MITIGASI BENCANA : PENGERTIAN BENCANA DAN RISIKO BENCANA

Summary

This video explains the concept of disasters, categorizing them into natural, non-natural, and social types. It highlights the causes of disasters, including natural phenomena and human activities. The video then introduces the idea of disaster risk, emphasizing the three key factors: hazard, vulnerability, and capacity. By using a formula, the video demonstrates how disaster risk can be calculated and reduced through preparedness and awareness. Viewers are encouraged to understand the causes of disasters and take proactive steps to mitigate risk, stressing the importance of being informed and prepared for potential threats.

Takeaways

• 😀 Disasters are events that cause widespread damage and affect many people, which can be natural (earthquakes, tsunamis) or human-made (pollution, industrial accidents).
• 😀 A disaster occurs when an event leads to significant harm, requiring large-scale assistance to address the damages.
• 😀 Natural disasters are caused by factors like tectonic movements or extreme weather conditions, while human actions such as deforestation can worsen these events.
• 😀 According to Indonesian law, a disaster is defined as an event that causes fatalities, environmental damage, property loss, and psychological impacts.
• 😀 There are three main types of disasters: natural, non-natural (technological failures and epidemics), and social (conflict, terrorism).
• 😀 Disaster risk refers to the probability and severity of a disaster occurring in a region, influenced by hazard, vulnerability, and capacity.
• 😀 Hazards or threats include natural phenomena (like earthquakes or floods) and human-made incidents (such as industrial accidents).
• 😀 Vulnerability represents the susceptibility of a community to the impacts of a disaster, influenced by location, infrastructure, and socio-economic factors.
• 😀 Capacity refers to a region's ability to manage disasters, including preparedness, emergency infrastructure, and public awareness.
• 😀 The disaster risk formula is: Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability ÷ Capacity. Higher hazard and vulnerability with lower capacity lead to higher risk.
• 😀 Improved preparedness and community education can reduce disaster risk by increasing capacity and awareness, thus minimizing damage.

Q & A

What is a disaster?

A disaster is an event that causes significant damage, affecting many people. It can be caused by natural phenomena like earthquakes, tsunamis, or volcanic eruptions, or by human activities like forest fires, pollution, or industrial accidents.

What are the three main causes of disasters?

Disasters can be caused by three main factors: natural causes (like tectonic movements or extreme rainfall), human causes (such as deforestation or pollution), and a combination of both.

How is a disaster defined in Indonesia's Disaster Management Law?

According to Indonesia's Disaster Management Law (No. 24 of 2007), a disaster is defined as an event or series of events caused by natural, non-natural, or human factors that lead to loss of life, environmental damage, property damage, and psychological impacts.

What is the difference between natural and non-natural disasters?

Natural disasters are caused by natural factors, such as earthquakes, floods, and tsunamis. Non-natural disasters are caused by human activities, such as technological failures or disease outbreaks.

What are the three factors that determine disaster risk?

Disaster risk is determined by three factors: hazard (the threat or potential disaster), vulnerability (how susceptible a community is to the disaster), and capacity (the ability of a region to handle a disaster).

What role does vulnerability play in disaster risk?

Vulnerability refers to how susceptible a community is to a disaster. Areas with poor infrastructure or social and economic challenges are more vulnerable to disasters, making their risk higher.

How can capacity reduce disaster risk?

Capacity refers to a region’s preparedness to handle a disaster. Strong capacity, including good infrastructure, early warning systems, and public awareness, can help reduce the damage caused by a disaster.

What is the formula used to calculate disaster risk?

The formula for calculating disaster risk is: Risk = Hazard × Vulnerability / Capacity. The risk increases if the hazard and vulnerability are high and the capacity to handle it is low.

How can understanding disaster risk help reduce its impact?

By understanding the components of disaster risk—hazard, vulnerability, and capacity—communities and governments can take proactive measures to reduce the likelihood and impact of disasters through preparedness and mitigation strategies.

What are some examples of human activities that can worsen the impact of natural disasters?

Human activities like deforestation, poor urban planning, and industrial pollution can exacerbate the effects of natural disasters. For example, deforestation can lead to more severe floods and landslides.