Sejarah Kalimantan VS Jawa - Di Masa MAJAPAHIT pada abad ke 14 Masehi

Summary

This video explores the historical relationship between the Majapahit Empire and the Kingdom of Tanjungpura in Borneo. Drawing from various historical sources, including inscriptions and ancient texts, it discusses how Bakulapura evolved into Tanjungpura and its political ties with Majapahit. The video highlights the strategic marriage alliances, tributes, and regional cooperation that characterized their interactions. It also touches on the decline of these relations and subsequent attacks by Javanese rulers, providing a comprehensive look into the complex historical dynamics of the era.

Takeaways

• 📜 The script discusses the historical relationship between the Majapahit Empire and the region of Borneo, specifically with the Kingdom of Tanjungpura and Sukadana.
• 🏰 The region of Bakulapura, which later became known as Tanjungpura, maintained a connection with Java even after the fall of the Singasari dynasty.
• 👑 King Kertanegara of Singasari is noted for having a political vision that extended beyond Java, as evidenced by Mpu Prapanca's account in the Negarakertagama.
• 🛡 Majapahit's Mahapatih Gajah Mada reclaimed the region for Majapahit, as supported by the Sumpah Amukti Palapa.
• 🌴 Tanjungpura was considered part of the broader Kalimantan region under Majapahit's influence, as described in historical texts and inscriptions.
• 🏝️ The script mentions various regions and kingdoms on the island of Borneo that were under Majapahit's sphere of influence, including Kapuas, Katingan, and others.
• 🤝 The relationship between Kalimantan and Java fluctuated, with political ties being reestablished by the Majapahit ruler Wijaya after the fall of Singasari.
• 🏛️ A prasasti from the Hayam Wuruk period may detail the political marriage alliances between Majapahit and Tanjungpura, indicating a strategic alliance.
• 📝 The Prasasti Waringin Pitu, dated 1447, lists Tanjungpura as one of the 14 Nagari under the Majapahit's dominion, highlighting its significance.
• 🧳 Archaeological and historical sources, including Chinese records from the Ming Dynasty, corroborate the existence of a vibrant regional network with Majapahit at its center.

Q & A

What is the focus of the video transcript?

The video focuses on the historical relationship between the Majapahit Empire and the Kingdom of Tanjungpura (Borneo), based on various historical records, including Chinese, European, and Majapahit inscriptions.

What does the term 'Bakulapura' refer to in the context of the transcript?

Bakulapura was the name of a region in Borneo during the Singasari period, which later became known as Tanjungpura during the Majapahit era.

Who was Kertanegara, and what was his contribution to expanding Java's influence?

Kertanegara was a king of Singasari, the first Javanese ruler to focus on expanding beyond Java. He initiated the Pamalayu Expedition, which aimed to extend Javanese influence over neighboring regions, including Bakulapura (Tanjungpura).

What role did Gajah Mada play in Majapahit’s control over Tanjungpura?

Gajah Mada, Majapahit's prime minister, helped reassert Majapahit’s control over Tanjungpura as part of his ambition to unify the entire archipelago under Majapahit rule. This was tied to his famous Sumpah Palapa (Palapa Oath).

What does the Negarakertagama say about Tanjungpura?

In the Negarakertagama, Tanjungpura is used to refer to the entire island of Borneo, indicating that the region was under Majapahit’s influence.

What regions on the island of Tanjungpura (Borneo) were mentioned in the Negarakertagama?

The Negarakertagama mentions regions such as Kapuas, Katingan, Sampit, Lingga, Kotawaringin, Sabah, Lawai, and several others as part of Majapahit’s influence.

What political shift occurred between the time of Singasari and Majapahit regarding Tanjungpura?

After the fall of Singasari in 1222, political ties with Tanjungpura weakened, but the Majapahit Empire, under Raden Wijaya, later re-established control over the region.

How did political marriages play a role in Majapahit’s relationship with Tanjungpura?

A political marriage between a Majapahit ruler and a princess from Tanjungpura is believed to have solidified ties between the two regions, marking an early form of alliance through marriage.

What is the significance of the Waringin Pitu inscription in relation to Tanjungpura?

The Waringin Pitu inscription from 1447 mentions Tanjungpura as one of 14 regions under the Majapahit royal family’s control, highlighting its importance within the empire.

How did Tanjungpura's relationship with Java change in later periods?

In later periods, Tanjungpura was attacked by rulers from Java, such as Adipati Unus of the Demak Sultanate, indicating shifting political dynamics between Java and Borneo after Majapahit’s decline.