4.Textos, intertextualidad y lecturas
Summary
TLDRThe script discusses the dual meaning of words, highlighting the dichotomy between denotative and connotative aspects. Denotation refers to the objective, socially accepted meaning, while connotation involves subjective interpretations. It uses the example of 'dawn' to illustrate how a word can have a literal meaning (start of day) and a personal, implied meaning (hope after a pandemic). The script also touches on intertextuality, the dialogue between texts, and how readers engage with texts beyond memorization, encouraging comparisons and connections across different works and genres.
Takeaways
- 📚 The word 'word' can have two meanings, reflecting a dichotomy similar to a coin with two sides.
- 🌐 The denotative aspect of a word is its objective meaning accepted by a broad society, facilitating communication without subjective interpretation.
- 👤 The connotative aspect of a word is subjective and personal, not part of a social construct, and requires inference by the individual.
- 🌅 An example given is the word 'dawn', which denotatively means the start of a day, but connotatively could imply hope for a better life post-pandemic.
- 🔍 The process of intertextuality is important for reading with full consciousness, involving dialogues between multiple texts.
- 📖 When reading, one should not just memorize but also engage in dialogues with other texts to find similarities and differences.
- 🎭 Intertextuality can be applied across different genres, comparing novels to plays, songs, or artworks.
- ✍️ Expert readers can compare texts chronologically, relating the timing of their creation to the historical context and the author's life.
- 🤔 Reading is a mental process that requires concentration and internal dialogue with oneself, as well as with the author.
- 📝 The way texts are read varies; understanding the type of text is crucial for proper interpretation and engagement.
Q & A
What does the word 'dicotomía' mean in the context of the script?
-In the context of the script, 'dicotomía' refers to the division of a concept into two parts or aspects, similar to how a coin has two sides. It is used to describe the dual nature of the word, having both a denotative and connotative meaning.
What is the denotative meaning of a word according to the script?
-The denotative meaning of a word is the objective or explicit meaning that is accepted by a broad society. It does not require any subjectivity from the speaker or listener and is a shared understanding that allows communication.
Can you provide an example from the script of a denotative description?
-Yes, an example from the script is describing a person as 'tall' or 'wearing a blue shirt'. These are objective characteristics that are part of the denotative meaning.
What is the connotative meaning of a word as explained in the script?
-The connotative meaning of a word is subjective and implicit. It is the personal interpretation or emotional association that an individual gives to a word, which is not part of a social construct.
How does the script use the example of 'amanecer' to explain connotative meaning?
-The script uses 'amanecer' (dawn) as an example by stating that while its denotative meaning is the beginning of a day, its connotative meaning could imply hope for a better life, especially when used in the context of 'after the pandemic'.
What is intertextuality as discussed in the script?
-Intertextuality is the dialogue or interaction between different texts. It involves reading with full consciousness, allowing for comparisons and dialogues between texts, and finding similarities or differences.
How does the script relate intertextuality to the reading of 'El amor en los tiempos del cólera'?
-The script suggests that while reading 'El amor en los tiempos del cólera' by Gabriel García Márquez, one might draw comparisons or start a dialogue with other works, such as 'One Thousand and One Nights', to find similarities or differences.
What is the importance of intertextuality in the reading process according to the script?
-Intertextuality is important because it allows for a deeper understanding of texts by encouraging readers to engage in a mental dialogue with the author and with other texts, enhancing comprehension and interpretation.
How does the script suggest that readers should approach texts?
-The script suggests that readers should approach texts with concentration and engage in internal dialogue, not just with the author but also with themselves, to understand the different layers of meaning.
What does the script imply about the variability of reading experiences?
-The script implies that reading experiences are not uniform; they depend on the reader's understanding and treatment of the text, which can vary based on the type of text and the reader's personal associations.
How does the script connect the concept of 'connotative' meaning to individual experiences?
-The script connects the connotative meaning to individual experiences by stating that the meaning an individual assigns to a word is personal and not part of a social construct, requiring inference and personal interpretation.
Outlines
📜 The Dichotomy of Word Meanings
This paragraph discusses the concept of words having two meanings, denotative and connotative. Denotative meaning refers to the objective, generally accepted definition of a word within society, which facilitates communication without requiring subjective interpretation. Examples given include descriptions of a person's appearance or occupation. On the other hand, connotative meaning is subjective and personal, not part of a social construct, and requires inference by the individual. An example is using the word 'dawn' to imply hope for a better life post-pandemic, beyond its literal dictionary definition. The paragraph also touches on intertextuality, which is the dialogue between different texts, allowing for comparisons and the discovery of similarities or differences.
📚 Reading as a Mental Dialogue
The second paragraph emphasizes the mental processes involved in reading, requiring concentration and internal dialogue. It highlights the importance of understanding the context of a text, such as its historical period and the author's background, to properly interpret it. The paragraph suggests that reading is not just about memorization but also about engaging in a dialogue with the author and oneself. It also mentions the possibility of comparing texts chronologically and thematically, noting how an author's work might differ or align with others based on the time it was written and the era in which the author lived.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Dicotomía
💡Denotative
💡Connotative
💡Intertextuality
💡Implicit
💡Subjectivity
💡Objectivity
💡Inference
💡Communication
💡Language
💡Reading
Highlights
The word 'word' can have two meanings, highlighting the concept of linguistic duality.
Introduction of the term 'dichotomous' to describe words with two aspects.
Explanation of 'denotation' as the accepted meaning within a broad society, emphasizing objectivity and explicit language.
Discussion on how denotation allows for communication without subjective interpretation.
Example of denotation in describing a person's height or the color of their shirt.
Introduction of 'connotation' as the subjective meaning of a word, unique to an individual.
Explanation of connotation as implicit and requiring personal inference.
Example given of how 'dawn' can have a connotative meaning of hope post-pandemic, beyond its denotative meaning.
The importance of intertextuality in the process of reading with full consciousness.
Intertextuality defined as dialogue between various texts, not just memorization.
Comparison of texts to find similarities and differences as part of intertextual analysis.
The concept of making comparisons across different genres and media for intertextual connections.
Reading as a mental process that requires concentration and internal dialogue with the text and oneself.
The necessity of understanding the type of text to apply the correct reading strategy.
Reading as a dynamic process that involves interaction with the author and introspection.
The idea that texts are not read the same way by everyone, emphasizing the subjectivity of reading.
The role of the reader's expertise in making connections and comparisons between texts.
Transcripts
para finalizar entonces quiero hablar
acerca de él
de la palabra de cómo la palabra pueden
tener dos significados
2 alternancias entonces podemos hablar
de la dicotomía de la palabra la palabra
dicotómica una dicotomía quiere decir
aquellos de aquellos dos aspectos que
hacen parte de un objeto como por
ejemplo una moneda una moneda que es un
mismo objeto puede tener dos caras con
la palabra ocurre de esta forma también
por una parte tenemos la parte la
cuestión denotativa y por el otro por la
otra cara tenemos la cuestión con nota
tiba lo denotativo es aquello que es
aquella esa que el significado que de
alguna forma es aceptado por una
sociedad amplia
entonces hablamos aquí desde la
objetividad de la palabra no todo el
mundo acepta un significado de dicha
palabra y de aquí entonces que nosotros
nos podamos comunicar esto es explícito
es esta es una forma explícita del
lenguaje en la cual no se requiere
ninguna ninguna forma de
de subjetividad por parte de quien está
hablando de que él está escuchando
y aparte también de ser explícito
nosotros lo podríamos tomar dentro de la
descripción una descripción de un lugar
o una descripción de una persona de
salud denotativo
es algo objetivo cuando decimos es una
persona
de alta es una persona que tiene una
camisa azul es una persona que tiene que
trabajar tal parte estamos hablando de
una descripción y esta descripción
entonces denotativa y tiene una
aceptación por parte de un grupo social
mientras que por la otra parte nosotros
podemos tener dentro estás
dicotomía de la palabra tenemos la
cuestión con nota ti va de sus lenguajes
subjetivos quiere decir que yo le puedo
dar una un significado a una palabra y
ese significado que yo le doy es
solamente mío no hace parte de un
constructo social
es implícito y requiere una inferencia
por parte del individuo
voy a poner entonces un ejemplo cuando
hablamos
del amanecer
si buscamos en el diccionario la palabra
amanecer entonces vamos a encontrar que
es solamente tiene un significado para
un grupo social y algo así como el
inicio de un día pero si lo hablo del
amanecer luego de la pandemia entonces
podría estar dándole de manera implícita
una esperanza de una vida mejor
vemos aquí son que son dos significados
distintos primero el que encontramos en
el diccionario que es denotativo que
pertenece a una construcción social y
por el otro lado con nota tivo que le
doy yo que esa
ese significado y que pertenece a un
registro individual
cuando nosotros hacemos lecturas también
podemos hablar o también podemos hacer
intertextualidades
[Música]
en este proceso de intertextualidad es
bien importante cuando nosotros queremos
leer con plena conciencia
en otras palabras el ínter texto es ese
diálogo que hay entre varios textos no
leemos solamente como si fuera una
palabra sagrada no leemos solamente para
memorizar sino que leemos también para
permitir esos diálogos con otros textos
entonces cuando estoy leyendo
supongamos
el amor en los tiempos del cólera de
gabriel garcía márquez y hay una parte
que se me parece a otra obra digámoslo
de pronto las mil y una noches
entonces yo empiezo a hacer
yo empiezo a hacer comparaciones empiezo
a hacer diálogos y empiezo a hallar esas
similitudes que hay entre estos dos
textos similitudes y pero también pueden
ser por ejemplo en diferencias el summa
cuando yo empiezo a comparar a sopesar
dos textos o más textos entonces estoy
haciendo intertextualidad
podríamos entonces aceptar en
comparaciones de rotativas
con nota tibás y equivalencias
lingüísticas este texto se me parece a
este texto esta película se me parece a
esta obra de teatro esta obra de teatro
se me parece a esta esta canción
o eso esta obra de arte etcétera
entonces no solamente lo hacemos entre
los mismos géneros sino que también lo
podemos hacer incluso con conversaciones
de la cotidianidad
si somos de pronto un poco un poco más
expertos entonces ya a partir de estos
textos podemos empezar a compararlos de
manera cronológica que está ocurriendo
en la historia cuando se escribió esta
abuela y por qué eso lo hace diferente o
lo hace similar a esta otra novela en
relación con la época en la que nació el
autor con la que fue la época en la que
se escribió
dicha obra
en suma
en los procesos de lectura son procesos
mentales que requieren concentración por
parte del lector y que más allá de la
concentración requiere diálogo no
solamente con el autor sino diálogo
interno diálogo con nosotros mismos a sí
mismo
los textos no se leen de la misma manera
sino que yo debo saber qué tipo de texto
es para darle un determinado tratamiento
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