Wisdom of Islamic Finance: Rethinking Our Economic System

Almir Colan
2 Sept 202415:40

Summary

TLDRDans cette vidéo, l'animateur aborde le fonctionnement des banques islamiques et comment elles génèrent des profits, en contrastant avec les méthodes traditionnelles. Il utilise une histoire pour illustrer les principes de la finance islamique, où l'argent doit être lié à des actifs réels pour générer des profits, au lieu d'être utilisé comme une marchandise à vendre. Cette approche favorise une économie axée sur la production et la valeur réelle, plutôt que sur la spéculation financière. L'animateur encourage à repenser l'économie pour promouvoir l'intégrité économique et une vie meilleure pour tous.

Takeaways

  • 🏦 L'islamique bancaire est basée sur le principe que l'argent doit être utilisé comme un moyen d'échange et de faciliter les transactions, plutôt que d'être considéré comme une marchandise à vendre pour générer des profits.
  • 🌳 Une histoire illustre que l'utilisation inappropriée de l'argent, comme le brûler pour faire du feu, est comparée à l'utilisation incorrecte de l'argent dans les transactions financières.
  • 🚫 L'islamique bancaire interdit le gain illégitime provenant du prêt d'argent, en contraste avec les banques conventionnelles qui vendent de l'argent et attendent plus d'argent en retour.
  • 🏠 Dans une banque islamique, un prêt immobilier n'est pas un contrat de prêt d'argent, mais plutôt un contrat de vente ou de location de la propriété elle-même.
  • 💰 L'intérêt n'est pas la seule forme de profit interdite dans l'islamique bancaire; toute forme de gain provenant du prêt d'argent est considérée comme non conforme.
  • 🔗 Les banques islamiques doivent être liées à l'économie réelle en investissant dans des actifs réels pour générer des profits, ce qui les rend moins susceptibles de créer des bulles spéculatives.
  • 🌐 L'économie financière détachée de l'économie réelle peut conduire à une croissance non durable et à une augmentation des risques, comme le montre la crise financière mondiale.
  • 💵 L'utilisation excessive de l'endettement et de la création de dettes peut entraîner une inflation artificielle et une augmentation des prix des biens et services.
  • 🔄 L'islamique bancaire vise à promouvoir une économie axée sur le travail acharné, le risque et la récompense, plutôt que de favoriser une économie basée sur la spéculation et la dette.
  • 🌱 L'islamique bancaire encourage une vision du monde axée sur la sagesse divine, la consommation responsable et la création d'une société axée sur les valeurs durables et éthiques.

Q & A

  • Comment les banques islamiques gagnent-elles de l'argent?

    -Les banques islamiques gagnent de l'argent en investissant dans des actifs réels et en participant aux risques et récompenses associés à ces actifs, au lieu de prêter de l'argent et d'exiger des intérêts.

  • Quelle est la différence fondamentale entre les banques conventionnelles et les banques islamiques?

    -Les banques conventionnelles peuvent prêter de l'argent et en recevoir plus tard, ce qui est interdit en islam. Les banques islamiques doivent lier leurs transactions à des actifs réels pour générer des profits.

  • Pourquoi l'argent ne doit-il pas être utilisé comme un bien vendu en islam?

    -Selon l'islam, l'argent est un moyen d'échange et non un bien en soi. Il ne doit pas être utilisé comme un produit pour générer des profits, mais plutôt pour faciliter les échanges et les transactions.

  • Quelle est l'histoire racontée dans le script pour illustrer les principes de la finance islamique?

    -L'histoire parle d'un père et d'un fils qui vont en pique-nique et se retrouvent avec de l'argent séché après une averse. Le fils utilise l'argent pour allumer un feu pour faire du thé, ce qui illustre l'utilisation incorrecte de l'argent selon les principes islamiques.

  • Comment les banques islamiques différencient-elles leurs produits des produits des banques conventionnelles?

    -Les banques islamiques offrent des produits qui sont structurés pour être liés à des actifs réels, tels que des maisons ou des biens d'entreprise, plutôt que de simples prêts d'argent.

  • Pourquoi les intérêts sont-ils interdits en islam?

    -Les intérêts sont interdits en islam car ils représentent un profit injustifié basé sur le prêt d'argent, et non sur la participation aux risques et récompenses liés à des actifs réels.

  • Comment les banques islamiques peuvent-elles faire des profits sans recourir aux intérêts?

    -Les banques islamiques peuvent faire des profits en investissant dans des actifs, en prenant part aux bénéfices et aux pertes, et en offrant des services financiers qui sont directement liés aux transactions réelles.

  • Quels sont les défis que les banques islamiques rencontrent lorsqu'elles s'efforcent de se conformer aux principes islamiques?

    -Les défis incluent la nécessité de trouver des méthodes de financement qui ne sont pas basées sur les intérêts, de lier leurs opérations à des actifs réels, et de s'assurer que toutes les transactions sont conformes aux lois de l'islam.

  • Quelle est la vision de l'économie que promeut la finance islamique?

    -La finance islamique promeut une vision de l'économie axée sur le travail acharné, la prise de risques et la récompense associées à la possession et à la gestion d'actifs réels, plutôt que sur la spéculation et le gain de l'argent pour l'argent.

  • Comment la finance islamique peut-elle influencer la structure de l'économie globale?

    -La finance islamique peut influencer l'économie globale en encourageant une plus grande intégration entre la finance et l'économie réelle, en réduisant la spéculation et en favorisant une croissance économique plus équilibrée et durable.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to Islamic Banking

Le présentateur accueille le public et introduit le sujet de la vidéo, qui porte sur la manière dont les banques islamiques ou les institutions financières islamiques gagnent de l'argent. Il suggère de préparer un café ou un thé pour assister à la discussion, qui se déroule dans un café. Il partage une anecdote pour illustrer les principes fondamentaux de la finance islamique, en expliquant que l'argent doit être utilisé comme un moyen d'échange et non comme un produit à vendre ou à louer. La vidéo met en contraste les méthodes de financement des banques conventionnelles et des banques islamiques, soulignant que dans la finance islamique, l'argent doit être lié à des actifs réels pour générer des profits.

05:02

🏦 Différences entre les banques conventionnelles et islamiques

Le présentateur explique que les banques conventionnelles peuvent prêter de l'argent et s'attendre à recevoir plus d'argent en retour, ce qui est considéré comme une pratique non conforme à la finance islamique. Dans un système islamique, les banques doivent acheter des actifs réels, comme une maison, puis les louer ou les vendre au client. Il est important de noter que, bien que les intérêts soient interdits, les profits liés aux transactions commerciales sont autorisés. La vidéo souligne que les banques islamiques doivent être impliquées dans l'économie réelle et ne pas se contenter de simples transactions monétaires, ce qui les distingue des banques conventionnelles.

10:03

🌐 Impact de la finance sur l'économie réelle

Le présentateur discute des conséquences de la financiarisation de l'économie, où l'accent est mis sur la création de profits à partir du mouvement de l'argent plutôt que de la production de biens et services réels. Il mentionne que cela peut conduire à une économie synthétique, où les investisseurs et les banques sont déconnectés des activités réelles et où les profits ne sont pas liés à la valeur ou au travail réel. Il souligne que cela peut entraîner une augmentation des prix et une diminution de la valeur du travail et de la production, car les gens sont incités à chercher des moyens faciles de gagner de l'argent plutôt que de se concentrer sur la création de valeur réelle.

15:05

🙏 Vers une économie axée sur les principes islamiques

Le présentateur conclut en appelant à un retour aux principes fondamentaux de la finance islamique, qui encouragent la connexion avec l'économie réelle et la récompense du travail et de la production de biens et services réels. Il suggère que cela pourrait aider à restaurer l'intégrité économique et à construire un système financier plus sain et centrée sur les valeurs divines, qui récompense les choses qui devraient l'être et ne favorise pas les activités nuisibles à la société.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Banque islamique

Une banque islamique est une institution financière qui opère conformément aux principes de la charia, l'ensemble des lois islamiques. Dans le script, l'auteur explique que les banques islamiques font des affaires de manière différente des banques conventionnelles, en utilisant l'argent comme un bien-fondé plutôt que comme un produit à vendre pour générer des profits.

💡Finance islamique

La finance islamique est un système financier basé sur les principes religieux islamiques, interdisant notamment l'intérêt et exigeant que les transactions financières soient liées à des actifs réels et productifs. Dans le script, l'auteur utilise l'histoire pour illustrer comment la finance islamique est centrée sur la valeur réelle et le commerce, contrairement au système financier conventionnel.

💡Intérêt

L'intérêt est un coût pour l'emprunt d'argent et est interdit dans l'islam. Dans le script, l'auteur mentionne que l'interdiction de l'intérêt dans la finance islamique signifie que les profits ne peuvent pas être basés sur le simple prêt d'argent, mais doivent être liés à des transactions avec des actifs réels.

💡Actifs réels

Les actifs réels font référence aux biens physiques ou aux droits de propriété qui ont une valeur intrinsèque et sont liés à des activités économiques réelles. Dans le script, l'auteur souligne l'importance pour les banques islamiques de lier les transactions financières à des actifs réels pour assurer une croissance économique saine.

💡Économie synthétique

L'économie synthétique est un terme utilisé pour décrire une économie basée sur des produits financiers dérivés et des transactions spéculatives, souvent détachée de la valeur réelle et de l'économie réelle. Dans le script, l'auteur critique l'économie synthétique pour sa tendance à favoriser la spéculation et la dette plutôt que la production et la valeur réelles.

💡Dette

La dette est une obligation financière contractée par une personne ou une institution pour couvrir des dépenses et est généralement remboursée avec des intérêts. Dans le script, l'auteur aborde la dette comme un problème majeur dans les économies financières, car elle peut entraîner une croissance non soutenue et une dépendance à l'endettement.

💡Marché financier

Le marché financier est un ensemble de institutions et de marchés où les actifs financiers sont échangés, y compris les actions, les obligations et les produits dérivés. Dans le script, l'auteur critique le marché financier pour son rôle dans la création d'une économie synthétique et la promotion de la spéculation au détriment de l'économie réelle.

💡Capitalisme

Le capitalisme est un système économique dans lequel les biens de production sont détenus privéement et les transactions sont régulées principalement par les marchés. Dans le script, l'auteur compare le capitalisme à la finance islamique, soulignant comment le capitalisme peut encourager la consommation et la dette au lieu de la valeur réelle et du travail acharné.

💡Sharia

La charia est le droit islamique qui régit de nombreux aspects de la vie des musulmans, y compris les affaires et les finances. Dans le script, l'auteur mentionne la charia comme le cadre de référence pour les pratiques financières dans les banques islamiques, interdisant notamment l'intérêt et exigeant une connexion aux actifs réels.

💡Économie réelle

L'économie réelle fait référence à l'activité économique qui est directement liée à la production de biens et de services, contrairement à l'économie financière qui est basée sur les transactions financières. Dans le script, l'auteur souligne l'importance de se reconnecter à l'économie réelle pour assurer une croissance économique durable et équitable.

Highlights

Islamic banking operates on principles distinct from conventional banking, focusing on asset-backed transactions rather than interest-based lending.

The story of a father and son illustrates the importance of money's intended use in Islamic finance, highlighting the difference between Islamic and conventional financial practices.

In Islamic finance, money must be tied to a tangible asset or commodity to generate profit, as opposed to money lending which is prohibited.

Islamic banks are required to have a stake in the transactions they facilitate, ensuring a connection to the real economy.

The concept of 'interest-free' in Islamic banking does not imply 'profit-free'; profit is legitimate when tied to real assets or services.

Islamic banks engage in real estate transactions by buying and selling properties, instead of merely providing loans as conventional banks do.

The video discusses how financial systems that focus on money lending can lead to a synthetic economy detached from real economic activities.

Islamic banking aims to prevent the growth of a financial economy that is not linked to real assets, which can lead to economic bubbles and crises.

The video explains how linking banking to real assets can prevent the compounding effect of debt and the creation of financial products that lack real value.

Islamic finance encourages risk and reward associated with actual business activities, rather than profiting from money lending.

The video contrasts the incentivization of synthetic money-making methods with the Islamic approach, which values real economic contributions.

Islamic banking is presented as a means to restore economic integrity and build a financial system that is centered on ethical principles.

The video argues for a return to natural economic principles where profit is derived from hard work and real value creation.

Islamic finance is depicted as a system that discourages materialism and encourages a more sustainable and ethical approach to consumption and investment.

The video concludes by advocating for a financial system that rewards real economic activities and does not incentivize harmful practices.

Transcripts

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asalam alaykum and welcome back to the

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channel today we are having very

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interesting topics often requested it's

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about Islamic banking how do Islamic

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Banks or Islamic financial institutions

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make money so make yourself a nice cup

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of coffee I'm here at the cafe enjoying

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my coffee so you make your tea coffee

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whatever you like and let let's get into

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this episode

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[Music]

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so just before I posted the last YouTube

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video my daughter asked me but how do

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Islamic Banks actually make money how do

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they do things differently from

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conventional so let's start with a

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simple principle when it comes to the

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Islamic Finance I'll give you a story

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that will illustrate this point and then

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I will show you how if you understand

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this story you will understand basically

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everything or 90% of what's happening so

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the story go something like this so one

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day father and a son decided to go for a

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picnic to nice beautiful mountain and

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enjoy their time with the friends but as

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they arrived to the location it started

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to rain they they would really have a

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time to unpack and prepare themselves so

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the rain got everything wet and at that

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same time group of their friends that

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they were expecting arrived now as it is

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a custom you normally prepare some tea

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or coffee for your friends uh but now

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everything was wet you couldn't make uh

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fire so a father said to his son he says

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my dear boy why don't you figure out

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some way to make us a fire so we can

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cook some tea son thought about it he

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wanted to please his father do something

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that is good make his father proud so he

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went and looked around but he couldn't

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find anything that was dry then he

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remembered his father has got a metal

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box in the tent in a in in a in another

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box and inside that metal box there is

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some money and what he knows about the

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money is made from paper and it is in

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Secure location so it is dry it in fact

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is the only thing that is dry around

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them so he gathered the pile of that

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money he sets it on fire and soon after

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that he prepares the tea now as he was

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bringing the tea to the father and his

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friends father was very happy he was

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very proud of his son and he said to his

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guest you see how clever my boy is there

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is nothing dry around us yet he was able

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to cook us tea so the question here

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often becomes what will father do and

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how he is going to react once he learn

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the way his son prepare the tea it's

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obvious father will not be pleased now

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the question for you is is it is it

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problem beer tea or the outcome or the

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way we have arrived at that outcome so

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if we link this to the everyday business

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economy everybody wants to make money

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profit have things that that they want

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but where is the challenge challenge is

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how do we get there so specifically in

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this story what was the problem the

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problem here was not just that the sun

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didn't understand the value of money

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it's that's not the essence of the

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problem that's a mistake but the essence

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of the problem was that he used the

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money for the purpose that money was not

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supposed to be used as money as a medium

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of exchange something that help us bying

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sell has a different purpose now you

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could use it for burning it and creating

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the fire but that's not what money is

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meant to do what is meant to burn and

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create a fire is a wood charcoal things

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of that nature so to use money properly

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in this case you should go to the store

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and buy things and then use those things

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for their intended purposes so what

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Islam wants to see is that money

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performs a function to help facilitate

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the trade buying and selling and all the

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other FS they do their function in

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society now when it comes to the banking

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the what we are doing with the money

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these days is basically we are using

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money as a commodity for sale so we take

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money and then we give money to someone

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and then we expect more money this is

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the principle where two system

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conventional and Islam basically diverge

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in Islam if you want to make money money

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must become some asset some commodity

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something of value that has some benefit

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or value in itself any that is sold or

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leased or something is done that is

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useful to generate profit for the

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customer so the idea here is that

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whenever you buy and sell Commodities

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you are linking yourself with the

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productive purposes with the real assets

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whenever you are trading money for money

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you are basically unlinking yourself

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from the real economy you are letting

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Financial economy grow one system then

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incentivizes

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work and production in a real economy

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where other system will basically

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incentivize the growth of money and this

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is how this financial or synthetic

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economy starts to grow so when it comes

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to the bank then Islamic Bank and

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conventional bank would differ in the

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way that they finance things so

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conventional Bank mostly would sell you

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basically money they would give you

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money let's say we're talking about home

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loan you get some money as a loan to buy

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by house so the house is not a subject

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matter of a contract it's a collateral

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so you're getting money and then you're

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returning more money I understand on

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simple level one could think just in

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terms of well I'm getting the uh home to

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buy and I'm just returning the same

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money like anybody else but it's it's a

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matter of a principle where in Islamic

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Bank what you would see is that the bank

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should actually buy that house and then

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sell or lease house to you what is

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confusing a lot of people is that they

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say but I thought this is interest free

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yes interest free doesn't mean profit

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free now profit a lot of people confuse

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this part when we say interest is

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prohibited interest is profit as well

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and business profit is profit as well so

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what does interest mean in terms of

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illegitimate profit is that it is result

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of a transaction where Islam doesn't

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want to see gain profit which is from

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lending

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money all this to say basically that

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Islamic Bank will need to have some skin

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in the game they will need to connect

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themselves with the real economy a real

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asset when they are getting benefit from

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their money or from their business where

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the other bank would basically just move

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the money around so so on the basic

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level that might look the same outcome

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might look the same both might get the

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same benefit from this at the end of the

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day but once we start building now this

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system what do we get we start

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incentivizing this movement of money for

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profit and then this starts filtering in

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everything we want to go for Holiday we

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want to just spend money for whatever we

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start just we go into the loaning of

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money we want to run a business we want

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an investment it's not structured

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anymore more as something that is

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connected with the real life real a real

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business a real investment we start

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structuring everything just to be money

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for money so over time investors Banks

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anybody who has a capital is now unlink

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from the real activities their profit

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and everything doesn't come from real

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life it comes from just movement of

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money that generates the profit so this

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Starts Now building whole different

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economy you see in this economy people

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become more risk averse they're looking

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for easy opportunity to make money

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they're starting get to this secure way

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where no matter they would look at no

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matter what happened with these

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businesses they are expecting the same

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return they don't want to risk anything

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they don't want to be rewarded from the

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fruits of the work or a business or

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anything real they just want to be

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rewarded from giving you that money so

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that basically puts people at almost two

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opposing ends on the other hand and when

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it comes to Islamic Bank what starts

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happening is because the bank is now

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linked with the real life you cannot

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have that compounding effect you cannot

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have that unnatural growth because you

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are tattered to the real things to the

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real economy so we cannot have this

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expansion of the credit bubble

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derivatives Financial products leverage

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that hugely increases this fictional

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economy Financial economy that is is not

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anymore linked with anything now as a

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banker once you start thinking at a

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higher level you are increasing this

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debt and growing debt you are

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incentivizing creation of the debt and

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speed by which debt starts accumulate

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everything become opportunity to create

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more debt and then you start slicing and

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selling the debt and creating more

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derivatives and betting on thatt and

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taking insurance and then you start

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suddenly seeing what are we creating you

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are creating economy where everybody

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wants to get on the band wagon of

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creating the Deb and so nobody can

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compete with that so even the real

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business start benchmarking themselves

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against somebody who is making money

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easy way so why would I grow food or

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make bread or do real things where I can

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also participate in this creation of the

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death with no links with the real

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economy so soon your products that you

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are eating become fake because nobody

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can compete with this synthetic way of

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making money so that they would rather

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make fake products and just sell you

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something looks real for some profit

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because they have to also return their

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investors similar return like the people

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who are doing nothing and getting money

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more and more money as Return of the

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growth of this financial economy so this

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whole thing

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incentivize the synthetic way of making

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money and that start messing up with the

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real economy because if you want in that

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economy to grow real food for example do

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the real hard work expect real return

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from the ground from the you have a

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wholesome product it's not rewarded

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anymore because nobody now wants to wait

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be slow be rewarded from the real fruits

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of their labor so labor is diminished in

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terms of how we value labor hard work

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what what what should be rewarded what

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is rewarded is these Bankers to more

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clever ways they can spin money around

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more clever derivatives they can make

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out of it and so we end up in a

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situation like we had in global

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financial crisis where suddenly had this

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whole economy started collapsing because

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there was no reality into it and who

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bails the burden average people they get

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flood of these loans opportunities they

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don't even know what's happening anymore

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and the governments take it further they

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start doing the same thing and

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so to cover this they they start

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printing more money and so we had this

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whole system where money is printed

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Financial economy is growing profits

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needs to come on on the back of even

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more financial productss that are being

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created and so you now have a situation

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where even the politicians the way they

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manage this economy monetary policies is

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simply by moving interest rates up and

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down and these career politicians just

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like these Bankers they don't have any

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other tool that they know of how to

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engage anymore in real things only thing

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they know is charge more for money or

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less for money and just take from you

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Central Bank just increase interest

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rates reach more into your pocket

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extracts more money for you and they say

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we're managing inflation is spit so you

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see from the little principle once you

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disconnect yourself from the real

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economy the system becomes completely

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different it become brutal it become war

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against the people because the way

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starts crumbling down incentivizing and

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moving money it's a type of modern day

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slavery that's why you see people

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Shackled with the debt credit cards

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loans mortgages this inflates price of

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everything your normal house that you to

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be uh you know $200,000 will become five

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times more because of this whole gain

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nothing is connected with the real

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economy everything is built and is

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leeching from that real economy so what

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Islam wants to see Islam wants to return

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us to the Natural State where your

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profit comes from hard work providing

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the benefit from linking yourself with

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the risk and reward associating with

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actually liability owning the asset

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engaging into business providing some

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benefit it's a different world view and

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that world view is paired with a lot of

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other layers in between how you are

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consuming what are your aspirations

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sense of gratitude content not just

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jumping like what we see capitalism

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materialism just in incentivizing just

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owning more and more and more nobody

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wants what they have everybody wants the

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latest the new and there is that cycle

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of materialism people get caught up

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because easy debt everything become a

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flood of ways to consume more credit

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cards buy now pay later all of these

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schemes are just making you spend more

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and more and more and you are promised

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just like our grandfather Adam in

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Paradise if you just get one more

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purchase if you just do this you'll be

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happy like Angels Immortal this is the

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promise of this

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financialized secular materialistic

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worldview that wants us to consume

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because it's easy to structure these

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transactions for the banks and the

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providers that's why I believe returning

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us to the original principle Timeless

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principle seeking out wisdom of God in

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these things can reveal reality for what

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it really is and it can help us chart

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the way forward to restore economic

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integrity and build a better Financial

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system system that is god- Centric that

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is seeing human with all four dimensions

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that is building the place that is

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better place for all of us that rewards

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the things that should be rewarded and

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does not incentivize things that have

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harmful detrimental impact on the

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society thank you for spending time to

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watch this video if you would like to

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learn more about finance and economy

play15:22

from Islamic perspective head to our new

play15:24

platform Muslim Money Matters where we

play15:25

go in much greater details regarding the

play15:27

content until next next time my name is

play15:30

Al chanam alikum

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Finance islamiqueBanques islamiquesÉconomie moraleIntérêt interditInvestissement éthiqueÉconomie réelleSystème financierCrisis financièreResponsabilité socialeCapitalisme critique
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