Types of speech styles in communication| Oral Communication in Context-SHS

Teachinglearning English

9 Sept 202009:24

Summary

TLDRThis transcript from an oral communication class delves into the nuances of speech styles, emphasizing the importance of adapting language to different social contexts. It outlines five levels of formality, from the highly ritualized 'frozen' style to the intimate exchanges between close individuals. The lesson aims to help students identify appropriate speech styles for various situations, such as formal speeches, casual chats, and intimate conversations, to enhance their communication skills and make a positive first impression.

Takeaways

🗣️ Communication involves different levels of formality, and the choice of words and expressions should match the context and audience.
📈 The class aims to improve students' listening and speaking skills, with progress shared in the comment section to gauge the effectiveness of the lessons.
🌐 The importance of first impressions in communication is highlighted, as the style of speaking can significantly impact how one is perceived.
🔍 Different speech styles are identified, including frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate, each with its own characteristics and appropriate settings.
🏛️ Frozen style is the most formal, used in settings like palaces, churches, and state ceremonies, characterized by complex language and ritualized expressions.
📜 Formal style is used to inform and captivate audiences in formal situations with minimal shared background, often involving scripted speeches.
🤝 Consultative style is for semi-formal communication, involving two-way participation and negotiation, such as between teachers and students or employers and employees.
👫 Casual or informal style is common among peers and friends, with free and easy participation and the use of colloquial language, as seen in chats and personal emails.
💑 Intimate style is used in conversations between very close individuals, with language and expressions that may not be shared publicly, like between lovers or family members.
📝 The script encourages students to analyze dialogues and pictures to identify the appropriate speech style, fostering a deeper understanding of context in communication.
📚 The lesson concludes with a test to assess understanding of speech styles and a prompt for students to reflect on the challenges and learnings from the class.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the oral communication class discussed in the transcript?
-The main topic of the oral communication class is the different levels of formality in communication and the types of speech styles.
How does the transcript suggest we should choose our words and sentence structure in communication?
-The transcript suggests that the choice of words and sentence structure should be considered to avoid misinterpretation and should vary depending on the occasion, audience, subject matter, and purpose of communication.
What are the five classes of speech styles identified by Martin Jews in 1976?
-The five classes of speech styles identified by Martin Jews are frozen, formal, consultative, casual (informal), and intimate.
What is the 'frozen' style of speech according to the transcript?
-The 'frozen' style is the most highly formal style used in very formal settings like palace, church rituals, or state ceremonies. It involves complex grammatical structures and vocabulary known only to experts and utilizes customary and ritualized expressions.
Can you provide an example of a situation where the 'frozen' style of speech would be used?
-An example of the 'frozen' style is the oath-taking ceremony, as well as marriage vows, judicial sentencing, allegiance to country or flag, and prayers like the Lord's Prayer.
What is the purpose of the 'formal' style of speech?
-The 'formal' style aims to inform and captivate an audience in formal situations where there is the least amount of shared background and communication is largely one-way with little or no feedback from the audience.
Give an example of a situation that would be best represented by the 'formal' style of speech.
-An example of the 'formal' style is President Duterte delivering a speech, as well as sermons, graduation speeches, pronouncements made by judges, and announcements in school.
What is the 'consultative' style of speech used for?
-The 'consultative' style is used in semi-formal communication, often involving two-way participation such as negotiating with strangers or colleagues, small group discussions, and business-like situations.
What is an example of a situation that would fall under the 'consultative' style of speech?
-An example of the 'consultative' style is a coach and an athlete discussing strategies or a doctor and a patient discussing medical concerns.
How is the 'casual' or 'informal' style of speech characterized?
-The 'casual' or 'informal' style is characterized by free and easy participation among peers and friends, using informal or colloquial diction or vocabulary.
What is an example of a situation that would use the 'casual' or 'informal' style of speech?
-Examples of the 'casual' or 'informal' style include internet chat rooms, tweets, personal emails, blogs, and conversations among friends reminiscing about shared experiences.
What is the 'intimate' style of speech and in which type of conversations is it used?
-The 'intimate' style is used in conversations between people who are very close, allowing for free and easy participation. The language used may not be shared in public and can include endearments.
Can you provide an example of a situation that would be represented by the 'intimate' style of speech?
-An example of the 'intimate' style is a boyfriend and girlfriend conversing, using terms of endearment like 'honey', 'babe', or 'mahal'.

Outlines

00:00

🗣️ Understanding Speech Styles and Formality

This paragraph introduces the concept of varying levels of formality in communication and the importance of adapting one's speech style based on the context. It emphasizes the need to recognize different speech styles used in social situations and to apply appropriate language forms. The paragraph sets the stage for a lesson on speech styles, starting with the 'frozen' style, which is highly formal and used in settings like palaces, churches, and state ceremonies. It involves complex language and ritualized expressions. The paragraph also mentions the importance of first impressions and how speech style can affect them, and it invites students to share their progress in English communication in the comment section.

05:00

📚 Types of Speech Styles and Their Applications

This paragraph delves into the different types of speech styles as identified by Martin Jews in 1976, explaining each style's purpose and typical use cases. It starts with the 'formal' style, which is used in situations with minimal shared background and one-way communication, such as speeches by political figures. The 'consultative' style is discussed next, highlighting its use in semi-formal settings with two-way participation, such as negotiations or small group discussions. The 'casual' or 'informal' style is described as being common among peers and friends, characterized by an easy participation and informal vocabulary. Lastly, the 'intimate' style is explained as being used between very close individuals, where language may be private and not shared publicly. The paragraph concludes with a quiz to test the audience's understanding of the speech styles discussed.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Formality

Formality refers to the level of politeness and adherence to conventions in communication. In the video, formality is a central theme, as it discusses the different levels of language used in communication based on the context. For example, the script contrasts 'what's up' with 'how do you do' to illustrate the difference between informal and formal greetings.

💡Speech Style

Speech style denotes the manner of speaking that is appropriate to a particular situation or audience. The video explains that speech styles vary from formal to informal and includes five distinct types, each with its own set of language characteristics and appropriate settings, such as 'frozen' for rituals and 'informal' for friends.

💡Formal Style

Formal style is characterized by a structured, prepared, and serious tone of communication, often used in official or public settings. The video cites President Duterte's speech as an example of formal style, where the speaker's words are pre-prepared and delivered in a manner that is meant to inform and captivate the audience.

💡Consultative Style

Consultative style is used in semi-formal settings where there is a need for dialogue and negotiation. It involves two-way communication between individuals who may have different information or perspectives. The video script mentions a coach and an athlete as an example, highlighting the interactive nature of this style.

💡Casual Style

Casual style is an informal manner of speaking that is common among peers and friends. It involves a relaxed and easy-going participation from both the speaker and listener, with the use of colloquial language. The script uses 'hey guys, let me go' as an example of casual speech.

💡Intimate Style

Intimate style is the most relaxed form of communication, used between people who have a close relationship. It is characterized by the use of private language and endearments that are not typically shared in public. The video provides the example of a boyfriend and girlfriend conversation, using terms like 'honey' and 'babe'.

💡Frozen Style

Frozen style is the most formal and traditional speech style, used in settings where the language is meant to be remembered and unchanged, such as in rituals, ceremonies, and oaths. The video describes an oath-taking ceremony as an example of frozen style, indicating that it is fixed and only revised with great care.

💡Communication Skills

Communication skills refer to the ability to effectively convey information and ideas. The video emphasizes the importance of these skills in choosing the right words and sentence structures to avoid misinterpretation, especially in different speech styles and contexts.

💡First Impressions

First impressions are the initial judgments made about someone or something, which can significantly influence future perceptions. The video mentions the saying 'first impressions last' to highlight the importance of the style of communication in making a good initial impact.

💡Oath-Taking Ceremony

An oath-taking ceremony is a formal event where individuals swear to uphold certain principles or commitments. The video uses this as an example of the frozen speech style, where the language is ritualized and remains largely unchanged over time.

💡Ritualized Expressions

Ritualized expressions are fixed phrases or forms of speech used in traditional or ceremonial contexts. The video explains that frozen style utilizes such expressions, which are customary and have been used over time in specific settings like oaths and prayers.

Highlights

Introduction to the topic of different levels of formality in communication.

Importance of using appropriate words and expressions when talking to different people.

The significance of speech style in oral communication class.

Invitation for students to share their progress in English communication.

Discussion on the differences between informal and formal greetings.

Explanation of degrees or levels of language used in communication.

Objectives of the lesson on identifying and applying speech styles.

The role of environment and number of people in determining communication style.

Analysis of direct sentences from dialogues and pictures to determine the best speech style.

Definition of speech style according to Martin Jews in 1976.

Description of the five classes of speech styles: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate.

Explanation of the frozen style and its use in very formal settings.

Identification of the oath taking ceremony as an example of frozen style.

Discussion on the formal style and its use in informing and captivating audiences.

Use of the consultative style in semi-formal communication and negotiation.

Casual or informal style's prevalence among peers and friends.

Intimate style's use in conversations between very close individuals.

Interactive exercise to test understanding of different speech styles.

Reflection on the challenges of online communication with classmates.

Encouragement for students to apply the lesson's concepts in daily activities.