MATERI GEOGRAFI SIMAK UI 2023 - GEOGRAFI KEBENCANAAN

Summary

This video explores the concept of disaster geography, discussing the types of disasters, their causes, and their impacts. It categorizes disasters into three main types: natural, non-natural, and social, with examples like earthquakes, tsunamis, and technological failures. The video also explains the disaster cycle, including mitigation, preparedness, emergency response, and recovery. It further delves into how to calculate disaster risk based on hazard, vulnerability, and capacity, emphasizing the importance of physical, social, economic, and environmental resilience to minimize risks. The video aims to raise awareness and educate viewers on disaster preparedness and risk reduction.

Takeaways

• 🌍 Disaster geography examines disasters from a geographic perspective, considering natural, human, and mixed causes.
• 🌪️ Natural disasters are divided into categories such as meteorological (e.g., El Nino, cyclones), geological (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic eruptions), and hydrological (e.g., floods).
• 🏞️ Oceanographic disasters (e.g., tsunamis) and biological disasters (e.g., forest fires caused naturally) are also part of natural disaster categories.
• 💼 Non-natural disasters are caused by technological processes, including nuclear accidents (e.g., Chernobyl, Fukushima), and mechanical failures (e.g., plane crashes).
• 👥 Social disasters arise from human activities such as terrorism (e.g., 9/11 attacks) or crowd-related incidents (e.g., concert stampedes).
• 🔄 The disaster cycle includes four stages: mitigation, preparedness, emergency response, and recovery, focusing first on saving human lives.
• 🏛️ Mitigation is split into structural (e.g., earthquake-resistant buildings) and non-structural (e.g., educating communities about potential risks).
• 📉 Disaster risk is calculated as Hazard multiplied by Vulnerability, divided by Capacity, indicating that higher capacity reduces risk.
• 💡 Primary threats occur directly from disasters (e.g., tsunamis in coastal areas), while secondary threats arise as a consequence (e.g., landslides after earthquakes).
• 💪 Building physical, social, economic, and environmental capacity is key to reducing disaster risks, including steps like reforestation to prevent flooding.

Q & A

What is disaster geography?

Disaster geography is the study of disasters from a geographical perspective, analyzing how various types of disasters—natural, non-natural, and social—affect specific areas and populations.

What are the three major categories of disasters?

Disasters are categorized into three main types: natural disasters, non-natural disasters, and social disasters.

What defines a natural disaster?

A natural disaster is a catastrophic event caused by natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, or floods, which result in loss of life, property damage, or environmental changes.

What are some examples of meteorological disasters?

Examples of meteorological disasters include El Niño, La Niña, cyclones, and tornadoes, which are caused by atmospheric conditions.

What is the difference between geological and oceanographic disasters?

Geological disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, are caused by movements within the Earth's crust, while oceanographic disasters, such as tsunamis and sea storms, occur due to ocean-related phenomena.

What constitutes a non-natural disaster?

Non-natural disasters are events caused by technological or human-made factors, such as nuclear accidents, chemical spills, or the collapse of infrastructure like bridges or buildings.

Can you provide an example of a social disaster?

An example of a social disaster is terrorism, such as the 9/11 attacks or the Bali bombings. Another example is a crowd disaster, where mass gatherings lead to accidents or fatalities.

What is disaster mitigation?

Disaster mitigation refers to actions taken to prevent or minimize the impact of a disaster. It includes structural measures, like building earthquake-resistant buildings, and non-structural measures, such as community education and preparedness.

What is the importance of disaster preparedness?

Disaster preparedness ensures that individuals and communities are ready to respond effectively to disasters. This includes creating emergency plans, stockpiling supplies, and knowing evacuation routes.

How do you calculate disaster risk?

Disaster risk is calculated using the formula: Risk = Hazard × Vulnerability ÷ Capacity. This means that a region's risk of disaster depends on the severity of the hazard, the vulnerability of the population, and the capacity to cope with or mitigate the disaster.