Perlawanan Demak terhadap Portugis

Summary

This video discusses the history of Demak's resistance against the Portuguese during the colonial era. It highlights key events, including the 1513 and 1521 expeditions led by Pati Unus to reclaim Malacca from Portuguese control. Despite Pati Unus' bravery, the campaigns initially failed. However, in 1527, Fatahillah successfully expelled the Portuguese from Sunda Kelapa, renaming it Jayakarta. The video concludes with an invitation for viewers to engage through comments, subscribe for future content, and share the video on social media.

Takeaways

• 📜 In 1511, Malacca fell to the Portuguese, disrupting trade in Asia due to their monopoly system.
• ⚔️ The Kingdom of Demak, led by Raden Patah, sent Pati Unus to launch an attack on Portuguese-controlled Malacca to prevent further aggression towards Demak.
• ⛴️ In 1513, Pati Unus led the first Jihad expedition with 100 ships and 5,000 soldiers, but it failed due to the superior Portuguese defense.
• 💀 During the battle, Demak lost 70 ships and 800 soldiers, forcing Pati Unus to retreat.
• 👑 Pati Unus later ascended the throne of Demak, becoming king after Raden Patah.
• 🛡️ In 1521, Pati Unus launched a second attack with 375 ships to help Sultan Mahmud Shah of Malacca reclaim the city from the Portuguese, but he was killed in battle.
• 🌍 Due to his bravery, Pati Unus earned the title 'Pangeran Sabranglor,' meaning 'Prince who died across the North Sea.'
• 🏴‍☠️ In 1527, Demak forces led by Fatahillah, with support from Banten and Cirebon, successfully expelled the Portuguese from Sunda Kelapa.
• 🎉 Sunda Kelapa was renamed Jayakarta, meaning 'victory,' by Sunan Gunung Jati after the Portuguese were defeated.
• 💍 Fatahillah married the widow of Pati Unus and became the son-in-law of Sunan Gunung Jati, marking the end of Demak's resistance against the Portuguese.

Q & A

What was the main reason behind the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511?

The Portuguese captured Malacca in 1511 and imposed a monopoly system that disrupted trade in the region, leading to instability in Asia.

Why did the Kingdom of Demak attack Malacca after it fell to the Portuguese?

Demak, under the leadership of Raden Patah, attacked Malacca to prevent the Portuguese from threatening Demak and to restore the strength of the Malacca Kingdom.

Who led the attacks from the Demak Kingdom against the Portuguese, and when did these attacks occur?

Pati Unus led the attacks from Demak against the Portuguese, with the first attack occurring in 1513 and the second in 1521.

What was the size of Pati Unus’ first expedition in 1513?

Pati Unus’ first expedition in 1513 consisted of 100 ships and 5,000 soldiers, with 30 large ships called ‘Jung’ carrying significant artillery.

What were the results of Pati Unus' first attack on Malacca in 1513?

The first attack in 1513 was a failure, with 70 Demak ships destroyed, 800 soldiers killed, and Pati Unus forced to retreat.

What happened to Pati Unus during the second attack on Malacca in 1521?

During the second attack in 1521, Pati Unus was killed in battle, earning him the title 'Pangeran Sabranglor,' meaning 'prince who fell in the northern seas.'

Who succeeded Pati Unus as the ruler of Demak after his death?

After Pati Unus' death, Trenggana became the ruler of the Demak Kingdom.

How did the Demak Kingdom finally achieve victory over the Portuguese?

In 1527, under the leadership of Fatahillah, Demak forces successfully defeated the Portuguese at Sunda Kelapa with support from Banten and Cirebon.

What was the significance of the battle at Sunda Kelapa in 1527?

The battle at Sunda Kelapa in 1527 resulted in the expulsion of the Portuguese and the renaming of Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta, symbolizing the victory of Demak.

What role did Sunan Gunung Jati play in the aftermath of Demak's victory over the Portuguese?

Sunan Gunung Jati initiated the renaming of Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta and arranged the marriage of Fatahillah to Pati Unus’ widow, solidifying political alliances.