Value as an Element of Art. Part 2. Shading techniques. Value scale. Value application in Art.

Art with Kunstler

23 Oct 202006:53

Summary

TLDRThis video script delves into the art of shading, a technique crucial for adding depth and realism to drawings. It introduces various methods like hatching, cross-hatching, and stippling, each producing unique tonal effects. The script emphasizes the importance of using different grade pencils and the ten-tone value scale for mastering shading. It advises starting with the darkest values and highlights the role of the eraser as a tool. Shading not only enhances contrast and three-dimensionality but also creates drama and mood, setting the stage for exploring advanced techniques like chiaroscuro.

Takeaways

🎨 Shading is essential in art to create illusions of form, space, and light.
🖌️ Artists can choose from various shading techniques based on their preferred style and the effect they want to achieve.
📏 Hatching involves drawing parallel lines closely together for darker values and further apart for lighter ones.
✳️ Cross hatching overlays lines in different directions to create darker values based on the density of the lines.
🔄 Circling uses circular motions to create smooth tonal values by layering and varying pressure.
🖍️ Scribbling applies overlapping scribbles to create texture and value, ideal for certain subjects.
👐 Blending is done by adjusting pressure or using tools to create smooth transitions between values, but fingers should be avoided.
🌌 Stippling or pointillism builds up value with small dots, with the dot density determining the darkness.
📐 Cross contour lines follow the shape of the subject to support form and create value.
✏️ Erasers are as important as pencils or charcoal for creating lighter values and correcting mistakes.
📊 Using different grade pencils is crucial for achieving various values, with harder pencils for light strokes and softer ones for darker values.
📈 The ten-tone value scale is a modern tool for artists to visualize and discuss value increments.
🖋 Starting with the darkest value when shading helps as a reference and allows for easier control of lighter values.
🎭 Value can be used to emphasize importance, create 3D effects, show depth, change object appearances, and create drama and mood.

Q & A

What is the process of adding value in a drawing to create an illusion of form, space, and light called?
-The process is called shading.
What are the distinct results produced by different shading methods?
-Different shading methods produce distinct results that can be chosen based on the type of art one wants to create.
How does hatching as a shading technique work?
-Hatching involves drawing line strokes in the same direction, with closer strokes creating darker values and more space between strokes resulting in lighter values.
What is cross hatching and how does it determine the value it produces?
-Cross hatching involves lines crossing over each other, and the density at which the lines cross and overlap determines the value produced.
How does circling as a shading technique differ from hatching and cross hatching?
-Circling involves a loose application of continuous strokes with circular motions, and layering with different pressure generates a range of smooth tonal values.
What is scribbling in the context of shading, and how does it create texture?
-Scribble shading is a loose application of overlapping scribbles, which not only creates values but also gives a sense of texture.
Why should you not use your finger for blending in a drawing?
-Using your finger for blending can ruin the drawing as the oils on your skin mixed with graphite can make the shading look blotchy and hard to correct or erase.
What is stippling or pointillism in shading, and how does it build up darker values?
-Stippling or pointillism is a shading technique that applies countless small dots to build up darker values, with the density of the dots determining the value produced.
How does cross contour differ from other shading techniques?
-Cross contour involves lines following the shape of the subject to support the form, and it can be done in many different ways.
What role does an eraser play in the process of shading?
-An eraser is an equal drawing tool to pencil or charcoal, used for creating lighter values or erasing, and also for drawing.
Why is it recommended to start shading with the darkest value?
-Starting with the darkest value allows for easier control and adjustment of the rest of the values, as it's easier to darken an area than to lighten it once the pencil's maximum darkness is reached.
What is the significance of using different grade pencils for different values in shading?
-Different grade pencils are used for different values to produce delicate light strokes with hard pencils (H) and darker values with soft pencils (B), which is useful for sketching and details.
How does the ten-tone value scale help artists in shading?
-The ten-tone value scale helps artists visualize and discuss shading by using terms like 'one tone down' or 'one tone up', and it serves as a reference tool for choosing the right value.
What is the purpose of practicing a value scale in shading?
-Practicing a value scale helps in mastering value and shading techniques, and it's a great way to understand how the same value can look lighter or darker next to different backgrounds.
How can value be used to emphasize importance in an artwork?
-Value can be used to emphasize what's important by creating areas of contrast, making objects appear three-dimensional, and showing depth and space.

Outlines

00:00

🎨 Shading Techniques in Art

This paragraph introduces the concept of shading in art, which is the process of adding value to create an illusion of form, space, and light. It explains that artists can choose from various shading techniques such as hatching, cross-hatching, circling, scribbling, blending, stippling, and cross-contour. Each technique produces distinct results and is suitable for different types of art. The paragraph also emphasizes the importance of using different grade pencils for different values and the use of an eraser as a drawing tool. It concludes with a brief mention of the ten-tone value scale used by artists for visualizing and discussing shading.

05:00

🖌️ Mastering Value and Shading

The second paragraph delves into the practical application of shading, advising artists to start with the darkest values to avoid reaching the pencil's maximum darkness too soon, which could necessitate erasing and potentially ruin the artwork. It suggests using small strokes for better control and patterning. The paragraph discusses the artistic benefits of understanding value, such as emphasizing important elements, creating three-dimensionality, showing depth, altering object appearances, and creating drama and mood through chiaroscuro. It also hints at a forthcoming video that will explore this value technique in more depth.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Shading

Shading refers to the process of adding value to create an illusion of form, space, and light in a drawing. It is a fundamental technique in art that helps artists represent depth, texture, and three-dimensionality on a two-dimensional surface. In the video, various shading techniques are discussed, each producing distinct visual effects, which are crucial for artists aiming to create realistic or expressive artwork.

💡Hatching

Hatching is a shading technique where line strokes are drawn in the same direction. By varying the density of these strokes, artists can create different values, from light to dark. In the script, hatching is mentioned as a method for creating darker values by drawing strokes closer together and lighter values by leaving more space in between.

💡Cross Hatching

Cross hatching is an extension of hatching where lines are drawn over existing hatching at a different angle, creating a grid-like pattern. This technique allows for the creation of darker values as the density of the intersecting lines increases. It is highlighted in the script as a method to determine value through the density of line strokes crossing and overlapping.

💡Circling

Circling involves applying continuous strokes in circular motions to create a range of smooth tonal values. This technique is particularly useful for creating areas of smooth shading without harsh lines. The script describes circling as a loose application of strokes with varying pressure to generate a range of values.

💡Scribble

Scribble, in the context of the video, refers to a loose application of overlapping scribbles, which not only creates values but also adds texture to the drawing. It is an excellent technique for specific subjects where a textured appearance is desired. The script mentions scribbling as a method that can be used to draw certain subjects effectively.

💡Blending

Blending is the process of smoothing out the transitions between different values to create a gradation of tones. It can be achieved by adjusting the pressure applied to the medium or using a blending tool. The script warns against using fingers for blending, as oils from the skin can mix with graphite and ruin the drawing.

💡Stippling

Stippling, also known as pointillism, is a shading technique where countless small dots are applied to build up darker values in the drawing. The density of the dots determines the value produced. This method is highlighted in the script as a way to create shading through the accumulation of small dots.

💡Cross Contour

Cross contour is a shading technique where contour lines follow the shape of the subject to support its form. This method is used to enhance the three-dimensional appearance of the subject by emphasizing its contours. The script mentions cross contour as a way to follow the shape of what is being drawn.

💡Eraser

In the context of the video, an eraser is not just for correcting mistakes but also a tool for creating lighter values or highlighting details in a drawing. It is used to draw as well as to erase, adding to the artist's ability to control the values in their artwork. The script emphasizes the eraser as an equal drawing tool alongside pencils or charcoal.

💡Value Scale

A value scale is a tool used by artists to visualize and control the range of values in their artwork. It typically ranges from 0 (white) to 10 (black), with increments representing different shades of gray. The script explains that artists use the value scale to practice and improve their shading techniques, and it helps in creating a consistent and harmonious range of values in a drawing.

💡Chiaroscuro

Chiaroscuro is a value technique used to create drama and mood in an artwork by using strong contrasts between light and dark. It is a method that originated during the Renaissance and is still widely used today. The script mentions that this technique will be explored further in a subsequent video, indicating its importance in the study of shading and value.

Highlights

Shading is the process of adding value to create an illusion of form, space, and light in a drawing.

Artists can choose from various shading methods to achieve distinct results in their art.

Hatching involves drawing line strokes in the same direction to create darker or lighter values by adjusting the density.

Cross hatching overlays lines in different directions to determine the value produced.

Circling uses continuous strokes with circular motions to generate smooth tonal values.

Scribble shading creates values and texture through overlapping scribbles.

Blending is achieved by adjusting pressure or using tools like a blending stump, not fingers, to avoid ruining the drawing.

Stippling or pointillism builds up darker values with countless small dots.

Cross contour follows the shape of the subject with contour lines to support form.

Erasers are essential tools for creating lighter values and correcting shading.

Different grade pencils are used for different values, with harder pencils for light strokes and softer for darker values.

The ten-tone value scale is a modern tool for visualizing and discussing shading values.

Shading should start with the darkest value to use the medium to its maximum and serve as a reference for lighter values.

Small strokes are recommended for better control and layering in shading.

Value in art can emphasize importance, create three-dimensionality, show depth, and change the appearance of objects.

Chiaroscuro is a value technique that creates drama and mood in artwork, to be explored in the next video.