ASP.NET CORE Authentication & Authorization Flow | ASP.NET Core Identity Series | Episode #2
Summary
TLDRThe video explains the process of authentication and authorization in web applications. It describes how a user interacts with a login page, submits credentials, and how the server verifies these credentials against a data store. Upon successful verification, a security context is generated, serialized into a cookie, and sent back to the browser. Each subsequent request carries this cookie, which the server decrypts to authenticate the user again. The video also clarifies that authentication verifies identity, while authorization checks if the user has permission to access certain resources.
Takeaways
- 🔐 **User Interaction**: The process begins with a user entering credentials on a login page.
- 🌐 **HTTP Request**: The entered credentials are sent to the server via an HTTP request.
- 🔍 **Verification Against Data Store**: The server verifies the credentials against a user data store, typically a database.
- 🆔 **Identity Verification**: If the credentials are correct, the server retrieves the user's identity information.
- 🛡️ **Security Context Generation**: The identity information is used to create a security context.
- 🍪 **Cookie Serialization**: The security context is serialized into a cookie, which is a piece of data stored in HTTP headers.
- 🔒 **Cookie's Domain Restriction**: Cookies are restricted to the same domain for security reasons, preventing cross-domain sharing.
- 🔄 **Subsequent Requests with Cookies**: Every subsequent HTTP request includes the cookie for authentication purposes.
- 🔑 **Cookie Decryption and Deserialization**: The server decrypts and deserializes the cookie to verify user authentication.
- ✅ **Authorization Check**: Once authenticated, the server checks if the user is authorized to access the requested information.
- 📄 **Data Delivery**: If authorized, the server returns the appropriate response containing the required data.
Q & A
What is the primary focus of the video?
-The video primarily focuses on explaining the process of authentication and authorization in web applications in more detail than the previous video.
What is the first step a user takes to access a web page that requires login?
-The first step a user takes is to enter their credentials into the login page through the browser.
How is the user's credentials sent to the server?
-The user's credentials are sent to the server as part of an HTTP request.
What does the server do upon receiving the credentials?
-Upon receiving the credentials, the server verifies them against a user store, typically a database, to ensure they are correct.
Why is a database symbol used in the explanation?
-A database symbol is used to represent the data store where user information is stored, against which the credentials are verified.
What is the purpose of generating a security context after verification?
-The purpose of generating a security context is to establish the identity of the user and prepare it for serialization into a cookie.
What is a cookie in the context of web applications?
-A cookie is a piece of information stored in the header of HTTP requests and responses that is carried between the browser and the web server, and is specific to the same domain.
Why is the authentication process repeated after the initial login?
-The authentication process is repeated to verify the user's identity with each subsequent request by deserializing the security context from the cookie.
How does the server know if the user is logged in?
-The server knows if the user is logged in by deserializing the security context from the cookie, which indicates the user's authentication status.
What is the difference between authentication and authorization as explained in the video?
-Authentication is the process of verifying the user's identity, while authorization is the process of determining whether the authenticated user has access to the requested information or page.
What happens if the user is authorized to access the requested information?
-If the user is authorized, the web server returns the appropriate response containing the HTML and data required by the user.
Outlines
🔐 Web Application Security: Authentication Flow
This paragraph explains the process of user authentication in a web application. It begins with a user attempting to access a web page that requires login. The user enters credentials through a browser, which are then sent to the server via an HTTP request. The server receives these credentials and verifies them against a user store, typically a database. If the credentials are correct, the server generates a security context using the user's identity information. This security context is then serialized into a cookie, which is a piece of information stored in the HTTP request and response headers that is exchanged between the browser and the server. The cookie is domain-specific, ensuring security by not being shared across different web servers. The authentication process includes verifying the user's identity and generating the security context, which is then sent back to the browser in a serialized form as a cookie. Each subsequent HTTP request made by the browser will include this cookie, allowing the server to deserialize the security context and authenticate the user for access to the requested resources.
🔐 Web Application Security: Authentication and Authorization
The second paragraph delves into the concepts of authentication and authorization within web application security. Authentication is defined as the process of confirming a user's identity, which in this context is done by decrypting and deserializing a cookie stored in the browser. The security context, once obtained from the cookie, helps determine if the user is authenticated. Following authentication, authorization comes into play, which is the step that decides whether the authenticated user has the necessary permissions to access the requested information or page. The paragraph emphasizes that while authentication is about verifying who the user is, authorization is about determining what they are allowed to do. The process concludes with the server returning the appropriate response containing HTML and data if the user is both authenticated and authorized.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Web Application Security
💡HTTP Request
💡Server
💡User Store
💡Security Context
💡Cookie
💡Authentication
💡Authorization
💡Credentials
💡Data Store
💡Encryption
Highlights
The video discusses security in web applications with a focus on user authentication and authorization.
The user accesses a login page to enter credentials for secure information access.
Credentials are sent to the server via an HTTP request.
The server verifies credentials against a user store, typically a database.
Verification process is represented by a rectangle in the flow diagram.
If credentials are correct, identity information is used to generate a security context.
Security context is represented by a second rectangle in the flow diagram.
The security context is serialized into a cookie for storage and transmission.
Cookies are pieces of information stored in the HTTP request and response headers.
Cookies are limited to sharing within the same domain due to security reasons.
The authentication process involves verifying the user and generating a security context.
The authentication process also includes deserializing the security context from the cookie.
Authorization follows authentication to determine access rights to information or pages.
The video emphasizes that both authentication and authorization are crucial for secure web application access.
Decrypting and deserializing the cookie is part of the ongoing authentication process.
The security context, contained in the HTTP context object, determines user authorization.
The video concludes by explaining the conceptual simplicity of authorization compared to authentication.
Transcripts
in the previous video i covered a little
bit about
security in web application in this
video i want to cover
still on high level but i want to
provide a little bit more detail
in terms of the flow so if
we have a user here trying to access a
web page
right let's imagine this login page is
already loaded
because the the user wants to access
some information that requires uh
login right so the user would interact
with
this browser to enter the the
credentials
right so once the credential is entered
a http request and then it's sent to the
to the server okay so let's use this
arrow to
represent the http request that is sent
to the server
when the server receives the credentials
from the http request body
it's going to then verify against
a user store to make sure the
credentials
are correct why do i draw
a database symbol here that's because
the user information is stored
usually in the data store right so
the credentials need to be verified
against the user's
data store right so this part this step
will happen and if the verification is
completed correctly that means the
credentials are correct the identity
will come back
the identity information will be used to
generate
the security context so let's use this
rectangle to represent this verification
process
verify credentials
and then we're going to use this second
rectangle to represent the process
of generating the security
context so after the verification
the identities will be pulled into
the web server and store those
identities in the security context and
then serialize that
into a cookie if you're not very
familiar with the concept of cookie
i just want to add a little bit
information here a cookie can
be considered as a piece of information
that is
stored in the header of the http request
and http response right that information
is
going to be carried back and forth
between the browser and the web server
and there is a feature
with this piece of information because
in the header you can contain
lots of information but the cookie is a
special type of information
because it can only be shared within the
same
domain right you cannot
uh send a request to a different web
server
that carries the same cookie because
because there is
a security problems all right let's go
back to this
authentication and authorization flow so
let's imagine this is a cookie a normal
cookie authentication which is very
suitable for this
application right so then this
serialized cookie will be contained in
the http response
and then will be returned back
to the to the browser the browser
will then redirect the user
to a different
page right and including that
redirection
every single subsequent http request
will contain that cookie right so let's
use another arrow
to represent one of the subsequent
requests and then this rectangle
will represent the authentication
process so you may ask why this is
authentication where this
is already the verification process is
already
authentication right so yes this
part this whole part here the both of
the
these rectangles are part of
authentication
right uh to verify the user is
who they say they are and then generate
the security context
serialize that into a cookie sends that
back
to the browser so this is all
authentication process
why would we have this authentication
process again well here
we have it in the cookie right we have
these security contacts in the cookie
uh the the web server will have to
deserialize that into the security
context
and then the the web server will
actually know whether the user is is
actually logged in or not
right so this part of deserializing uh
the security context from the cookie
is also part of authentication right so
so basically
in one statement authentication is the
process
to know who you are okay so
because the security context is already
stored in the cookie
so in order to know at this step in
order to know who you are
it only needs to decrypt that cookie and
deserialize that cookie
because the cookie is encrypted so once
those happens immediately we know
whether the user is authenticated
or not so this is still the
authentication
process where we decrypt the cookie we
deserialize the cookie to get the
security context
and then once we have the security
context
which is actually contained in the http
context object
right once we have that information then
we can tell whether
the user is authorized
to access the information or the page
it wants to see right so that's the
second step which is
authorized authorization okay so
authorization
will happen right afterwards
and then and then if everything is okay
then the web server will decide to
return the proper response that contains
the
html and all of the data that the user
requires
from this video i wanted to show you
that
both these steps as well as these
are part of authentication
and then the authorization process is
relatively
simpler from at least conceptual level
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