KABINET BURHANUDDIN HARAHAP (MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL) | MATERI SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 12

Dhida Ramdani

1 Oct 202211:18

Summary

TLDRThis Indonesian history class covers the formation, governance, and end of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet, Indonesia's fifth post-independence government. The cabinet, a coalition between Masyumi and 12 smaller parties, faced economic challenges and political opposition. It successfully controlled inflation and improved civil-military relations by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution. A highlight was the democratic 1955 election, with a 91.54% voter turnout. The cabinet ended due to the failure to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union and internal party withdrawals.

Takeaways

😀 The video discusses the history of Indonesia, focusing on the period of liberal democracy and the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet.
🏛️ After the resignation of Ali Sastroamidjojo, Vice President Hatta was tasked with forming a new cabinet due to President Soekarno's absence on a pilgrimage.
🗣️ Hatta initially chose three figures from the parliament to help form the cabinet, but they proposed Hatta himself as Prime Minister, which was rejected by the Masyumi party.
🔄 Due to the failure to form a coalition, Hatta decided to include a figure from the Masyumi party, leading to the selection of Burhanuddin Harahap as the fifth Prime Minister.
📅 The Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet was officially sworn in on August 12, 1955, and ended on March 3, 1956.
🤝 The cabinet faced challenges from the start, including demands from the PNI party for certain ministerial positions and opposition from parties like PKI and progressive elements.
💼 The cabinet aimed to restore the government's prestige, conduct elections as planned, and tackle issues like decentralization and inflation.
💼 The Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet took pragmatic economic steps, such as opening up to foreign investment and easing import restrictions, to control inflation.
🛑 The cabinet also addressed military-civilian relations by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution as the commander of the army and taking a tough stance on corruption cases.
🗳️ A significant achievement of the cabinet was the successful conduct of the 1955 general elections, which had a high voter turnout and were considered the most democratic and successful at the time.
⏳ The cabinet's end was marked by its inability to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union and the subsequent withdrawal of support from key parties and the President.

Q & A

What significant event led to Hatta being appointed as the acting President of Indonesia?
-President Soekarno was performing the Hajj pilgrimage, which led to the task of appointing a format tour being handed over to Hatta as the Vice President.
Who were the three figures from the parliament that Hatta initially chose to form the new cabinet?
-The three figures were Sukiman, Wilopo, and Asal.
Why was Hatta's initial choice for the new cabinet rejected by the Masyumi party?
-The Masyumi party rejected the proposal because it did not include them in key positions such as Vice Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of Public Works.
Who was chosen as the Prime Minister after the initial proposal was rejected?
-Burhanuddin Harahap, a figure from the Masyumi party, was chosen as the Prime Minister.
What was the main challenge faced by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet during its formation?
-The main challenge was the difficulty in forming a coalition with the Indonesian National Army due to demands from the PNI party for certain ministerial positions.
What were the key programs implemented by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?
-The key programs included restoring the government's prestige, conducting elections as planned, forming a new parliament, completing decentralization legislation, controlling inflation, combating corruption, continuing the struggle to return West Irian to Indonesia, and developing Asian-African political cooperation.
How did the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet address the economic challenges faced by Indonesia?
-The cabinet took pragmatic steps such as opening up to foreign investment, easing import restrictions, and revoking the Ali Baba economic policy, which was deemed a failure.
What was the outcome of the 1955 general elections under the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?
-The 1955 general elections were the first and most democratically successful in Indonesia's history, with a 91.54% public participation rate, despite security challenges due to rebellions in several regions.
Why did the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet fail to end the Round Table Conference (KMB) agreement with the Netherlands?
-The cabinet's decision to unilaterally dissolve the United Indonesia-Netherlands was not supported by PNI, PSI, and President Soekarno, who rejected the signing of the dissolution law, stating that the dissolution of the KMB agreement should be comprehensive and await the formation of a new cabinet after the elections.
What was the ultimate fate of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?
-The cabinet ended its term when Burhanuddin Harahap decided to resign on March 3, 1956, after the failure to gain support for the dissolution of the United Indonesia-Netherlands and the withdrawal of support from NU and PSI, as well as the President's disapproval of the cabinet.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to Indonesian History Class

The video script introduces a history class on Indonesian history for 12th graders, focusing on the period of liberal democracy and the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet. The class begins with a recap of the power struggle between the civilian government and military, leading to the resignation of Ali Sastroamidjojo as Prime Minister. Vice President Hatta, who was appointed by President Soekarno during his Hajj pilgrimage, was tasked with forming a new cabinet. Despite initial proposals, Hatta decided to appoint Burhanuddin Harahap from the Masyumi party as the new Prime Minister. The script then outlines the formation of the cabinet, its challenges, and the programs it aimed to implement, including restoring government credibility, conducting elections, and addressing economic issues.

05:01

😉 Challenges and Achievements of the Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet

This section delves into the challenges faced by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet, such as economic recovery from hyperinflation, improving civil-military relations, and dealing with corruption. The cabinet's pragmatic economic policies, including opening up to foreign investment and easing import restrictions, helped control inflation. The script also highlights the cabinet's efforts to restore the military's trust in the government by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution and addressing corruption cases. The success of the cabinet is marked by the successful conduct of the 1955 general elections, which saw high voter participation and the formation of a new parliament. However, the cabinet faced opposition from President Soekarno and other political parties, leading to its eventual dissolution.

10:01

😌 Conclusion of the Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet Era

The final paragraph summarizes the key points of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet's term. It emphasizes the cabinet's formation after the decision by the Vice President of Indonesia, its economic recovery efforts, improvements in civil-military relations, and the successful conduct of the 1955 general elections. The paragraph concludes with the cabinet's end due to its failure to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union and the withdrawal of support from key political parties and the President. The script invites viewers to ask questions, make additions, or point out errors in the comments and encourages them to like and subscribe for more historical content.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Perseteruan

The term 'Perseteruan' refers to conflict or dispute. In the context of the video, it is used to describe the power struggle between the civil government and the military during the transition of leadership after Ali Sastroamidjojo's resignation. This conflict is central to understanding the political instability that led to the formation of various cabinets, including the one led by Burhanuddin Harahap.

💡Masyumi

Masyumi is a political party in Indonesia. The video discusses how the failure of three figures from the parliament to form a new cabinet led to Hatta choosing a figure from Masyumi to form a new cabinet. This highlights the significant role Masyumi played in the political landscape of the time and its influence on the formation of the government.

💡Kabinet Burhanuddin Harahap

The 'Kabinet Burhanuddin Harahap' refers to the cabinet led by Burhanuddin Harahap, which is a key focus of the video. It was formed after a series of political disputes and is noted for its efforts to restore the government's credibility, manage inflation, and organize democratic elections. The video details the formation, governance, and eventual end of this cabinet.

💡Inflasi

Inflasi, or inflation, is a term used in economics to describe the increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy. In the video, it is mentioned as a significant economic challenge faced by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet. The government's response to control inflation is highlighted as a measure of its success in managing the economy.

💡Pemilihan Umum

Pemilihan Umum translates to 'General Elections' in English. The video emphasizes the successful conduct of the 1955 general elections under the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet, which were the first of their kind in Indonesia's history. These elections were notable for their high voter participation and were a significant step towards democratic governance.

💡Konferensi Meja Bundar

The 'Konferensi Meja Bundar' refers to the Round Table Conference, which was a series of meetings held to discuss Indonesia's financial situation. The video mentions that the economic decisions taken by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet were influenced by the financial reports from this conference, indicating its importance in shaping economic policies.

💡Hubungan Militer dan Sipil

This phrase refers to the relationship between the military and civilian government. The video discusses how the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet worked to improve this relationship, which was strained due to past conflicts. The reappointment of Abdul Haris Nasution as the commander of the army is cited as a key move to restore military trust in the civilian government.

💡Korupsi

Korupsi means 'corruption' in Indonesian. The video highlights the efforts of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet to combat corruption, which was a significant issue at the time. The government's tough stance on corruption, including legal actions against corrupt officials, is presented as a positive aspect of its governance.

💡Irian Barat

Irian Barat, now known as West Papua, is a region in Indonesia. The video discusses the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet's commitment to include West Papua within Indonesia's territorial boundaries, reflecting the government's stance on national unity and territorial integrity.

💡Demokrasi Liberal

Demokrasi Liberal translates to 'Liberal Democracy'. The video is set during a period referred to as the era of liberal democracy in Indonesia, characterized by the holding of free and fair elections and the establishment of a multi-party system. The term encapsulates the political environment in which the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet operated and aimed to strengthen.

Highlights

Introduction to the Indonesian History class for grade 12, focusing on the past events.

The political conflict between the civilian government and military led to the resignation of Prime Minister Ali Sastroamidjojo.

Vice President Hatta was entrusted with the task of forming a new cabinet during President Soekarno's Hajj pilgrimage.

Three parliamentary figures were initially proposed by Hatta to form a new cabinet, but their proposal was rejected by the Masyumi party.

Burhanuddin Harahap from the Masyumi party was chosen as the fifth Prime Minister to form a new cabinet.

The formation of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet was based on a coalition between Masyumi and 12 smaller parties in the parliament.

The cabinet faced initial challenges due to demands from the PNI party for certain ministerial positions.

Burhanuddin Harahap's government aimed to restore the moral integrity of the government and the trust of the army and the public.

The cabinet worked on implementing elections as planned and forming a new parliament.

Efforts were made to tackle inflation and corruption, and to continue the struggle for West Irian to be part of Indonesia.

The government faced economic recovery challenges after the hyperinflation during Ali Sastroamidjojo's term.

Burhanuddin Harahap's administration took pragmatic steps to control inflation and improve the economy.

The relationship between the military and civilian government was improved by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution as the Commander of the Army.

The government's firm action on corruption cases was appreciated by the military and the public.

The success of the Burhanuddin Harahap government was evident in the 1955 general elections, which were the most democratic and successful in Indonesian history.

The government faced issues with the Air Force, leading to actions against those involved in a mutiny.

President Soekarno's lack of support for the cabinet and his release of a detained Air Force officer caused tensions.

The cabinet ended after the failure to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union.

Burhanuddin Harahap's cabinet resigned on March 3, 1956, after the general elections and awaited the formation of a new cabinet.