5 Rasio Keuangan Paling Penting Bagi Investor Saham dan Cara Hitungnya

Jonathan Thamrin
25 Jun 202009:20

Summary

TLDRIn this video, the presenter discusses how reading financial statements is not enough for investors and introduces five important financial ratios for evaluating a company's health. These include Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Equity (ROE), Earnings Per Share (EPS), Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E), and Debt to Equity Ratio (D/E). The presenter explains how to calculate each ratio using a case study of a company’s 2019 financials. The conclusion is that while the company has strong fundamentals, its stock is currently overvalued. The video aims to help new investors assess whether a company is worth investing in.

Takeaways

  • 📈 The video discusses how to evaluate a company's financial health using financial ratios, which is crucial for beginner investors.
  • 💡 Net Profit Margin (NPM) is highlighted as an important ratio, measuring the percentage of net profit to net sales, with a higher percentage indicating a better financial performance.
  • 🔢 The formula for NPM is given as Net Profit Margin = Net Profit / Net Sales * 100%, and an NPM above 10% is considered good.
  • 📊 Return on Equity (ROE) measures a company's ability to generate profit from the equity invested, with a value above 15% being considered good.
  • 💹 Earnings Per Share (EPS) reflects the amount of net profit each outstanding share earns, with a higher EPS indicating a better financial performance.
  • 📉 Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio) compares a firm's share price to its EPS, with a ratio around 10 considered reasonable.
  • 💸 Debt to Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) measures a company's financial leverage, with a lower value indicating a better ability to pay off debts and a lower risk of bankruptcy.
  • 🏦 The video uses S1 Hardware's financial data from 2019 as an example to calculate these ratios, providing a practical application of the discussed concepts.
  • 📉 The calculated NPM for S1 Hardware in 2019 was 12.65%, indicating a good financial performance.
  • 📈 The calculated ROE for S1 Hardware in 2019 was 21.7%, which is very good and shows the company's strong profitability.
  • 💹 The calculated EPS for S1 Hardware in 2019 was 6006, and the P/E Ratio was 24.8, suggesting that the stock was overvalued at that time.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic of the video script?

    -The main topic of the video script is about financial ratios important for stock investors, specifically for beginners, and how to evaluate a company's financial health using these ratios.

  • What is the Net Profit Margin (NPM) and why is it important?

    -Net Profit Margin (NPM) measures the percentage of net profit compared to net sales. It is important because a higher NPM indicates a company's ability to generate profit from its sales, which is a good sign for investors.

  • How is the Net Profit Margin calculated?

    -Net Profit Margin is calculated by dividing net profit by net sales and then multiplying by 100%.

  • What does a high NPM value signify for a company?

    -A high NPM value signifies that the company is efficient at converting its sales into profits, which is a positive indicator for investors.

  • What is Return on Equity (ROE) and what does it measure?

    -Return on Equity (ROE) measures a company's ability to generate profits from the equity that has been invested by shareholders. It shows how efficiently a company is using its equity to generate earnings.

  • What is the formula for calculating Return on Equity?

    -Return on Equity is calculated by dividing net profit by equity and then multiplying by 100%.

  • Why is Earnings Per Share (EPS) significant for investors?

    -Earnings Per Share (EPS) is significant because it represents the amount of net income that each outstanding share of a company's stock represents. It helps investors understand the portion of a company's profit that they can claim.

  • How is Earnings Per Share (EPS) calculated?

    -Earnings Per Share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net profit by the number of outstanding shares.

  • What is the Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio) and how does it help in evaluating a stock?

    -The Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio) is a valuation ratio of a company's current share price compared to its per-share earnings. It helps investors determine if a stock is overvalued or undervalued.

  • How is the Price to Earnings Ratio calculated?

    -The Price to Earnings Ratio is calculated by dividing the market value per share by the earnings per share (EPS).

  • What is the Debt to Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) and why is it important?

    -The Debt to Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) measures a company's financial leverage by comparing its total liabilities to its shareholder equity. It is important because it indicates the proportion of equity and debt used to finance a company's assets.

  • How is the Debt to Equity Ratio calculated?

    -The Debt to Equity Ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by shareholder equity.

  • What does a low Debt to Equity Ratio indicate about a company?

    -A low Debt to Equity Ratio indicates that a company has less debt compared to equity, which means it has a lower risk of bankruptcy and is less leveraged.

  • What are the implications of a high P/E Ratio for investors?

    -A high P/E Ratio might indicate that a stock is overvalued or that investors expect high growth rates in the future. However, it could also mean that the market is optimistic about the company's prospects.

  • How can investors use the financial ratios discussed in the script to make investment decisions?

    -Investors can use these financial ratios to evaluate a company's profitability, financial stability, and valuation. They can compare these ratios with industry averages or competitors to make informed investment decisions.

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Stock AnalysisFinancial RatiosInvestment TipsNet Profit MarginReturn on EquityEarnings Per SharePrice to EarningsDebt to EquityInvestor GuideFinancial Education
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