Wacana Amandemen UUD 1945, Presiden Kembali Dipilih MPR?

Summary

The discussion centers around the ongoing debate regarding potential amendments to Indonesia's 1945 Constitution. A key issue raised is the proposal to revert the presidential election process to the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), rather than a direct popular vote. Figures such as former MPR Chairman Amien Rais and legal experts weigh in on the matter, emphasizing the importance of public opinion and political transparency. Critics stress the need for careful consideration of the urgency and consequences of constitutional changes, warning against making experimental or politically motivated amendments.

Takeaways

• 📝 One of the emerging issues in the discussion on amending the 1945 Constitution is the proposal to revert the process of electing the president to the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly).
• 🤝 Former MPR chairman Amien Rais expressed no objections to the idea of the president being elected by the MPR again, citing issues with the current direct election system.
• ⚖️ Habiburrahman from the Gerindra party believes the discussion on this issue is still far from resolution and emphasizes that any changes must consider public aspirations.
• 🔄 The idea of reverting presidential elections to the MPR has emerged along with discussions about broader constitutional amendments, such as the term limit for the president and the addition of a new national development guideline (PPHN).
• 📊 The MPR claims it is merely gathering public input and will pass this on to the next MPR leadership, which will take office from 2024 to 2029.
• ⚠️ Constitutional law expert Bivitri Susanti warns against making changes to the constitution based on the desires of a few political elites and stresses that any amendments should address real, urgent issues.
• 💡 Susanti also notes that issues like presidential term limits or election procedures should be thoroughly analyzed before amending the constitution, which is a foundational social contract.
• 🔍 The discussion of amending the constitution includes concerns about the 'presidential threshold,' which some argue limits the people's ability to freely choose their leader.
• ⚠️ Susanti emphasizes that amendments should not be experimental and rushed, but should be based on careful analysis of the problems at hand.
• 📢 The MPR assures that it will consider all public inputs before making any decisions, acknowledging that any constitutional amendment must reflect the will of the people.

Q & A

What is one of the main issues being discussed in the amendment of the 1945 Constitution?

One of the main issues is the proposal to return the process of electing the president to the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly) instead of a direct election.

What was former MPR Chairman Amien Rais's stance on returning the presidential election process to the MPR?

Amien Rais expressed that he would not oppose the return of the presidential election process to the MPR, citing the high costs and potential corruption in direct elections.

What is the position of the Gerindra Party regarding the discussion of returning the presidential election process to the MPR?

The Gerindra Party believes that the discussion is still far from being concluded and emphasizes that any changes to the presidential election process must consider the aspirations of the people.

What concerns were raised regarding the potential amendment of the 1945 Constitution?

Concerns were raised that the process of amending the Constitution should not be driven by specific political interests and that it must consider the aspirations of the public.

What historical context did constitutional law expert Bivitri Susanti provide regarding constitutional changes?

Bivitri Susanti highlighted that constitutional changes usually follow significant political shifts, such as those after 1998 or during the formation of the 1949 Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia.

What did Bivitri Susanti emphasize about the nature of constitutional amendments?

Bivitri Susanti emphasized that constitutional amendments should not be done experimentally or based on the desires of a few political elites, and that thorough analysis is needed to determine if changes are necessary.

What is the current stance of the MPR regarding the amendment of the 1945 Constitution?

The MPR is open to discussing amendments, but it has not yet discussed the specific issue of returning the presidential election process to the MPR. They emphasize that any amendments should consider public aspirations.

What is the importance of public aspirations in the discussion of constitutional amendments?

Public aspirations are considered crucial in the discussion of constitutional amendments, as the MPR represents the sovereignty of the people and should reflect their interests in any changes.

What is the potential timeline for discussing the amendments to the 1945 Constitution?

The timeline for discussing amendments may be delayed, as the current MPR's term is ending soon, and the issue may be passed on to the next MPR for further consideration.

What is the primary concern raised by both MPR representatives and constitutional law experts regarding amending the Constitution?

The primary concern is ensuring that any amendments are well thought out, based on thorough analysis, and not driven by the interests of a few, while considering the broader implications for the country's political system.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Debate on Returning Presidential Elections to the MPR

This paragraph discusses the emerging debate about amending the 1945 Constitution to return the process of electing the president to the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly) instead of direct elections. Samin Rais, the former MPR chairman (2009-2014), expresses openness to this idea, arguing that it might reduce corruption since it would be harder to bribe millions of voters in a direct election. On the other hand, the process of electing the president by the MPR would allow more careful deliberation. However, the Gerindra Party believes that this discussion is still far from concrete and emphasizes the need to listen to public aspirations before making such a significant change.

05:00

🗳️ Public Consultation Before Amending the Constitution

The second paragraph continues the discussion on the proposed constitutional amendments, focusing on the need for public and political consultation. The MPR leadership acknowledges that the constitutional amendment should not be done hastily or solely for the benefit of specific political interests. It is emphasized that the process should be based on a thorough public consultation, respecting the aspirations of the people and all political stakeholders. The MPR's role is to gather input, and the actual amendment process should wait until after the elections, allowing time for more comprehensive discussions.

10:01

⚖️ MPR’s Role in Constitutional Amendments

This paragraph delves into the legal and procedural aspects of constitutional amendments. The MPR's responsibility is to gather input from various stakeholders, including political parties and the public. Any proposed changes, including how the president is elected, must be carefully examined to ensure they address real issues rather than being driven by political elites' desires. Constitutional changes should follow a rigorous process, ensuring that all relevant voices are heard and that any amendments align with the nation’s democratic values.

Keywords

💡Amandemen

Amendment, in this context, refers to the process of making changes to the Indonesian 1945 Constitution (UUD 45). The discussion revolves around the proposal to return the presidential election process to the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). This is a significant shift from the current direct election system.

💡Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (UUD 45)

The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia, the foundational legal document of the country. The video discusses potential amendments to this constitution, specifically focusing on the presidential election process and other political reforms.

💡MPR (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat)

The People's Consultative Assembly, a legislative body in Indonesia. The debate centers on whether the MPR should resume its former role in electing the president, instead of the current direct election system.

💡Pemilihan Presiden

Presidential Election, the process of electing the president of Indonesia. The video explores the idea of changing this process from a direct election by the people to an election by the MPR, highlighting the pros and cons of each method.

💡One Man One Vote

A democratic principle where each person's vote has equal weight. The discussion contrasts this with the proposed system where the MPR would elect the president, arguing that the direct election system reduces the risk of corruption due to the sheer number of voters.

💡Reformasi 1998

The 1998 Reform movement in Indonesia that led to significant political changes, including the transition to direct presidential elections. The video references this period to discuss the implications of reverting to an MPR-based election system.

💡Aspirasi Rakyat

People's Aspirations, reflecting the opinions and desires of the general public. The video emphasizes the importance of considering public opinion in deciding whether to amend the constitution and change the presidential election process.

💡Demokrasi

Democracy, a system of government where power is vested in the people. The video discusses the democratic process in Indonesia and the potential impact of changing the presidential election method on the country's democratic principles.

💡PDI-P (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)

Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, a major political party in Indonesia. The party's proposal for constitutional amendments initially focused on reintroducing the State Policy Guidelines (GBHN), sparking further discussions on broader political reforms.

💡Presidential Threshold

A requirement that limits the number of presidential candidates by setting a minimum level of support from political parties. The video highlights concerns that this threshold limits voters' choices and influences the democratic process.

💡Konstitusi

Constitution, the fundamental legal framework of a country. The video delves into the complexities and significance of constitutional amendments, stressing the need for careful consideration and public input before making changes.

Highlights

The amendment of the 1945 Constitution is resurfacing as a prominent issue, specifically focusing on the potential return of presidential elections to the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR).

MPR Chairperson, Samin Rais, expresses openness to having the president once again elected by the MPR, citing the impracticality of influencing millions of voters in a direct election.

Samin Rais emphasizes that corruption in the presidential election process could be avoided by reverting to the MPR election system instead of direct voting.

The Gerindra Party Vice Chairman, Habiburrahman, suggests that the discussion about changing the presidential election process should prioritize public aspirations and ensure that reforms are not driven by specific political interests.

Habiburrahman acknowledges that the current electoral system has been a long and politically intense process, stemming from the post-1998 reform era, and a return to MPR-led elections would be a major reversal.

The suggestion to amend the Constitution and bring back MPR-elected presidents has sparked debates about whether this would result in a return to an extreme system of governance.

Gerindra Party officials argue that any significant changes to the presidential election process need to be thoroughly examined, focusing on whether the people's aspirations are being represented.

Constitutional law expert Bivitri Susanti highlights that amending a constitution should not be done lightly, and it should follow a major political change, emphasizing the need for careful analysis of the current issues.

Bivitri Susanti also emphasizes that criticisms of the presidential election system should address technical laws, such as the Presidential Threshold, rather than the Constitution itself.

The debate includes concerns about whether the Constitution itself is flawed or if political actors and laws are causing governance issues.

MPR member Syarif Hasan stresses that MPR is simply a vessel for people's aspirations and will involve all stakeholders, including political parties and civil society, before making any amendments.

Syarif Hasan reiterates that discussions on constitutional amendments will involve comprehensive analysis and consultation with experts to avoid sudden or experimental changes.

Bivitri Susanti warns against experimenting with constitutional changes without first conducting thorough research to find the root causes of any governance issues.

The MPR is expected to open discussions for amendments after the 2024 elections, but with careful consideration of whether any changes are truly necessary for the public interest.

There is an overarching concern that any constitutional amendments should prioritize public interests and avoid serving political elites or specific interest groups.

Transcripts

salah satu isu yang mengemuka dalam

wacana amandemen undang-undang Dasar 45

kali ini adalah dikembalikannya proses

pemilihan presiden ke lembaga

MPR usai bertemu dengan pimpinan MPR

Ketua MPR periode 2009-204 Samin Rais

menyatakan tidak keberatan jika nanti

presiden kembali dipilih oleh

MPR dulu

kalau dipilih langsung One Man One foot

Ya mana mungkin ada orang mau menyogok

120 juta pemilih mana mungkin perlu

puluhan Mungin ratusan triliun Ternyata

mungkin Nah itu loh ya memang itu luar

biasa kita ini ya nah jadi sekarang

kalau mau dikembalikan dipilih MPR

Mengapa tidak ya m kan orangnya akan

berpikir ya punya apa punya apa punya

punya pertimbangan Ya tapi kalau rakyat

pada umumnya itu biasanya ya di Amerika

itu ada

namanya demokrasi jadi dolarokrasi ya

kalau kita itu DII rupiah atauokrasi dan

rupiah brengsek semua Kemudian ya jadi

itu sajalah

ya soal wacana presiden kembali dipilih

MPR partai Gerindra menyatakan

pembahasan wacana tersebut masih terlalu

jauh wakil ketua umum partai Gerindra

Habiburrahman menilai penentuan Apakah

pemilihan presiden dikembalikan lagi ke

mpr atau tetap melewati Pemilu seperti

saat ini harus benar-benar memperhatikan

aspirasi rakyat meski proses pemilu

dipandang melelahkan perubahan proses

pemilihan presiden ke depan tak bisa

serta-merta diubah atas kepentingan

tertentu masih jauh itu ya pembahasannya

masih jauh ya karena kita enggak gampang

itu ini kan pemilu dari dari memilih

dipilih oleh MPR ke DPR proses yang

sangat-sangat e panjang dan ee apa E

jiwa politik yang amat besar yaitu

reformasi 98 ya Apakah kita kembali lagi

ke MPR artinya kan kita rem to exstrem

to ekstrem lagi kan Apakah ada solusi

yang lain tidak murni seperti 2000 apa

8 ke belakang ya kan

ee apa namanya di zaman ord baru ya

tidak Mur seperti itu tapi ada semacam

Jalan tengahnya gitu kan Tapi kita harus

perhatikan Ya ini yang paling penting ya

aspirasi publik pendapat masyarakat tuh

Seperti apa soal pemilihan umum presiden

wakil presiden

ini wacana amandemen undang-undang Dasar

45 kembali bergulir salah satu isu yang

muncul dari wacana amandemen kali ini

adalah presiden kembali akan dipilih

MPR kalau seluruh partai

politik setuju untuk melakukan amandemen

penyempurnaan daripada undang-undang

Dasar 45 yang ada termasuk penataan

kembali sistem politik dan sistem

demokrasi kita kami di mpr siap untuk

melakukan amandemen tinggal persoalannya

berdasarkan tata tertip MPR kita tidak

bisaan amandemen karena kita sudah

tinggal 5 bulan karena syaratnya 6 bulan

Jadi saya berharap kami berharap nanti

MPR yang akan datang ini melakukan

langkah percepatan Untuk penyempurnaan

undang-undang dasar kita Natal kembali

sistem

demokrasi kita yang sudah terjebak pada

situasi yang

mencemaskan kita ulas wacana amanden

undang-undang Dasar 45 yang salah

satunya akan mengembalikan pemilihan

presiden ke lembaga MPR bersama wakil

ketua MPR Syarif Hasan dan pakar hukum

tata negara bifitri Susanti Selamat

malam Pak Syarif Mbak bifitri selamat

malamam sat malam saya ke pak Syarif

Jadi selama ini tuh Seperti apa

pembahasannya sudah sampai di mana soal

isu yang muncul kembali soal am

undang-undang Dasar 45 ini pak

Syarif ya jadi memang ee isu amandemen

undang-undang Dasar 1945 ini muncul

sebelum Pemilu kemarin itu awalnya itu

adalah sebenarnya adalah amandemen

terbatas untuk ee memasukkan ee faktor

ee GBHN yang sekarang dinamakan pphn

jadi ee Itulah sebenarnya ee isu yang

pada saat itu muncul yang digulirkan

oleh EE rekan kita dari PDIP nah

kemudian Muncul lagi pandangan-pandangan

dari masyarakat beberapa pandangan

bahkan dari pemerintah ak bahwa

menyangkut masalah ee masa eh term e

presiden Apakah dua kali Apakah tiga

kali bahkan penundaan ee masa masa

ee masa tugas Presiden Nah dari secara

akumulasi dari dari ee diskursus yang

ada di masyarakat itu ee kami dari ee

MPR ee menampung saja menampung he dan

EE hasil Dar penampungan kami itu dikaji

oleh badan kajian ketatanegaraan dan

kesimpulannya kami pada saat itu adalah

bahwa amandemen undang-undang Dasar 1945

tidak dilakukan ee sebelum ee Pemilu

kemarin oke nah diputuskan juga bahwa ee

kalau dari masyarakat ada ee aspirasi

ingin melakukan amandemen itu ee dibuka

setelah Pemilu tetapi

e tetapi yang dibuka itu bukan hanya

secara parsial pasal hanya pasal-pasal

tertentu tetapi silakan dilakukan kajian

kalau perluan kajian secara menyeluruh

tent pasal-pasal secara keseluruhan baik

nah kami tidak pernah memb kami tidak

pernah membahas tentang ee Apakah

Presiden akan dipilih langsung oleh MPR

atau tidak Oke ee tetapi Sekali lagi

kami sampaikan ee kami ee pada saat itu

sepakati bahwa Ya silakan tergantung

masyarakat tergantung masyarakat itu ya

termasuk partai-partai politik nah semua

stakeholder ee silakan memasukkan ee

masukan-masukannya kepada MPR Nah nanti

MPR yang MPR melakukan ee melakukan

ee matrikulasi ataupun mana yang bisa

Mana yang tidak semua persoalan dan

semuanya akan

ditransfer ya dideliver kepada pimpinan

MPR yang EE masa bakti berikutnya 2000

eh 2024 sampai 2029 Baik baik Baik Pak

Syif saya ke

karaid saat ini Oke Eh saya pikir tidak

memiliki

lagi baik jadi itu yang terj di baik

sekali lagi saya tegaskan Pak ya isu

tentang ee mengembalikan pemilihan

presiden dan wakil presiden itu ee tidak

pernah muncul di di mpr baik tidak

pernah muncul ya E Pak Syarif saya ke

babi Fitri kalau tadi Pak Syarif bilang

e memilih kembali presiden oleh MPR ini

tidak pernah muncul lagi tapi apa yang

harus betul-betul jadi rambu-rambu

sampai mana wacana ini akan bergulir

Mbak B Fitri Saya bahkan mau tarik lagi

ke hal yang sangat mendasar jadi Secara

teoritis secara praktik Bahkan dalam

sejarah Republik Indonesia perubahan

undang-undang itu tidak bisa dilakukan

secara eksperimental dan berdasarkan

keinginan sebagian elit politik saja

biasanya yang namanya ee perubahan

konstitusi itu mengikuti suatu perubahan

politik yang luar biasa besar misalnya

amandemen yang baru kita alami sudah

tidak baru ya sebenarnya ya setelah 98

atau misalnya Konstitusi Republik

Indonesia Serikat

1949 atau undang-undang dasar sementara

jadi kalau sekarang tiba-tiba ada

keinginan Betapapun itu dinamai aspirasi

masyarakat kita harus teliti dulu

sebenarnya apakah ada urgensinya karena

kita tidak boleh lupa undang-undang

dasar itu suatu dokumen dasar kontrak

sosial sebenarnya kalau mau dianalisis

misalnya kita punya kritik terhadap

pemilihan presiden yang baru lalu kita

harus ingat beberapa peraturan yang

sifatnya teknis misalnya presidenial

trashhold atau misalnya penyalahgunaan

kekuasaan oleh Presiden itu level

undang-undang bukan undang-undang dasar

dan perlu dikaji lebih lanjut Apakah itu

semua dikarenakan konstitusi atau aktor

politiknya jangan sampai buruk rupa

cermin dibelah atau dengan kata lain

yang gatal yang mana yang digaruk yang

mana gitu Jadi saya kira kita harus

hati-hati dalam menentukan apakah mau

amandemen atau tidak ee konstitusi itu

bahkan lebih berat daripada mengubah

undang-undang tidak bisa sekedar Oh ada

keinginan untuk amandemen terus langsung

amandemen konstitusi tidak bisa seperti

itu oke dari jadi tadi ditekankan bahwa

untuk amendemen konstitusi ini tidak

boleh eksperimental berdasarkan ada

masukan tiba-tiba diubah Saya minta

singkat-singkat aja masing-masing dari

pak Syarif dan bab Fitri ke pak Syarif

dulu Jadi bagaimana MPR jangan sampai

nanti melempar Ah ini untuk periode

berikutnya saja tapi tadi menjaga bahwa

konstitusi ini tidak bisa tiba-tiba

diubah berdasarkan keinginan pihak

tertentu ya Eh MPR itu kan merupakan

representasi dari kedaulatan rakyat Jadi

tergantung rakyat rakyat yang diwakili

oleh si siapa-siapa dan macam-macam Bany

rakat ini kan banyakbanyak banyak macam

dari profesinya dan profesinya dan

sebagainya J mulai dari tokoh-tokoh

partai politik akademisi organisasi

masyarakat bahkan pemerintah daerah dan

sebagainya semualah jadi ee kami kan MPR

kan sebagai representasi pada Kedaulatan

Rakyat hanya menampung Nah nanti setelah

itu kami menampung nanti akan dibahas

pada saat pembahasan juga akan memanggil

kembali bahkan melibatkan semua

stakeholder yang Ada apakah memang perlu

untuk dilakukan amandemen Apakah apa

urgensinya ee Apakah tadi seperti samp

jangan sampai hanya undang-undangnya

yang yang salah bukan konstitusinya yang

yang harus diperbaiki ya dalam hal ini

saya setuju tadi sampaikan bahwa

sebenarnya yang menjadi ee menjadi

representasi pada kedaulatan rakyat yang

mengeliminir e kehendak rakyat itu

adalah ada adanya e presiden tres yang

kemarin Nah itu sebenarnya yang harus

dirubah baik b dan ya dengan adanya

presiden Tras itu membatasi keinginan

rakyat untuk memilih pemimpin yang

dikehendaki Nah mungkin itu tetapi

sekali lagi kita sangat membuka saluran

aspirasi apabila memang ada kehendaknya

tergantung tergantung nanti situasi

politiknya Bagaimana ba baik e terakhir

bab Fitri ya Jadi kita harus mengkaji

lebih lanjut deh jadi jadi Ee Kita harus

perhatikan bahwa perubahan undang-undang

perubahan undang-undang dasar atau

perubahan sistem Apapun kan sebenarnya

fasilitas untuk melakukan

perbaikan-perbaikan jadi jangan kita

mulai dengan yuk Amandemen UUD bukan

begitu Saya kira kita harus analisis

dari apa persoalannya cari akar

masalahnya baru kemudian dicari lebih

lanjut bagian mana yang harus diubah Oke

jadi analisis dulu mana masalahnya mana

yang harus diubah bukan eksperimental

untuk dilempar terlebih dahulu untuk

nantinya dibahas eh jadi bergulir eh di

publik Terima kasih pak Syarif Hasan

Terima kasih Mbak B Fitri Susanti telah

bergabung saapa Indonesia malam

berikutnya saudara