Pengenalan Muhammadiyah - Kemuhammadiyahan - RUANG USTADZ

Najmuddin Saifullah

19 Jul 202004:53

Summary

TLDRThis video introduces Muhammadiyah, an Islamic movement founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in 1912 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Muhammadiyah's mission is to promote good deeds and prevent wrongdoing (Amar ma'ruf nahi munkar), guided by the teachings of Islam and the example of Prophet Muhammad. The movement was created to combat superstition, mysticism, and outdated practices while emphasizing education and religious reform. Muhammadiyah played a key role in establishing schools and promoting Islamic values. The video explains its historical context and objectives, particularly in enhancing education and eradicating harmful traditions.

Takeaways

📖 Muhammadiyah is a movement in Islam focused on promoting good and preventing evil (Amar ma'ruf nahi munkar).
👳‍♂️ It was founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, specifically in the Kauman village, near Masjid Gedhe.
📅 Muhammadiyah was established on November 18, 1912.
🏫 The purpose of Muhammadiyah is to uphold the true teachings of Islam.
📚 One of the key focuses of Muhammadiyah is education, as Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan wanted all Muslims in Indonesia to have access to schooling.
⚔️ The movement was also created to fight against shirk (idolatry), superstition, and bid'ah (religious innovations), referred to as TBC (Tahayul, Bid'ah, Khurafat).
🕌 In the early 20th century, many Indonesian Muslims were uneducated and influenced by mystical beliefs, which Muhammadiyah sought to address.
🔖 The group’s principles are grounded in the Quran, specifically drawing inspiration from Surah Ali Imran, verse 104, which emphasizes promoting good and preventing evil.
👥 Muhammadiyah formed a community of people committed to Islamic teachings and spreading goodness.
🎓 Muhammadiyah is well-known for establishing educational institutions like schools to spread Islamic knowledge and promote education.

Q & A

What is the meaning of the term 'Muhammadiyah'?
-Muhammadiyah comes from two words: 'Muhammad,' which refers to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and 'iyah,' which means 'followers.' Therefore, 'Muhammadiyah' means 'followers of Prophet Muhammad.'
Who founded Muhammadiyah and why?
-Muhammadiyah was founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan with the purpose of promoting the true teachings of Islam and implementing the principles of 'Amar ma'ruf nahi munkar,' which means promoting good and preventing evil.
Where and when was Muhammadiyah established?
-Muhammadiyah was established in Yogyakarta, specifically in Kampung Kauman, on November 18, 1912.
What were some of the issues Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan aimed to address when founding Muhammadiyah?
-Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan aimed to address the lack of education among Indonesian Muslims, the influence of mysticism, and practices considered to be shirk (polytheism), such as visiting shamans and offering tributes to trees.
What role does education play in Muhammadiyah’s mission?
-Education plays a significant role in Muhammadiyah’s mission. Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan wanted all Muslims and Indonesians to have access to education, leading him to establish schools as part of Muhammadiyah's activities.
What is the significance of the location Kampung Kauman in the history of Muhammadiyah?
-Kampung Kauman in Yogyakarta is significant because it is where Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan lived and where he founded Muhammadiyah, close to the Masjid Gedhe, a large mosque in the area.
What is the main goal of Muhammadiyah as a movement?
-The main goal of Muhammadiyah is to uphold the true teachings of Islam through promoting good and preventing evil, as per the concept of 'Amar ma'ruf nahi munkar,' and to combat superstition and un-Islamic practices.
Which verse from the Qur'an inspired Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in the formation of Muhammadiyah?
-Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan was inspired by Surah Al-Imran, verse 104, which emphasizes the importance of having a group of people calling for good and forbidding evil.
What were some of the superstitions and un-Islamic practices that Muhammadiyah aimed to eradicate?
-Muhammadiyah aimed to eradicate practices such as visiting shamans, giving offerings to trees, and believing in mystical or superstitious practices, which were considered shirk (polytheism).
What does the acronym 'TBC' stand for in the context of Muhammadiyah?
-'TBC' stands for 'Tahayul' (superstition), 'Bid'ah' (innovation in religious matters), and 'Khurafat' (myth or false beliefs), which Muhammadiyah aimed to eliminate.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Muhammadiyah and its Origin

The speaker begins with a warm greeting and introduces the topic of the video, which is about Muhammadiyah. The organization derives its name from 'Muhammad,' meaning the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and 'iyah,' meaning followers. Thus, Muhammadiyah refers to the followers of Prophet Muhammad. The speaker emphasizes that the viewers, being students of Muhammadiyah schools, should understand the background and significance of the organization.

🏛️ The Purpose and Founding of Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is described as an Islamic movement focused on promoting good (Amar ma’ruf) and preventing evil (nahi munkar). It was founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta, specifically in Kauman village, near the Gedhe Mosque. The speaker explains that the primary aim of Muhammadiyah is to uphold true Islam and ensure its proper practice. The date of its establishment is November 18, 1912.

📅 The Need for Muhammadiyah’s Establishment

Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan founded Muhammadiyah to create a group dedicated to enforcing the principles of Amar ma’ruf nahi munkar. The group's purpose was to encourage good deeds and prevent sinful actions, as outlined in Surah Ali Imran, verse 104. The speaker highlights this verse, encouraging listeners to recite and reflect upon it, as it was a significant inspiration for Dahlan’s vision for Muhammadiyah.

📜 Addressing the Social and Educational Issues of the Time

During the early 20th century, Indonesian Muslims were lagging in education. Only the elite, such as the children of officials or Dutch people, had access to schooling. Ahmad Dahlan sought to address this issue by promoting education for all Muslims. Additionally, he aimed to combat superstitions and mysticism prevalent at the time, such as visiting shamans and practicing idolatrous rituals like offering sacrifices to trees. These practices were seen as shirk, or associating partners with God, which Dahlan sought to eliminate through Muhammadiyah.

🏫 The Fight Against Superstition and Educational Reform

One of the major goals of Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan was to purify the faith of Muslims by fighting against TBC (tahayul, bid’ah, and khurafat—superstition, heresy, and myths). He believed that by eliminating these wrong practices, Muslims could return to true monotheism. In the field of education, Dahlan was determined to ensure that all Muslims had access to schooling, and thus Muhammadiyah began establishing schools to educate the Muslim population in Indonesia.

👩‍🏫 Muhammadiyah's Contributions to Education and Society

The video concludes by mentioning the various philanthropic activities of Muhammadiyah, particularly its role in establishing educational institutions, such as Muhammadiyah schools. These institutions have played a significant role in shaping the modern Muslim society in Indonesia by providing access to quality education for Muslims. The speaker wraps up the explanation and expresses gratitude to the audience.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is an Islamic movement founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in 1912 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The term derives from 'Muhammad,' referring to the Prophet Muhammad, and 'iyah,' meaning 'followers,' indicating that Muhammadiyah refers to the followers of Prophet Muhammad. The movement's core objective is to uphold Islamic values and reform religious practices, especially by promoting education and combating superstitions like mysticism and idolatry.

💡Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan

Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan is the founder of Muhammadiyah, and he played a crucial role in the Islamic reform movement in Indonesia. His goal was to promote Islamic teachings, strengthen faith through the principle of tauhid (monotheism), and advance the education of Muslims. He established Muhammadiyah to fight against practices like shirk (idolatry) and bida’ah (innovation in religion) and encourage modern education for Muslims, which was previously limited to certain elites.

💡Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar

Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar is an Islamic principle that means enjoining good and forbidding evil. This concept is central to Muhammadiyah’s mission as it seeks to encourage righteousness and discourage wrongdoings in society. In the video, the principle is connected to Muhammadiyah's efforts to promote moral behavior in accordance with Islamic teachings, drawing from the Quranic verse cited in the script.

💡TBC (Tahayul, Bid'ah, Khurafat)

TBC stands for 'Tahayul' (superstition), 'Bid'ah' (innovation in religion), and 'Khurafat' (myths or false beliefs). Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan sought to eliminate these practices, which were common among Indonesian Muslims during his time. By founding Muhammadiyah, he aimed to reinforce pure Islamic teachings and rid the community of beliefs that conflicted with Islamic monotheism.

💡Tauhid

Tauhid refers to the concept of monotheism in Islam, the belief in the oneness of Allah. In the video, it is mentioned that one of Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan’s missions was to uphold the doctrine of tauhid by combating superstitions and practices like seeking help from spirits or making offerings to trees. This was a key motivation for founding Muhammadiyah, which emphasized the need for pure Islamic faith and practice.

💡Kauman, Yogyakarta

Kauman is a district in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, where Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan founded Muhammadiyah. The script explains that Kauman is near the Great Mosque (Masjid Gedhe) of Yogyakarta. This place holds historical significance as it is where Ahmad Dahlan lived and started his efforts to reform Islam in Indonesia, marking it as an important location for the Muhammadiyah movement.

💡Education

Education is a key focus of Muhammadiyah, as Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan believed in the importance of educating all Muslims, regardless of social class. The video highlights how, in the past, education was mainly available to the Dutch or elite classes. Ahmad Dahlan founded schools to provide better educational opportunities for the broader Muslim population, an integral part of Muhammadiyah’s efforts to advance Islamic society.

💡Surat Ali Imran Ayat 104

This Quranic verse (Ali Imran: 104) speaks about the importance of a community that promotes good and discourages evil, which aligns with the mission of Muhammadiyah. The verse is quoted in the script to explain why Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan formed the movement, as it reflects the Islamic call to action for establishing a righteous society by advocating good behavior and rejecting wrongdoing.

💡Syirik (Shirk)

Syirik, or shirk, refers to the sin of idolatry or associating partners with Allah in Islam. Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan sought to combat syirik in the Muslim community, as people were often involved in practices like consulting shamans or making offerings to spirits. Muhammadiyah’s goal was to reinforce pure monotheism (tauhid) by eradicating these practices.

💡Dakwah

Dakwah is the act of inviting others to Islam and spreading its teachings. The script emphasizes that Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan founded Muhammadiyah to collectively conduct dakwah, encouraging the community to engage in religious outreach and promote Islamic values. Muhammadiyah serves as a platform for spreading Islamic knowledge and reforms based on the principles of Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of Muhammadiyah as followers of Prophet Muhammad.

Explanation that Muhammadiyah was founded by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta.

The purpose of Muhammadiyah is to uphold Islam through Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar (enjoining good and forbidding wrong).

Muhammadiyah was established in Kampung Kauman, near the Gedhe Mosque in Yogyakarta.

Muhammadiyah was officially founded on November 18, 1912.

Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan's motivation was to create a group dedicated to promoting good and preventing evil, based on Quran Surah Ali Imran verse 104.

He aimed to address the backwardness of Muslims in education and combat superstitions, such as visiting shamans and offering sacrifices to trees.

Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan emphasized the need to combat shirk, innovation, and superstition, often abbreviated as 'TBC' (tahayul, bid’ah, khurafat).

Muhammadiyah focused on improving education for all, breaking the colonial-era limitations that restricted schooling to the elite and Dutch descendants.

The movement also aimed to revive and strengthen the concept of Islamic monotheism (tauhid).

In addition to religious teachings, Muhammadiyah began to establish schools to ensure broad educational access.

Muhammadiyah’s foundational mission was to combine religious reform with educational reform.

The transcript highlights the historical context in which Muhammadiyah was founded, including the social and spiritual challenges faced by Indonesian Muslims.

One of Muhammadiyah's significant contributions is its vast network of educational institutions, including schools.

Closing remarks stress the importance of understanding the roots and mission of Muhammadiyah for students attending its schools today.