¿Que es el ESFUERZO de TORSION? 😎✔

Summary

This video script explores the concept of torsional effort, commonly found in vehicle transmission systems, electrical power generation, and various real-life applications. It explains how torsion occurs in a circular bar subjected to opposite moments at its ends, causing rotation around its longitudinal axis. The script delves into the mechanics of torsion, including the deformation it causes, the tangential stress distribution, and the calculation of torsional stress using the polar moment of inertia. It emphasizes that these principles are specific to circular geometries, noting that other shapes would complicate the analysis.

Takeaways

• 🔧 Torsion occurs in various applications, including vehicle transmission systems and electrical power generation systems.
• 📐 The script uses a circular cross-section bar as an example to explain the concept of torsion, where two opposite torques are applied at each end.
• 🔄 Torsion causes the bar to twist around its longitudinal axis without changing its geometry, thanks to the circular symmetry.
• 📏 The angle of twist is measured from the center of the section to determine how much a specific section has rotated relative to its initial state.
• 📐 Shear deformation is produced due to torsion, which is similar to the deformation explained in the video about shear stress.
• 📊 Shear deformation varies linearly from the center of the bar to the outer surface, being maximum at the surface and zero at the axis.
• 🔧 To calculate the tangential stress, the script suggests analyzing the bar by cutting it through any section and considering the equilibrium of forces.
• 📉 Tangential stress follows a linear behavior from the center to the surface, similar to shear deformation, and is maximum at the surface.
• ⚖️ The integral calculation of the tangential stress over a differential element leads to the concept of the polar moment of inertia, which describes the resistance of a section to torsion.
• 📚 The script deduces the value of the angle of twist as a function of the applied torque, bar length, transverse elasticity modulus, and polar moment of inertia.
• 🚫 The deductions made in the script are limited to bars with circular geometry; other shapes would complicate the calculations due to section deformation.

Q & A

What is torsional effort and where is it commonly found?

Torsional effort, also known as torque, is the force that causes rotation around an axis. It is commonly found in the transmission mechanisms of vehicles, in electrical power generation systems, and in various other real-life constructions and applications.

Can you describe the example given in the script to explain torsional effort?

The script uses the example of a circular cross-section bar that has two moments of rotation applied at its ends, in opposite directions along its longitudinal axis. This is known as a torsional moment or torque, which causes the bar to rotate or twist around its axis.

What is the term used for the angle that represents how much a section has rotated due to torsion?

The angle that represents how much a section has rotated due to torsion is called the torsion angle.

How does the torsional effort generate deformation in the bar?

The torsional effort generates a shearing deformation, which is defined by the angle Gamma. This results in tangential stresses, as explained in the script by referring to the video on shear stress.

What is the relationship between the torsional deformation and the bar's geometry?

The torsional deformation is due to the bar's circular symmetry, which allows the different sections of the bar to rotate without changing their geometry.

How can the maximum shear deformation be calculated?

The maximum shear deformation can be calculated by considering the tangent of the torsion angle, which is equal to the distance between the initial and rotated positions of a point on the bar, divided by the length of the bar.

What is the relationship between the tangential stress and the deformation in the elastic region of a material?

In the elastic region of a material, the tangential stress is directly proportional to the deformation, following Hooke's Law, where the stress is equal to the material's transverse modulus of elasticity multiplied by the deformation.

How does the tangential stress vary across the bar's cross-section?

The tangential stress varies linearly across the bar's cross-section, being zero at the center and maximum at the outer surface.

What is the polar moment of inertia and how is it related to torsional effort?

The polar moment of inertia is a concept that describes a section's resistance to torsion. It is used in the calculation of the tangential stress resulting from the torsional effort, along with the applied torque, the bar's length, the transverse modulus of elasticity, and the torsion angle.

What limitations are there in the calculations and analysis presented in the script?

The calculations and analysis presented in the script are limited to bars with circular geometry. In other cases, torsion can cause additional deformations that complicate the calculations significantly.

What is the conclusion about the tangential stress on the bar's surface due to torsional effort?

The conclusion is that the maximum value of the tangential stress occurs on the surface of the bar due to the torsional effort, and it can be calculated using the derived equations and the polar moment of inertia.