PREPARASI LARUTAN INDUK, LARUTAN STANDAR & SAMPEL

Zeva Ella
27 Jul 202113:46

Summary

TLDRThis educational video script focuses on teaching students the preparation of solutions needed for spectrophotometry analysis. It covers the creation of stock solutions, standard solutions, and samples, emphasizing the importance of understanding the difference between them. The script guides through the process of calculating the amount of substance required for solution preparation, weighing the solid materials, dissolving them, and diluting to the desired volume. It also explains how to prepare standard and blank solutions, and the requirements for samples in UV-Vis spectrophotometry, including the need for samples to be in solution form and to have color. The lesson concludes with a practical assignment for students to prepare a stock solution and a standard solution for an iron analysis experiment.

Takeaways

  • 🔬 The lesson focuses on preparing solutions needed for spectrophotometry analysis.
  • 📚 The main learning objectives include calculating the amount of materials required to make stock solutions, standard solutions, and understanding sample preparation.
  • 🧪 Three types of solutions are discussed: stock solution, standard solution, and sample (analyte) solution.
  • 📏 The stock solution is prepared from pure substances and is used to create standard solutions.
  • 🔍 The procedure for preparing a stock solution involves weighing the solid substance, dissolving it in a solvent, and transferring it quantitatively into a volumetric flask.
  • 🔢 Calculation of the amount of substance needed for a stock solution is demonstrated using the formula: mass of solute (g) = (concentration of stock solution (g/L) × volume of stock solution (L)) / 1000.
  • 🌡 The preparation of a standard solution involves diluting the stock solution to a known concentration, using the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, and M2 and V2 are the desired concentration and volume of the standard solution.
  • 🏼 The blank solution is prepared similarly to the standard solution but without the addition of the stock solution, to serve as a control.
  • 🌈 For spectrophotometry, samples must be in solution form and should ideally be colored. If not, they can be oxidized or complexed to produce color.
  • 📝 The students are tasked with designing a procedure to prepare a 1000 PPM stock solution and a 20 PPM standard solution for an analysis of iron content in river water.

Q & A

  • What is the main goal of the learning session described in the transcript?

    -The main goal of the learning session is for the students to be able to calculate the amount of materials needed to prepare stock solutions, standard solutions, and sample solutions for spectrophotometry analysis.

  • What are the three types of solutions mentioned in the script that are needed for spectrophotometry analysis?

    -The three types of solutions mentioned are stock solution, standard solution, and sample solution.

  • What is a stock solution and how is it prepared?

    -A stock solution is a solution made from a pure solid substance that will be diluted to create several standard solutions. It is prepared by weighing the solid substance, dissolving it in a solvent, and then quantitatively transferring it into a volumetric flask to make up to the mark with the solvent.

  • How is the amount of substance needed for making a stock solution calculated?

    -The amount of substance needed for making a stock solution is calculated using the formula: mass of solute (g) = (concentration of stock solution (g/L) × volume of stock solution (L)) / 1000.

  • What is a standard solution and how is it different from a stock solution?

    -A standard solution is a solution with a known and precise concentration of the analyte, prepared from the stock solution by dilution. It is different from a stock solution in that it has a lower concentration and is used for calibration or to prepare other solutions with specific concentrations.

  • What is the purpose of a blank solution in spectrophotometry?

    -A blank solution in spectrophotometry is a solution that receives the same treatment as the sample but does not contain the analyte of interest. It is used to account for any background absorbance or interferences that may affect the measurements.

  • Why must samples be in solution form for UV-Vis spectrophotometry?

    -Samples must be in solution form for UV-Vis spectrophotometry because the technique measures the absorbance of light by the sample, which can only be accurately done when the sample is in a homogeneous solution.

  • What are the two methods mentioned in the script to make colorless samples colored for spectrophotometry?

    -The two methods mentioned to make colorless samples colored are oxidation to form colored ions, such as converting colorless Mn to pink permanganate ions, and the formation of colored complexes by adding complexing agents, such as turning colorless Fe ions into red complexes with thiocyanate.

  • What is the task given to the students at the end of the transcript?

    -The task given to the students is to perform an evaluation exercise in their book, which involves preparing 100 ml of a 1000 ppm stock solution and 100 ml of a 20 ppm standard solution for the analysis of iron content in river water using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

  • What is the key message the instructor emphasizes for success in learning?

    -The key message emphasized by the instructor for success in learning is the importance of action, as indicated by the phrase 'tindakan kalian tindakan untuk selalu belajar itu adalah kunci kalian untuk menuju kesuksesan', which translates to 'your actions, the actions to always learn, are the keys to your success'.

Outlines

00:00

🧪 Introduction to Spectrophotometric Analysis

The script introduces a chemistry lesson focused on spectrophotometry analysis, specifically the preparation of solutions required for the process. The lesson aims to teach students how to calculate the amount of materials needed to prepare a stock solution and standard solutions. The importance of understanding the difference between stock solutions, standard solutions, and samples is emphasized. The preparation process for a stock solution involves weighing a pure substance, dissolving it in a solvent, and then quantitatively transferring it to a volumetric flask to achieve a homogeneous solution. The lesson also covers the calculation of the amount of substance needed for the preparation of a stock solution, using the formula: mass of substance (mg) = (concentration of stock solution (g/L)) x (volume of stock solution (L)).

05:00

🔬 Preparation of Standard Solutions and Blank Solutions

This section delves into the preparation of standard solutions, which are treated the same as samples but with a known concentration of the component of interest. The process involves diluting the stock solution to achieve a specific concentration. The calculation for the preparation of standard solutions is explained using the dilution formula: C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, and C2 and V2 are the desired concentration and volume of the standard solution. The script also discusses the preparation of blank solutions, which are treated like samples but without the presence of the component to be measured. The preparation method is similar to that of standard solutions but without the addition of the stock solution, consisting only of the solvent and any reaction reagents that would be added to the sample.

10:02

🌐 Sample Preparation for UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

The final paragraph discusses the preparation of samples for UV-Vis spectrophotometry. It highlights that samples must be in solution form to be measured and if solid, they must be extracted or dissolved first. Additionally, samples should be colored or made to be colored if they are not, through processes like oxidation or complex formation with colorless ions. The lesson concludes with an assignment for students to prepare a stock solution and a standard solution for an analysis of iron content in river water using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The students are tasked with calculating the materials needed and designing the procedure for making these solutions, following the principles learned in the lesson. The script ends with an encouragement for students to continue learning and maintaining their health.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Spectrophotometric analysis

Spectrophotometric analysis is a method used to measure the concentration of a substance by observing its interaction with light. In the video, this technique is central to the theme as it is used to analyze the concentration of substances like iron in water samples. The script discusses preparing solutions needed for this type of analysis, indicating its importance in the laboratory procedures being taught.

💡Stock solution

A stock solution, also known as a stock or mother solution, is a concentrated solution of a substance prepared for the purpose of diluting it to create more dilute solutions. In the context of the video, the preparation of a stock solution is a key step in the process of creating standard solutions for spectrophotometric analysis. The script provides a detailed procedure for preparing a stock solution with a specific concentration.

💡Standard solution

A standard solution is a solution of known concentration used as a reference in analytical chemistry. It is prepared from a stock solution and is crucial for calibration and quality control in spectrophotometric analysis. The video script describes the process of diluting a stock solution to create standard solutions with specific concentrations, which are then used to determine the concentration of unknown samples.

💡Sample solution

The sample solution, or analyte, is the solution being tested in an experiment. It is the substance whose properties are being analyzed. In the video, the preparation and analysis of sample solutions are discussed in the context of determining the concentration of iron in water samples using spectrophotometry. The script emphasizes the importance of sample preparation in obtaining accurate results.

💡Dilution

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent. In the video, dilution is a key concept in preparing standard solutions from stock solutions. The script provides an example of calculating the volume of stock solution needed to prepare a standard solution of a specific concentration, illustrating the mathematical aspect of dilution.

💡Volumetric flask

A volumetric flask is a type of glassware used to prepare solutions of precise volume and concentration. In the video script, volumetric flasks are mentioned as a tool for transferring and diluting solutions to a known volume, which is essential for creating solutions with accurate concentrations for spectrophotometric analysis.

💡Homogenization

Homogenization is the process of making a solution uniform by ensuring that all parts of the solution have the same properties. In the context of the video, homogenization is important for ensuring that the prepared solutions are consistent and free from any concentration gradients, which could affect the accuracy of spectrophotometric measurements.

💡Concentration

Concentration in chemistry refers to the amount of a substance present in a given volume of solution. The video script discusses the importance of knowing and calculating concentration, especially when preparing standard and sample solutions for spectrophotometric analysis. Accurate concentration measurements are crucial for the reliability of the analytical results.

💡Complexation

Complexation is the process of forming a complex by the combination of a central atom or ion with a set of molecules or ions. In the video, complexation is mentioned as a method to create colored complexes from colorless ions, which is important for spectrophotometric analysis as it requires the sample to have color. The script provides an example of turning a colorless iron ion into a red-complexed ion by adding a complexing agent.

💡Oxidation

Oxidation is a chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of an atom. In the video, oxidation is discussed as a method to convert colorless substances into colored ones, which can then be analyzed spectrophotometrically. The script gives an example of oxidizing a colorless manganese compound to form a pink permanganate ion, which is a necessary step for its analysis.

💡Blank solution

A blank solution in analytical chemistry is a solution that is prepared and treated in the same way as the samples but without the presence of the analyte. In the video script, the blank solution is mentioned as a control to account for any background color or interference in the spectrophotometric analysis. It helps in ensuring that the measurements are specific to the analyte of interest.

Highlights

Introduction to the preparation of solutions needed for spectrophotometry analysis.

Objective of the lesson is to calculate the amount of materials required to make stock solutions and standard solutions.

Explanation of the difference between stock solution, standard solution, and sample solution in spectrophotometry.

Procedure for preparing stock solution includes weighing solid substances and dissolving them in a solvent.

Transferring the dissolved substance quantitatively into a volumetric flask to make the stock solution.

Homogenization of the solution to ensure it is completely uniform.

Calculation method for determining the amount of substance needed for stock solution preparation.

Conversion of mass concentration to molarity for stock solution preparation.

Procedure for preparing standard solutions from stock solutions with known concentration.

Explanation of the dilution formula used in preparing standard solutions.

Preparation of blank solutions which undergo the same treatment as samples but without the sample component.

Requirements for sample solutions in UV-Vis spectrophotometry, including being in liquid form and having color.

Methods to make colorless samples colored for spectrophotometry analysis, such as oxidation or complex formation.

Assignment given to students to prepare 100 ml of 1000 ppm stock solution and 100 ml of 20 ppm standard solution for iron analysis.

Emphasis on the importance of action and continuous learning as keys to success.

Encouragement to maintain enthusiasm and health despite learning in challenging conditions.

Transcripts

play00:00

Hai Halo selamat pagi anak-anak berjumpa

play00:17

lagi dengan sampai pada hari ini dalam

play00:20

pembelajaran analisis kimia lulus rumen

play00:22

dan pada hari ini kita akan mempelajari

play00:25

tentang preparat si larutan-larutan yang

play00:29

dibutuhkan di dalam analisis

play00:32

spektrofotometri Selamat belajar

play00:34

anak-anak tetap semangat dan terjaga

play00:37

kesehatan ya tujuan pembelajaran pada

play00:41

hari ini adalah kalian dapat menghitung

play00:44

jumlah bahan yang diperlukan untuk

play00:45

membuat larutan induk larutan standart

play00:48

hukum Islam persiapan sampel Kalian juga

play00:51

dapat merancang prosedur untuk membuat

play00:54

larutan induk larutan standar dan sampai

play00:56

itu adalah tujuan dari pembelajaran kita

play01:00

gini Jadi kalian semua harus menguasai

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tentang hal-hal yang harus disiapkan

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dalam preparasi larutan nah Larutan apa

play01:07

sajakah yang diperlukan dalam analisa

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spektrofotometri yaitu ada tiga larutan

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yang harus kita siapkan yang pertama

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adalah larutan induk larutan standar dan

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sampel atau biasanya disebut analat nah

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disini kalian harus bisa membedakan

play01:25

larutan induk Seperti apa larutan

play01:28

standar Seperti apa dan sampel itu

play01:30

seperti apa Berikut ini akan kita

play01:34

pelajari yang pertama adalah larutan

play01:37

induk Seperti apakah larutan Indo itu

play01:40

larutan induk itu adalah larutan yang

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dibuat dari padatan zat murni yang

play01:45

nantinya akan diencerkan menjadi

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beberapa larutan standart

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Hai jadi apabila kita menganalisa

play01:52

konsentrasi besi atau Evi maka larutan

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induk dibuat dari padatan yang

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mengandung efek atau jika kita ingin

play02:02

menganalisa Cu maka padatan itu harus

play02:05

pula mengandung Cu itu adalah bahan

play02:08

untuk membuat larutan induk kemudian

play02:12

Seperti apakah prosedur nya untuk

play02:15

preparasi larutan induk atau Biasanya

play02:17

kita sebut larutan stok yang pertama

play02:20

seperti kita lihat pada gambar itu apa

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yang dilakukan anak Iya benar itu adalah

play02:26

menimbang padatan menimbang bahan

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sebelumnya kita harus menghitung

play02:30

terlebih dahulu beberapa bahan yang

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dibutuhkan kemudian menimbang padatan

play02:34

murni yang mengandung komponen yang mau

play02:36

diukur tadi kemudian cara yang kedua

play02:41

padatan yang telah kita timbang tadi

play02:43

kemudian kita larutkan dengan aquades

play02:46

dalam beaker Glass di

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hutan pelarutnya dipakai lain misalkan

play02:52

pakai alkohol kita juga pakai pelarut

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yang lain kemudian yang ketiga adalah

play02:59

setelah kita larutkan kita pindahkan

play03:02

secara kuantitatif ke dalam labu takar

play03:04

yang sesuai jadi kalau kita ingin

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membuat larutan sebanyak 50 ml maka kita

play03:11

masukkan atau kita pindahkan ke dalam

play03:13

labu takar lima puluh mili jika ingin

play03:16

membuat larutan 100 mili kita masukkan

play03:18

labu takar 100 mili langkah yang

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berikutnya adalah kita tambahkan

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aquadest sampai tanda batas jika disitu

play03:30

pelarutnya adalah aquades setelah pada

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sampai tanda batas kita lab dindingnya

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ya kita lab di ngnya layar pada leher

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labu takar Setelah itu kita homogenkan

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sampai larutan itu benar-benar homogen

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Hai kemudian Bagaimanakah menghitung

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bahan yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat

play03:55

larutan stok atau larutan induk misalkan

play03:58

yang kita buat adalah Rutan stok fv100

play04:00

cm sebanyak 1500 sini konsentrasi

play04:07

larutan stok nya adalah 100dbm dan

play04:10

volumenya adalah sebanyak 1006a sukan ke

play04:14

dalam rumusnya TVM gimana BBM = MG per

play04:18

liter nah disini karena konsentrasi

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stoknya ingin kita buat adalah 100gm

play04:24

maka kita Tuliskan 100.6 MG nya ini

play04:28

adalah MG Fe yang mau kita cari

play04:31

Hai kemudian volumenya 1000 mili ini

play04:34

kita terubah menjadi count liter

play04:40

sehingga = 1 liter nah MG disini berarti

play04:44

kita kalikan silang 100 kali satu disini

play04:47

diperoleh 100 mg nah MG ini kita rubah

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menjadi satuan gram jadi g f yang

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dibutuhkan adalah sebanyak 0,1 G jadi

play05:00

100 mg tadi dibagi dengan 1000 sehingga

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berubah menjadi 0,1 G satuannya adalah

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gram kemudian langkah yang kedua karena

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efek tidak ada dalam bentuk FM murni

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tetapi dalam padatan fe2 so4 3 kali yang

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tersedia di lab itu adalah senyawa yang

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harus kita larutkan maka kita harus

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mencari Berapakah jumlah senyawa fe2 so4

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3 kali yang dibutuhkan nah g f ini yang

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kita peroleh dari perhitungan tadi pakai

play05:31

rumus

play05:31

give kali air Eve Premier senyawanya

play05:36

Hai kali dengan masa senyawanya disitu

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senyawanya adalah bentuk F itu so43 kali

play05:42

Nah 0,1 ini adalah dari perhitungan yang

play05:45

sebelumnya 0,1 G v880g jumlah efeknya

play05:53

adalah dua atom sedangkan Arya FB adalah

play05:57

56 dan Mrs V 21 43 kali itu sama dengan

play06:03

400 dikali dengan masa senyawa yang

play06:07

harus kita larutkan berapa jika

play06:09

senyawanya berbeda maka rumus juga akan

play06:12

berbeda kemudian ketemu di sini kita

play06:16

kali silang maka massa fe2 so4 3 kali

play06:19

adalah 0,1 kali 400 dibagi dengan dua

play06:23

kali 56 disini diperoleh 0,35 71 G jadi

play06:31

padatan fe2 so4 3 kali yang kita timbang

play06:35

tadi pada

play06:36

pertama adalah sebanyak 0,35 71 G untuk

play06:42

membuat 1000 ml larutan stok FTV dengan

play06:46

konsentrasi 100 BPM Kemudian yang kedua

play06:50

adalah larutan standar nah Seperti

play06:53

apakah larutan standart itu larutan

play06:55

standart itu dia adalah rotan yang

play06:57

mendapat perlakuan yang sama dengan

play06:59

sampelnya dan dia mengandung komponen

play07:02

sampel dengan konsentrasi tertentu yang

play07:05

sudah kita ketahui secara pasti jadi

play07:08

misalkan larutan standart v20t pm5 BBM

play07:12

kita sudah tahu secara pasti

play07:13

konsentrasinya berapa kemudian larutan

play07:17

standart itu dibuat dari mana dia adalah

play07:20

dibuat dari larutan induk yang

play07:23

diencerkan jadi larutan induk yang

play07:25

pertama sebagai kita buat tadi kita

play07:27

encerkan menjadi beberapa larutan

play07:29

standar dengan konsentrasi tertentu

play07:32

misalkan 5-10 dan lain sebagainya

play07:36

kemudian Bagaimanakah reparasinya yang

play07:39

pertama adalah kita harus menghitung

play07:41

dulu Berapa volume larutan stok yang

play07:43

dibutuhkan untuk membuat suatu larutan

play07:46

standar kemudian memipet larutan stok

play07:48

itu dan memasukkan ke dalam labu takar

play07:53

yang sesuai misal kita membuat larutan

play07:56

standar sebanyak 50 ml maka labu takar

play08:00

yang kita pakai adalah labu takar 50

play08:03

mili ke mudian langkah berikutnya kita

play08:08

tambahkan aquades jika pelarutnya

play08:10

aquades kita tambahkan aquades ke dalam

play08:13

labu takar hingga tanda batasnya setelah

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mencapai tanda batas jangan lupa kalian

play08:22

mengeringkan leher laput akarnya dengan

play08:25

kertas saring nah Bagaimanakah

play08:28

perhitungannya untuk preparasi larutan

play08:30

standart itu dengan rumus pengenceran

play08:32

karena kita mengencerkan dari larutan

play08:34

stok jadi M1

play08:36

satu stok = M2 V2 standart m disini bisa

play08:41

diganti dengan pipi m-nya larutan stok

play08:43

dan standart contoh kita ingin membuat

play08:47

50 ml utan standart SE5 PPM nah disitu

play08:51

kita lihat m-nya adalah 100.0 tadi m

play08:55

buahnya adalah lima PPM larutan standar

play08:57

yang ingin kita buat 50 disitu adalah

play09:01

volume larutan standart diperoleh 2,5

play09:05

milih jadi kita harus memipet 2,5 mili

play09:08

larutan stok kemudian ada lagi larutan

play09:14

namanya larutan blanko disitu Biasanya

play09:17

kita sebut larutan standar no lebih PM

play09:21

jadi dia mendapat perlakuan yang sama

play09:23

dengan sampel tapi tidak mengandung

play09:26

komponen sampel misalkan yang kita ukur

play09:28

adalah SY atau besi maka dalam larutan

play09:31

blanko itu kita tidak ada FB atau tidak

play09:35

ada

play09:36

sinyal nah Bagaimanakah preparasinya

play09:41

atau pembuatannya tipe parasnya sama

play09:44

dengan larutan standar hanya saja kalau

play09:47

tadi larutan standar kita memipet

play09:49

larutan stok kalau bilang kalau kita

play09:51

tidak perlu memipet larutan stok di

play09:53

dalamnya hanya terdiri pelarutnya sama

play09:56

larutan pereaksi yang ditambahkan dalam

play09:59

sampel karena itu dia perlakuannya sama

play10:02

dengan sampel tapi tidak ada parutan

play10:04

stoknya nah kemudian sampel Apa sih

play10:10

bedanya dengan larutan standart kalau

play10:12

larutan standart kita tahu konsentrasi

play10:14

Efi atau konsentrasi zat yang mau diukur

play10:17

berapa konsentrasinya tetapi dalam

play10:19

larutan sampel kita masih belum tahu

play10:22

komponen di dalamnya itu konsentrasinya

play10:26

berapa judi yang mau kita ukur

play10:29

konsentrasinya dalam spektrofotometer

play10:31

uv-vis itu disebut samper

play10:36

nah syarat sampel dalam spektrofotometri

play10:38

uv-vis itu ada beberapa macam yang

play10:41

pertama itu harus diukur dalam bentuk

play10:46

larutan jadi dalam bentuk larutan baru

play10:48

bisa diukur nah jika sampelnya padatan

play10:51

maka kita harus mengekstraksi dulu atau

play10:54

kita harus melarutkan dulu sehingga

play10:56

berubah menjadi larutan jadi meskipun

play10:59

padatan sampelnya kita masih bisa

play11:01

mengukur dengan spektrofotometri uv-vis

play11:04

kemudian Syarat yang ketiga sampelnya

play11:07

harus berwarna atau dibuat berwarna Jika

play11:11

dia awalnya tidak berwarna maka kita

play11:14

harus membuat menjadi senyawa yang

play11:16

berwarna Bagaimanakah caranya itu bisa

play11:20

dengan yang pertama proses oksidasi

play11:25

misalkan MN atau mangan yang awalnya dia

play11:28

tidak berwarna di harus dirubah dulu

play11:31

menjadi ion permanganat melalui reaksi

play11:34

oksidasi sehingga

play11:36

larutannya berubah menjadi warna pink

play11:39

itu cara pertama untuk membuat sampel

play11:42

yang tidak berwarna menjadi berwarna

play11:45

rencana yang kedua itu adalah pembuatan

play11:50

senyawa kompleks ini yang paling sering

play11:52

kita lakukan nantinya adalah pembuatan

play11:54

senyawa kompleks itu dengan menambahkan

play11:57

senyawa pengompleks misalkan ion Ferri

play12:00

yang tidak berumur berwarna dapat diubah

play12:04

menjadi senyawa kompleks berwarna merah

play12:06

dengan menambahkan KYT itu adalah

play12:10

pengompleks Nah setelah kalian pelajari

play12:14

tadi semua yang sudah pesan dijelaskan

play12:17

sekarang Tugas kalian adalah mengerjakan

play12:20

satu soal evaluasi di buku

play12:24

Hai Kakak kalian yang jadi soalnya

play12:27

adalah dikatakan melakukan praktikum

play12:29

analisa kadar besi dalam air sungai

play12:32

menggunakan spektrofotometer uv-vis nah

play12:36

dalam kelompok itu dia mendapat tugas

play12:38

membuat 100 mil larutan stok 1000 PPM

play12:41

dan 100 ml utan standar fx20 PPM nah

play12:46

disitu kalian diminta untuk menganalisa

play12:48

alat apa saja yang harus disiapkan oleh

play12:51

Dika untuk membuat kedua larutan

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tersebut kemudian menghitung berapa

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bahan yang dibutuhkan dan merancang

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prosedur nya untuk membuat kedua larutan

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tersebut seperti yang sudah saya

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jelaskan tadi karena harus mengamati

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membuat awetan stok dan standart nah

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sekian pembelajaran hari ini anak-anak

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Nah kunci dasar untuk semua kesuksesan

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itu adalah tindakan maka tindakan kalian

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tindakan untuk selalu belajar itu adalah

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kunci kalian

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untuk menuju kesuksesan Jadi sarapan

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kalian tetap semangat ya Meskipun

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belajar dalam kondisi garing seperti ini

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selalu semangat dan jaga kesehatan ya

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anak-anak semua sampai jumpa lagi

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[Tepuk tangan]

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