h'被省略,发音变为'we raised their expectations'。

💡语音学

语音学是研究语音和其产生、传递及感知的科学。视频中通过讲解'-ed'的发音规则,实际上涉及到了语音学中的一些基本概念,如声带振动、有声与无声音等。

💡辅音与元音

辅音和元音是构成单词发音的基本音素。辅音通常由气流在口腔中的阻碍产生,而元音则是气流自由通过口腔时产生的音。视频中讲解了辅音结尾的词与元音开头的词相遇时的发音变化。

💡词汇振动

词汇振动是指在发音时,声带的振动可以传递到下一个音素,影响其发音。视频中通过让学习者将手指放在喉咙前,感受发音时的振动,来解释'-ed'发音的变化。

💡语音变化

语音变化是指在口语交流中,为了发音的流畅性和自然性,音素可能会发生的变化。视频中提到的'-ed'发音的三种不同方式,就是一种语音变化的例子。

💡英语口语

英语口语是指使用英语进行口头交流的能力。视频中的'-ed'发音规则是英语口语中的一个重要组成部分,正确的发音能够帮助学习者更自然地进行英语交流。

💡教学视频

教学视频是一种通过视频媒介传授知识和技能的教育形式。视频中通过实例和规则讲解,帮助学习者理解和掌握英语动词过去式的发音规则。

Highlights

英语中动词过去式以'-ed'结尾的发音有三种不同的方式:'des'、'dit'和'id'。

尽管动词'walked'以字母'd'结尾,其'-ed'结尾发音像't'。

动词'smelled'的'-ed'结尾发音像'doot'。

动词'visited'的'-ed'结尾发音像't'。

本课程教授解释'-ed'发音差异的三条规则。

大多数美国人在发音时不自觉地改变声音。

通过触摸颈部前部,可以感受到发音时声带的振动。

声带振动与否会传递到单词中的下一个音素。

以无声音结尾的动词导致'-ed'发音为无声音。

以有声音结尾的动词导致'-ed'发音为有声音。

以't'或'd'音结尾的动词导致'-ed'发音为'syllable hood'或'id'。

英语中,当一个以辅音结尾的词后面跟着一个以元音开头的词时,会连接发音。

动词'-ed'结尾的发音在连接发音时会清晰可闻。

H删除规则在英语中的连续语音中也很重要。

例如,'we raised her expectations'中的'H'音被删除,发音为'we raised their expectations'。

本课程还涉及了H删除的规则和练习。

如果课程有帮助,可以分享到Facebook和Twitter。

Transcripts

play00:00

hey everyone welcome to elemental

play00:03

English comm today's podcast is on the

play00:06

reasons why the past tense of verbs in

play00:08

English with the IDI ending are

play00:10

pronounced in three different ways - des

play00:14

or it you may have noticed that in

play00:18

English past tense verbs with an IDI

play00:21

ending are pronounced in three different

play00:23

ways to do or heed for example if I say

play00:29

the past tense verb walked as in I

play00:33

walked away what is the last sound that

play00:36

you hear in the verb walked the IDI verb

play00:41

ending sounds like a tip walked even

play00:44

though it ends in the letter D what do

play00:48

you hear when I say smelled as in it

play00:52

smelled bad the IDI verb ending sounds

play00:56

like a doo smelled and when I say

play01:01

visited as in I visited New York City

play01:04

how did I pronounce that IDI ending

play01:07

visited the IDI verb ending sounds like

play01:12

it visited this lesson teaches you the

play01:17

three rules that explain the differences

play01:19

and past tense verb edie pronunciation

play01:23

but don't be surprised if most Americans

play01:26

can't explain these rules to you the

play01:28

truth is Americans make these changes in

play01:31

sound without even noticing

play01:34

intro why the sound changes place your

play01:38

fingertips on the front of your neck and

play01:40

pronounce the following words what do

play01:43

you feel on your fingers when you say

play01:45

the underline sound Wow

play01:49

fake zebra snake when we pronounce

play01:56

voiced sounds our vocal cords vibrate

play02:00

when we say those sounds did you feel

play02:05

the vibration when we pronounce

play02:07

voiceless sounds our vocal cords do not

play02:11

vibrate

play02:14

no vibration this vibration or lack of

play02:18

vibration then carries forward to the

play02:21

following sound in the word therefore

play02:24

this vibration or lack of vibration

play02:27

explains why we pronounce the past tense

play02:30

of verbs in three voiced or voiceless

play02:32

ways to death or heed to final sound

play02:39

verbs ending in voiceless sounds caused

play02:48

the IDI ending to be pronounced as the

play02:50

voiceless two with no vocal cord

play02:53

vibration listen and repeat he popped a

play02:58

balloon pop they talked a lot talked she

play03:13

frothed a cup of milk Frost

play03:20

I laughed at the movie laughed she

play03:29

kissed a frog kissed

play03:35

we brushed it off brushed I reached

play03:43

around for it reached the final sound

play03:53

verbs ending in the voiced book good in

play04:03

her loop cause the IDI ending to be

play04:07

pronounced as a voiced

play04:10

listen and repeat it bobbed up and down

play04:17

bobbed he begged her to stay begged she

play04:29

breathed loudly breathe

play04:36

they loved it loved we raised her

play04:44

expectations raised they bridged the gap

play04:57

bridged I claimed it was mine claimed

play05:08

they banned new members banned she

play05:17

banged into the chair banged he cleared

play05:25

it up cleared I rolled up the paper

play05:37

rolled HUD or edy final sound verbs

play05:45

ending in the sounds to order will cause

play05:48

the edy ending of a verb to be

play05:50

pronounced of the syllable hood or it

play05:54

listen and repeat

play05:56

I visited the Empire State Building

play06:03

visit

play06:06

she edited the research paper edited we

play06:16

ended the game early ended he breaded

play06:26

the chicken breaded these IDI

play06:34

pronunciation rules are particularly

play06:37

important because in English we connect

play06:40

our speech when we have a word that ends

play06:42

in a consonant and is followed by a word

play06:45

that begins with a vowel in this case

play06:47

the way you say the verbs IDI ending

play06:50

will be heard loudly and clearly for

play06:53

example he walked away is pronounced he

play06:59

walked away did you hear that

play07:02

Ann walked clearly see the lesson on

play07:06

connected speech in linking for more

play07:08

practice and explanation H deletion the

play07:12

same rule of connected speech consonant

play07:15

plus vowel occurs when H deletion causes

play07:18

us to delete the H sound at the

play07:21

beginning of a word for example we

play07:24

raised her expectations is pronounced we

play07:30

raised their expectations we raised our

play07:33

expectations here we deleted the H in

play07:38

her then connected the speech from

play07:40

raised and her which became raised ur

play07:46

raised ur check out the lesson on H

play07:51

deletion for more practice and

play07:53

explanation if this lesson was helpful

play07:55

to you feel free to share it with your

play07:57

friends and family on Facebook and

play07:59

Twitter

play08:01

you

play08:10

you

Rate This

5.0 / 5 (0 votes)

相关标签
发音规则英语教学语法知识语言学习发音技巧学习资源语音训练英语听力语言教学英语课程