Lesson 6: Types of Speech Context and Speech Style | Oral Communication in Context

Summary

This lesson delves into the nuances of oral communication, emphasizing the importance of understanding speech context and style. It outlines four types of speech contexts: intrapersonal, interpersonal, public, and mass communication, each with distinct purposes and audiences. The video also explores five speech styles—intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen—explaining how they adapt to different social interactions. By recognizing these elements, communicators can enhance their message delivery and audience engagement.

Takeaways

• 🗣️ Communication is a significant part of our daily lives, with studies suggesting we spend up to 80% of our time communicating through various means.
• 🌐 There are three main parts of a communicative strategy: speech context, speech style, and speech act, which are crucial for effective communication.
• 👥 Speech context is categorized into four types: interpersonal, mass communication, public communication, and intrapersonal communication.
• 👤 Intrapersonal communication occurs within an individual, such as thinking or self-talk, and is a form of internal dialogue.
• 🤝 Interpersonal communication involves direct interaction between people, either in dyadic or small group settings, aiming to establish personal connections.
• 📢 Public communication is characterized by addressing a larger audience, often with the intent to inform or persuade, and requires a different approach than interpersonal communication.
• 📺 Mass communication differs from public communication by utilizing mass media tools like television, radio, and the internet to reach a broad audience.
• 🎤 Speech style is influenced by the context and audience, and includes intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen styles, each with its own characteristics and appropriate use.
• 💑 Intimate speech style is private and used with close relationships, involving a high level of comfort and openness in communication.
• 👫 Casual speech style is used among peers and friends, incorporating slang and informal language, indicating a relaxed but not intimate relationship.
• 📚 Consultative speech style is professional and mutually acceptable, used when communicating with those outside of our close circles, like teachers or professionals.
• 📜 Formal speech style is used in structured and formal settings, with prepared and well-thought-out messages to convey complex information clearly.
• 🏛️ Frozen speech style is traditional and unchanging, used in respectful events and ceremonies, reflecting a high level of respect and adherence to established wording.

Q & A

What are the three main parts of a communicative strategy?

The three main parts of a communicative strategy are speech context, speech style, and speech act.

What is speech context, and how is it defined?

Speech context refers to how people communicate and transmit messages, whether orally or verbally. It involves identifying the purpose of communication and understanding to whom the message is being delivered.

What are the four major types of speech contexts?

The four major types of speech contexts are intrapersonal, interpersonal, public communication, and mass communication.

Can you give an example of intrapersonal communication?

An example of intrapersonal communication is when someone thinks to themselves about why their crush talked to them, where they act as both the sender and receiver of the message.

How does interpersonal communication differ from intrapersonal communication?

Interpersonal communication occurs between and among people, aiming to establish personal relationships, whereas intrapersonal communication happens within one person, where the speaker is both the sender and receiver of the message.

What is small group communication, and when does it occur?

Small group communication occurs when there are at least three but not more than ten people involved in face-to-face interaction, usually working together to achieve a goal, such as during a group project or a small meeting.

How is public communication different from mass communication?

Public communication involves delivering a message to a live audience, usually with more than ten people, while mass communication uses media tools like television, radio, or the internet to reach a wide audience.

What is the purpose of mass communication?

The purpose of mass communication is to reach as many people as possible using media platforms, such as television, radio, newspapers, or the internet, to disseminate messages widely.

What is speech style, and how does it affect communication?

Speech style refers to the unique way in which information is delivered, including tone, voice usage, and word choice. It adapts depending on the audience and the context of the situation.

What are the five types of speech styles, and when are they used?

The five types of speech styles are intimate (used with close relationships), casual (used with friends and peers), consultative (used in professional settings), formal (used in formal, structured situations), and frozen (used during respectful events and ceremonies, remaining unchanged over time).

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Speech Context and Speech Style

The video lesson begins by introducing the concept of communicative strategies, focusing on the different types of speech contexts and styles. It emphasizes the importance of communication in our daily lives, pointing out that around 80% of our time is spent communicating, not just face-to-face but also via social media. The lesson aims to help viewers understand how to communicate effectively by exploring the parts of a communicative strategy, which include speech context, speech style, and speech act.

05:02

👤 Intrapersonal Communication

This section explains intrapersonal communication, a form of communication where the speaker is both the sender and receiver of the message, occurring within one person. It provides examples like self-reflection or analyzing interactions with others. Intrapersonal communication is portrayed as a way for individuals to process thoughts and emotions internally, which helps them understand their experiences.

10:03

👥 Interpersonal Communication: Dyadic and Small Group

Interpersonal communication involves exchanging ideas, emotions, and information between people. It includes two forms: dyadic communication, which occurs between two individuals, and small group communication, which involves at least three but fewer than ten people. Examples include one-on-one tutoring, comforting a friend, or group discussions in school settings. The goal is to form personal connections and collaborate on tasks.

15:06

🎤 Public Communication

Public communication occurs when an individual speaks to a large audience, typically more than ten people. This section highlights that public communication is often used to inform or persuade the audience, and it may happen in settings like graduation speeches or performances in front of an audience. The purpose of public communication is to share knowledge, influence opinions, or motivate action.

20:07

📺 Mass Communication

Mass communication differs from public communication as it uses mass media tools like television, radio, newspapers, and the internet to deliver messages to a large audience. The section explains that mass communication is essential for reaching broad audiences, and it includes examples such as news broadcasts and published articles in school newspapers. The primary goal is to spread information widely.

🗣 Understanding Speech Styles

This part introduces speech styles, which are influenced by the context and audience. Speech style refers to how a message is delivered, including tone, word choice, and voice usage. Depending on the situation and relationship between communicators, different speech styles are employed, such as intimate, casual, or formal styles. The level of formality is key in determining speech style.

❤️ Intimate Speech Style

Intimate speech style is used when communicating with someone with whom one shares a close, personal relationship, such as a family member or significant other. It is private and often includes language that wouldn’t be shared in public. This style allows for deep personal expression and emotional openness between the individuals involved.

😊 Casual Speech Style

Casual speech style is used among friends or peers in informal settings. It often includes slang, jargon, or even vulgar language, depending on the familiarity between the speakers. While this style indicates comfort and ease, it does not involve the same level of emotional depth as the intimate speech style.

👔 Consultative Speech Style

Consultative speech style is considered professional and standard. It is typically used in conversations where the speaker and listener do not share a personal relationship, such as between a student and teacher or patient and doctor. This style requires clear and mutually acceptable language to ensure understanding and avoid misunderstandings.

📜 Formal Speech Style

Formal speech style is used in structured, one-way communication, such as delivering a prepared speech in public. The speaker’s message is direct, clear, and carefully crafted to ensure coherence and logical flow. This style is used in situations like graduation ceremonies or religious services, where the content needs to be understood by a broad audience.

❄️ Frozen Speech Style

Frozen speech style refers to set phrases or speeches that do not change over time, often used in formal ceremonies and events. Examples include prayers, pledges, or traditional speeches that are repeated in the same form over the years. This style reflects a high level of respect and formality, as the content remains unchanged and is widely recognized.

Keywords

💡Speech Context

Speech context refers to the setting or situation in which communication takes place. It focuses on how and to whom people communicate. In the video, speech context is broken down into categories like intrapersonal, interpersonal, public, and mass communication, each involving different dynamics and audiences.

💡Intrapersonal Communication

Intrapersonal communication is communication that occurs within an individual. It involves the person acting as both the sender and receiver of messages. The video gives the example of someone reflecting on why a crush spoke to them, highlighting how we often talk to ourselves to process emotions or decisions.

💡Interpersonal Communication

Interpersonal communication involves communication between two or more people. It is often used to build relationships or share ideas. The video explains how this communication can happen in dyads (between two people) or in small groups (with three to ten people), helping foster personal connections.

💡Public Communication

Public communication occurs when a speaker addresses a large audience. It often involves delivering a prepared speech aimed at informing or persuading the audience. The video uses the example of a valedictorian speaking at a graduation ceremony, emphasizing how this form of communication reaches large groups in formal settings.

💡Mass Communication

Mass communication is the process of delivering messages to large audiences via media platforms such as TV, radio, newspapers, and the internet. The video distinguishes this from public communication by noting how mass communication relies on media tools to reach a broad audience.

💡Speech Style

Speech style refers to how people adapt their language and tone to suit different communication contexts and audiences. The video outlines five styles—intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen—each characterized by varying degrees of formality and personal connection.

💡Intimate Speech Style

Intimate speech style is used between individuals who share close personal relationships. The video highlights that this style involves private language and expressions only understood by those involved, such as conversations between romantic partners or close family members.

💡Casual Speech Style

Casual speech style is typically used among friends or peers. It allows for informal language, including slang and jargons, and reflects a relaxed communication tone. The video explains how this style is common in social settings but still lacks the deep connection of intimate speech.

💡Consultative Speech Style

Consultative speech style is a more formal and professional form of communication, used when talking to someone who is not a close friend, such as a teacher or doctor. The video describes this style as requiring respectful, mutually acceptable language that avoids slang or overly casual expressions.

💡Formal Speech Style

Formal speech style is used in structured, often one-way communication settings, such as delivering a speech or giving a presentation. According to the video, formal language is pre-prepared and follows a logical structure to ensure clarity and professionalism. An example would be delivering a graduation speech.

Highlights

Introduction to different parts of a communicative strategy, focusing on speech context and speech style.

Definition of speech context as the way people communicate and transmit messages orally or verbally.

Discussion on the importance of understanding speech context to identify the purpose and target audience of communication.

Explanation of intrapersonal communication as self-talk and its role in stress relief and thought processing.

Interpersonal communication defined as communication between people to establish personal relationships.

Differentiation between dyadic and small group communication within interpersonal contexts.

Public communication described as addressing a large audience with the intent to inform or persuade.

Mass communication distinguished from public communication by its use of media tools to reach a broad audience.

Importance of speech context in dictating communication style and the message delivery.

Definition of speech style as the unique way information is delivered, involving tone, voice, and word choice.

Description of intimate speech style used in close relationships with private and comfortable communication.

Casual speech style characterized by the use of jargon, slang, and a friendly tone among peers.

Consultative speech style as the standard, professional, and mutually acceptable language used in formal settings.

Formal speech style used in structured and coherent communication, often prepared in advance for formal events.

Frozen speech style for respectful events and ceremonies, characterized by unchanged and memorized content.

The influence of speech context on the choice of speech style and the adaptability of communicators.

Conclusion summarizing the significance of understanding different speech contexts and styles for effective communication.

Transcripts

[Music]

good day everyone welcome back to oral

communication in context for our sixth

lesson we will start discussing the

different parts of a communicative

strategy so for today we will be talking

about the different types of speech

context and speech style

for today's lesson the first thing that

we will be talking about are the

different kinds of speech contexts there

is an interpersonal

interpersonal mass communication and

public communication

we will also be discussing the different

speech styles namely intimate casual

consultative

formal and frozen before we begin try to

think about this question

how do you spend your time

many of you probably spend it doing

household chores

attending school and completing academic

works

playing mobile games or even enjoying

some time hanging out with friends and

family

each of us spends our time differently

but did you know that typical studies

suggest that about

to 80 percent of our time is spent in

some form of communication

we spend most of our waking hours

writing reading speaking and listening

these days we don't just communicate

through face-to-face contact we also

spend the majority of our time

interacting in various social media

platforms

therefore it is essential for us to

develop an understanding of how we can

communicate more effectively

in order to do so one must develop a

deeper understanding of different

strategies to be used in various speech

situations

as i have mentioned earlier there are

three different parts of a communicative

strategy

there is the speech context

speech style and the speech act

so for today for our lesson we will be

discussing speech context and speech

style

let us first define what a speech

context is

a speech context is the way that people

use to communicate and transmit messages

orally or verbally so basically speech

context refers to how do we communicate

and to whom are we communicating these

messages

the speech context could easily be

identified if you already know the

purpose of the communication process or

the communication that is taking place

okay so you have to ask yourselves the

following question first one is why are

you giving the speech what is the reason

behind this communicative situation why

are you even talking to that person or

why are you even sending that particular

message another question that you have

to consider in order for you to properly

identify the purpose and eventually the

speech context is to determine as well

who will be your target audience or your

intended audience

who are you giving the speech to

who will be listening to you who will be

receiving the message who will be

receiving the information idea from you

there are four major kinds of speech

contexts namely interpersonal

interpersonal

public communication and mass

communication so let's talk about them

one at a time when we say

intrapersonal by the term itself intra

meaning the communication center is

around one person and since it's intra

within you inside you the communication

takes place where the speaker acts both

as the sender of the message and the

receiver of the message therefore it's

only one person it's happening within

one person okay some of you might be

wondering mom is that possible how is

that going to happen okay now you would

notice that people tend to talk to

themselves okay so it's a way for us to

really stress or take something out of

our mind now when you do that when you

kind of talk to yourself when the

conversation is happening within you or

with you alone it's called an

intrapersonal communication for example

when you spend the night thinking and

analyzing why your crush from the other

class talk to you on the way home that

is already a form of intrapersonal

communication

another example is whenever you feel

happy while thinking about how your

teacher appreciated your work in class

however people do not just communicate

with their own selves more often than

not communication takes place between us

and another person so when this happens

it's already called interpersonal

communication therefore interpersonal

communication can be simply described as

a type of communication that happens

between and among people and more often

than not interpersonal communication is

used or is utilized to establish

personal relationships between and among

them we want to form a connection with

another person a person who we could

share ideas exchange ideas with feelings

emotions and so on and so forth it is

also important for you to remember that

interpersonal communication

also has two different forms the first

one is what we refer to as diet

communication now diet communication is

simply described as a type of

interpersonal communication that occurs

between two people so there are only two

people that act as the communicators

either one could be a listener either

one could be the receiver or vice versa

so take for example a very good example

of this one is when you are helping out

a classmate you are doing one-on-one

tutoring or you are doing one-on-one

lecture with that classmate of yours you

are helping out each other with your

group work or with your assignments or

homeworks another good example of this

is when someone else um needs comfort

from you so you have to comfort them on

a personal level you talk to them

one-on-one and you do it um just the two

of you now interpersonal communication

doesn't only occur when there are only

two people involved it could also happen

when there are a few more people

conversing or interacting this type of

interpersonal communication is now

called small group communication small

group interpersonal communication

usually involves at least three but not

more than 10 people and these people

they work together engaged in

face-to-face interaction in order for

them to achieve a desired goal basically

it's like a meeting with only a few

people involved okay so if there are

already more than two people involved in

the communicative situation but less

than 10 of them interacting together all

at once then that is what we can refer

to as a small group interaction so an

example of this a very good example of

this one is whenever you are tasked to

work with some of your classmates in

order to produce a group project for

example or another example is if you are

a member of an organization a small

organization or if you are an officer in

a small organization whenever you have

meetings with your co-officers

then that could be considered as a small

group communication again there are two

kinds of interpersonal communication

one is dying communication where two

people where only two people are

involved and we also have small group

communication where there are three or

more

but less than 10 people involved another

kind of speech context is what we refer

to as public communication now there are

instances wherein we have to talk or we

have to deliver a message in front of a

larger audience meaning there are more

than 10 people listening to us there

could be 20 that could be 30 there could

even be more hundreds of them who are

listening to you while you talk when

that happens that could already be

considered as a form of public

communication this type of communication

actually requires you to deliver or send

more often than not an informative

or persuasive message before or in front

of a group what does it mean it only

means that whenever we engage in public

communication our intention our purpose

is number one to inform to give new

ideas to talk about new things to share

knowledge to the audience or it could

also be the intent or the purpose could

also be to persuade them to influence

them to motivate them to do something or

probably change their way of thinking

about a particular issue or a particular

situation public communication is a very

important tool especially if we want to

reach a larger group of people or we

need to deliver a message to a larger

group of audience for example if you are

a valedictorian or a class owner you

graduated with honors and you have to

deliver a speech to your batchmates

during the graduation ceremony that is

already considered a form of public

communication because it was you there's

only one speaker delivering the message

to a wide group or large group rather of

audience

another example that we have is whenever

you perform in front of an audience for

example you were asked to sing or you

were asked to recite poetry okay in

front of the whole school or in front of

an audience all right so those things

could be formed already of public

communication last but not the least the

fourth speech context that we have is

what we refer to as mass communication

mass communication is different from

public communication because

in mass communication

the way that we deliver the message the

medium or the platform the channel that

we are using to deliver the message

usually utilizes mass media tools such

as the television the radio the

newspapers magazines books billboard the

internet and other types of media all

right so mom how is that different from

public communication you are also

communicating to a large group of

audience again mass communication

utilizes media tools all right so the

message therefore is transmitted through

television shows radio shows printed

newspapers magazine articles written or

published in books put up in billboards

or maybe posted on the internet unlike

when you are engaging for example

delivering a speech live in front of an

audience that could be considered public

communication okay so one thing that you

have to remember in mass communication

is that it only reaches a wide group of

audience or a large group of audience

because we utilize media tools in order

for us to disseminate or give out

deliver the intended message but with

public communication you already have a

specific set of audience involved and

are listening or intent on listening to

you some examples of mass media

communication or mass communication is

when a news reporter goes live or goes

on tv okay and delivers the nightly news

or delivers daily news another form of

it is when you are a campus journalist

for example and you are writing rather

articles about your school or about all

the events in school and it gets

published in the campus newspaper or in

the campus journal then that could be

considered a form of mass communication

you have to remember that mass

communication its main goal is to reach

as many people as possible to deliver

the message to as many people as

possible by utilizing these media tools

it is also essential that you take note

that a speech context dictates and

affects the way people communicate

knowing your audience knowing the

purpose knowing the intent of your

message or the communicative situation

will always affect the way that you

communicate and eventually when you

already know determine okay who are your

audience who are the people listening to

you and

what is your purpose in the first place

what is your reason these would

eventually result to what we now refer

to as another part of communicative

strategy which is speech styles okay so

basically please do take note that your

speech style would also depend on your

speech context or your speech context

rather would determine your speech style

since we are already talking about

speech style let us now define it what

is a speech style from the terms itself

style how you are presenting your

message it is basically the unique way

in which the information is delivered to

the audience it involves the use of your

tone it involves the use of your voice

it involves the use or utilization of

the different aspects of voice usage

even your word choice actually is part

of speech style whenever we engage in

different communicative situations we

adapt to it okay we adapt to it

depending on who we are talking to and

what is the reason for us to talk to

them in the first place or why are we

even talking to them in the first place

now the way that we adapt to this one or

we change things up whenever we talk

that could be your speech style you have

to remember that whenever you engage in

a communicative situation or an

interaction the people that you are

talking to might be different from the

other people that you have talked to

before okay so it would really affect

the way that you would deliver the

message that you intend to send or share

to them in the first place now according

to

in 1976

speech style is actually a form of

language that the speaker uses by which

it is characterized by the degree of

formality so like what i have mentioned

earlier we try to adapt to the different

people that we are talking with and of

course the context of that situation the

language or how we use our language how

we deliver the message is affected by

the people we are talking to or talking

with and the context that the

communicative situation is taking place

so what are the different kinds of

speech styles there are actually five

the first one is what we refer to as an

intimate speech style the second one is

casual speech style the third one is

consultative speech style we have the

formal and we have what we call frozen

speech style let us first discuss what

an intimate speech style is okay so this

is the style that we use whenever we

talk to someone who we share an intimate

or a close relationship with therefore

the style that you use whenever you

communicate with them the way that you

deliver the message the way that you

talk to them the style is kind of

private it's something that you share

between the two of you only basically

this kind of speech style only occurs

between or among close family members or

intimate individuals like what i've

mentioned earlier it could be your

girlfriend or boyfriend or someone who

is very very close with you meaning your

relationship with them is already

established you already know that you

could share things with them that you

are not ready or willing to share with

anyone else as i have mentioned as well

a while ago the language that you are

using may not even be shared in public

so take for example when you talk to

your girlfriend or boyfriend or someone

special to you the kind of words that

you deliver how you deliver your

messages to them is very different from

how you would often deliver a message to

a classmate for example or a teacher now

since you are sharing a very intimate or

close relationship with this person you

are very much comfortable opening up

yourself to them talking about anything

else and of course being comfortable

with how you are expressing your self

the second type of speech style is what

we refer to or describe as something

that is casual it is usually used among

peers or friends or even your classmates

this is the kind of speech style that we

utilize whenever we do so more often

than not jargons words that are very

particular to your group are used you

can also use slang street language gay

language or even vulgar words are used

to communicate with them it's actually

almost similar to the first one however

whenever you share messages with them

you are still holding a part of yourself

back unlike when you share an intimate

relationship with someone so whenever

you engage in casual speech style it's

also an indication that you are

comfortable talking with those people

but still of course these are not people

that you are sharing intimate or close

relationship with all the time okay so

this type of speech style is actually

more friendly in tone rather than

intimate next we have consultative it is

referred to as the standard style of

speech so whenever you talk to someone

who is not your friend for example or

who is not someone really close to you

you don't share a relationship or a

connection with them this is the kind of

speech style that we utilize whenever we

communicate with those kinds of people

it is considered professional and

mutually acceptable language is a must

in this style okay so you try to avoid

using jargons you try to avoid slags you

try to avoid words that you are

comfortable using to someone who is

close to you because you believe or you

understand that this person

might of course misunderstand the

context all right so

something that you know you would both

understand is the kind of language that

we use in this kind of speech style so

take for example whenever you are

talking to professionals such as a

doctor okay a doctor is not someone that

you could always consider as your friend

he or she is someone that you go to

whenever you want to talk about medical

health problems or medical health

conditions okay another example of this

is when you talk to your teacher as

students whenever you talk to your

teacher you cannot use the words that

you are using you cannot use the

language that you are using with your

friends or with your family to your

teacher whenever you try to talk to your

teacher there is a level of respect that

you incorporate in your speech okay so

when you do that you are actually

practicing consultative speech style

next we have the formal one of course

from the term itself it is a speech

style that we utilize whenever we are in

a communicative situation that is formal

in setting it is often or more often

than not it is one way and very

straightforward in nature so whatever

message is being delivered it's direct

to the point for people who are involved

in formal communicative situations the

speeches that they will deliver or the

message that they will deliver the

information that they are going to share

is usually prepared beforehand so they

had time to think about

to write it down and edit it out

formulate it in such a way

that their listeners would understand

what they are trying to say or their

intent is gonna come across this is also

the reason why formal speeches are

complex kind of complex because they are

well structured and always have

logically sequenced and strongly

coherent sentences because just like

what i have mentioned earlier the

intended message must come across must

be delivered right away okay people must

understand it right away okay that's why

you have to prepare for it in advance as

well so that you could do that now when

is a formal speech style use formal

speech styles are usually used when for

example you have to engage in public

communication like delivering a speech a

graduation speech or whenever for

example a priest delivers his homily all

right so his preaching a preacher will

deliver his preaching then he or she

would use a formal speech style last but

not least we have frozen now this kind

of speech style is used during

respectful events and ceremonies

similarly the speech that you are using

in this part of a communicative strategy

it is unchanged over time it remains the

same all throughout the years it doesn't

change now ma'am what does it mean it

only means that the speech has been set

for you okay more often than not these

are things that we have already

memorized because we kept on repeating

them over and over again during

respectful events and ceremonies they

are part of those ceremonies or

celebrations so a good example of this

one are prayers for example the lord's

prayer could be considered whenever you

recite the lord's prayer the speech

style that you use is frozen because the

content of the lord's prayer hasn't

changed over time okay another example

of this is when you pledge allegiance to

the flag that could also be using frozen

speech style okay as long as it doesn't

change then it could be considered

frozen and there is a very high level of

respect that you have to incorporate

whenever you deliver the message in this

type of speech style here are my sources

and references thank you for joining me