Module 1 Reading in Philippine history
Summary
TLDRIn this educational discussion, the concept of history is explored, emphasizing its significance and the distinction between primary and secondary sources. The lecture delves into the definition of history as a systematic study of past events, the importance of historiography, and the influence of factors like time and writer bias on historical narratives. It also touches on the role of history in uniting a nation, legitimizing identity, and learning from past mistakes. The菲律宾 historical timeline is briefly mentioned, highlighting the expansive scope of historical study.
Takeaways
- 📚 History is defined as a systematic study of past events, involving inquiry or investigation, and not just a collection of facts.
- 🗣️ Oral tradition is a form of history that includes epics, songs, and artifacts, which are passed down through generations by word of mouth.
- 📜 Historiography is the art of writing history, which involves critical examination of sources and synthesis of details into a coherent narrative.
- 🕵️♂️ Objectivity in history is challenging due to the subjective nature of historical accounts, which can be influenced by the writer's perspective and interpretation.
- ⏳ Time plays a significant role in the reliability of historical sources, with closer proximity to the event often leading to more accurate records.
- 📝 Primary sources are direct evidence from the time of the event, such as original documents, eyewitness accounts, and artifacts.
- 📘 Secondary sources interpret primary sources and are usually written after the event, including books, articles, and theses.
- 🏛️ The importance of history extends to uniting a nation, legitimizing collective identity, and learning from past mistakes to avoid repeating them.
- 🌟 History serves as an inspiration, guiding people to move forward and make sense of their present and future.
- 🗓️ The historical time frame of the Philippines is discussed, highlighting the expansion of historical knowledge from the prehistoric period to the arrival of the Spanish in 1521.
Q & A
What is the traditional understanding of history?
-The traditional understanding of history is a record of significant events, often with an explanation of their causes.
What does the modern definition of history include?
-The modern definition of history is a systematic body of knowledge acquired by inquiry or investigation.
What are the forms of oral tradition mentioned in the script?
-Oral tradition includes forms such as epics, songs, artifacts, architecture, and memory.
What is historiography?
-Historiography is the study of how history is written, involving the values, perspectives, and interpretations of the writers.
What does the term 'objective' mean in the context of history?
-In the context of history, 'objective' means observing or reporting facts without personal feelings or interpretations.
What factors can influence the writing of history?
-Factors that can influence the writing of history include the passage of time, the writer's bias, and the proximity to the event.
Why is the proximity to the event important in historical sources?
-The proximity to the event is important because sources closer to the event are generally more reliable and less likely to be influenced by later interpretations or forgetfulness.
What is the significance of Herodotus in the study of history?
-Herodotus is considered the father of history because he was one of the first to write a straightforward account of events, setting a precedent for historical writing.
What are primary sources in historical research?
-Primary sources are original documents, artifacts, or firsthand accounts from people who witnessed the event being studied.
What are secondary sources and how do they differ from primary sources?
-Secondary sources are interpretations of primary sources, often written after the event, and may include analyses, commentaries, or summaries of the original events.
Why is it important to study history?
-Studying history is important to unite a nation, understand collective identity, learn from past mistakes, and inspire progress.
How does the script define the historical time frame of the Philippines?
-The script suggests that the historical time frame of the Philippines starts from 97,000 BCE, but recorded history only begins with the arrival of the Spaniards in 1521.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to the Study of History
The paragraph introduces the module on the reading and history, emphasizing the need to define the meaning of history. It discusses the traditional and modern perspectives of history, highlighting that history can be both written and spoken. The paragraph also touches on the transmission of history through language and the importance of distinguishing between primary and secondary sources. It explains that history is not entirely objective, as it can be influenced by the writer's perspective and the passage of time. The concept of historiography, or the art of writing history, is introduced, noting that it involves the critical examination of sources and the synthesis of information.
🏛️ The Nature and Relevance of History
This paragraph delves into the nature of history, discussing the importance of understanding history from a Filipino perspective. It mentions Herodotus as the father of history and the significance of writing history from a native point of view. The paragraph differentiates between primary and secondary sources, explaining that primary sources are firsthand, raw, and uninterpreted, while secondary sources are interpretations of primary sources. It also emphasizes the importance of historical context, including the time, place, and significance of events, in understanding history. The paragraph concludes by discussing the division of history into prehistory and recorded history, with a focus on the菲律宾 historical timeline.
🖋️ The Art of Historiography
The paragraph focuses on historiography as the practice of writing history, which involves a critical examination of sources, attention to detail, and the synthesis of information. It outlines the steps historians take to write a historical account, including choosing a topic, researching historical sources, and analyzing the evidence. The paragraph also discusses the importance of history in uniting a nation, legitimizing collective identity, and learning from past mistakes. It highlights the historical time frame of the Philippines, noting the significant expansion of historical knowledge since the arrival of the Spanish in 1521.
🗝️ Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Sources
This paragraph discusses the distinction between primary and secondary sources in historical research. Primary sources are defined as original documents, artifacts, or firsthand accounts from the time of the event. Secondary sources, on the other hand, are interpretations or analyses of primary sources, often written after the event. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of considering the proximity to the event, the location, the credibility of the author, and the integrity of the source when evaluating the reliability of historical sources. It also provides examples of primary and secondary sources and discusses the criteria for determining their validity.
📚 Evaluating the Validity of Historical Sources
The final paragraph continues the discussion on evaluating historical sources, focusing on the validity of primary and secondary sources. It provides examples to illustrate the difference between the two and emphasizes the importance of understanding the context in which the sources were created. The paragraph also touches on the role of memory as a primary source and the challenges of interpreting historical events without direct experience or understanding. It concludes by highlighting the importance of critical analysis in historical research to ensure a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the past.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡History
💡Primary Sources
💡Secondary Sources
💡Historiography
💡Oral Tradition
💡Artifacts
💡Bias
💡Proximity
💡Objective and Subjective
💡Significance
💡Prehistory
Highlights
Definition of history as a systematic study of past events and their causes.
Discussion on the distinction between primary and secondary sources in historical research.
Exploration of the importance of history, including its role in understanding the present and guiding the future.
Explanation of historiography as the art of writing history, including the critical examination of sources.
The impact of time on the reliability of historical records and the role of memory in oral tradition.
The influence of the writer's bias on the interpretation of historical events.
The significance of the proximity to the event in determining the credibility of historical sources.
The role of Herodotus as the father of history and his contribution to the field.
The concept of history as a narrative that is shaped by the values and perspectives of the historian.
The division of history into prehistory and recorded history, with a focus on the Philippines' historical timeline.
The importance of historical research in uniting a nation and shaping collective identity.
The process of writing a historical account, including the selection of a topic and the analysis of historical sources.
The role of history in preventing the repetition of past mistakes and inspiring progress.
The significance of primary sources in providing firsthand accounts of historical events.
The distinction between primary and secondary sources based on their production time relative to the event.
The credibility of sources and the importance of the writer's reputation in historical research.
The concept of historical sources as artifacts, documents, and personal accounts that provide evidence of past events.
The role of secondary sources in interpreting primary sources and their limitations.
Transcripts
Okay good day my dear students so today
we going to
discuss mod one of reading and
history so first today Let's
first define the meaning of history so
history is Yes some people say it is
study
of well Uh in this module we going to
discuss the Min of history distinction
of primary and secondary sources
including the external and internal
reison Yeah meaning and relevance of
history so history could be written and
could be
spoken written kapag ang kasaysayan ay
sin Yes that transmission of history is
true and I spoke can
k his tr
language the traditional understanding
of history is starting out
fast yes and phonological record of
significant events often explanation of
their causes so pag makaluma makalumang
definitions study of the best kasi sence
din pag-aaral ng and ganyan na history
Pero kapag modern It is a systematic B
of knowledge of
acir to inquired or investigation so
meaning is historia which means
knowledge acir to or
investigation kapag merong systematic
knowledge merong kailangan ng storya to
inquiry or investigation then that is
Yes modern definition of these
sts some sources are oral tradition in
form of epics songs artifacts
architecture memory etc so Uh pag oral
tradition Dito rin a kind of
spoken mga
kinan and
so so the arts the arts of writing the
history is
historiography the study of how history
is written pan kung paano sinulat ang
history it involves how History ised by
the values
right story is not totally objective it
a subjective s Why Anong ibig sabihin ng
objective obser objective means observe
of FS yan yung mga
kita nararamdaman y yung mga fact one mo
kapag subjective that is self-definition
self so history lang daw a hindi based
on facts lagi minsan nalalagyan ng
interpretation interpretation ng mga
writer o for
example Ah yung definition ko ng history
iba sa definition nga ng history or ang
ah agag may isang bagay na artifacts ba
yung definition niya non mga nakalagay d
na nakasulat at
ibang factors affecting St time it was
written or the
date why bakit sometimes Dat ang
nakakaapekto because sometimes people do
forget example the event happened last
20 years ago tapos the author ah
realized that needs to write the
experience that he has ngayon mga
experience naang naras o then hindi
naman lahat ng detail na naranasan niya
ay masulat niya kasi people tend to
forget one another factor that influence
the history is time because Bakit ngab
yung time
kasi the more closer to the event the
more or reliable for example There's a
book tapos yung publication ng book na
yan or creation of that book is Uh
somehow closer to the event then that is
reliable than the one publish years
years years ago after the event bias of
the writers Syempre alam naman natin na
may mga w na may hidden agenda one
intention of writing narratives and last
lastly is the proximity to the also the
distance could eff
Why sometimes because malayo tayo kahit
n tayo sa event kung malayo tayo hindi
natin talaga nakita tatang natin
sometimes may nammiss tayong detail may
namisinterpret tayong
detail ba h natin napakinggan kung ano
talaga yung
sinabi na-misinterpret
mo ung mga guess sir ta sa baung masulat
mo anan
proximity Yes philosophy obviously
then that refers to Herodotus the father
of
is because he is the one who wr wrote
the person wise here
499 to
479 then called it na his t
is Yes which was a Straight forward
account of the So yun sinulat niya yung
ano no sinulat niya yung laban yung so
according to Salazar dapat daw the way
we wr our story is bas on the Filipino
perspective or pantayo G na kung saan
maintindihan to ng mga bawat
dcan daw gumamit lamang ng isang C para
Mayo ihan daw yung mga
kahulugan mga daluma Tay sa pantay pan
salaysay epic nito kong bayan
pero an yung mga pwedeng pagkuha says
historical sources
prim It Could Be consider a for the
first hand fresh raw not get interpret
the one who Witness the event and is
primary and also written during the
event sample of that there is letter
picture and government
documents
Okay secondary if secondary if
interpretation of primary sources may
interpret na written at the time we
beyond the event and also just a copy or
imitation of the
original element of history dapat yung
sa may date nakalagay kung kailan
nagaganap nangyayari as
Nah nga ang history ay ang history ay sa
kasaysayang may saysay na may saysay na
sinayan sal lahit so kapag walang kung
walang people malayong people sa element
of history may saysay ba wala kung may
date ba yun Alam mo bang yun ay
kasaysayan hindi
t paang sabi doon kung may place ba yun
Alam mo ba kung kanino saing lahi o ' ba
kung h ba d nakalagay yung significance
Kahalagahan may saysay pa may
importansya pa wala then that is the
emory kasi nga ang ay kasaysayang may
saysay na sasayan ng sa ginda
ang kasaysayan ay salaysay na may saysay
na sinasalaysay
sa An myus
salaza so after tayong pananong niat
naintindihan ng bawat tao G na yung mga
Pilipino So this is the division of
history Oo tinatawag tayo na prehistory
ito yung panahon kung saan there is no
written record in the history wala pang
record so during this time yung mga tao
hindi pa nila nire-record hindi pa nila
nasusulat yung mga his So kung anong
meron so we do analy to fils nor
biologist and
anthropologist panahon ng mga tao mga
mga Homo sapiens ganyan h pa R sila
marunong mag magsulat magbasa ng mga
dinosaurs yan so yan kamukha
niyo kayo
noon so n panahon na people understand
how to write nagkaroon
ng so ito yung period when m started to
write record even using a system of
rting L ng mga libro not cook yan analy
to cards way metal po R papers yan mga
clay tablets Naron Nam mga
ganon so yan yung mga
Ren may mga
nakasulat and all those written are
studied by stor and anan yung mga yes
yung
mga na pinagaalala ng
mga ng mga
stor Mr
Cha rle of historians to look at the
look at theil
sources in subject
of looking the available sources and
also to organize the p that being
created very self-explanatory to seek
for the meaning of recovering the past
to let the people see continue rel so
therefore historians do search
pinagaaral history to cover The un of
the St and to connect that to the
relevance of the
social
scienti so science merong natural merong
social natural science andung physical
and
biological sa physical sa Physics and
chemistry sa biological Andy Andy that
is science Well in the social
science
Economics Political Science Sociology
anthropology
philosophy geography and psychology
therefore agag nag major ka ng sofy
lahat yan ain lahatan major that is
social
science Okay like what I've said
historiography is the art of
writing This is the practice of writing
the
siging critical examination of sources
seduction of particle
details materials in those sources and
the synesis of those
deta done historical research with
historical so
y You have to choose a topic historical
sources mga steps to write a
historical account
or to write a histor a
history to practice
historiography para ka ng gumagawa ng
ISIS importance of his to unite a nation
of course if all of the people in the
nation know their ro know their history
then They know the future
also They know their
identities to
legitimize for of identity collective m
so pagalam ng ta k
identity
and make sense of the and also to not
rep mistakes of the pinag-aaralan ng
history for Yes para Hwag munang balikan
yung M
pagkakamali kas pag binabalikan mo pa
ung pagkakamali mo you're not learning
you're not learning in like more or or
making yourself CL Ano na yun top people
to get their good boxes to move forward
sa inyo move forward pi you to move on
history are inspiring you to move on
So this is the historical time frame of
philippines so yan nag-start daw ang
ating history ng
97,000
bce
however that time are no Record it is
mag-start lang ang ating history noong
pagdating ng mga Espanyol so therefore
nag-expand ng ating history ay nasa
500 years
back imagine that Spaniard came in the
Philippines
1521 ngayon is
20204 so therefore napakaiksi ng
pinagaralan lan sa ating history
napakaiksi ang alam natin sa ating Now
let's go to another topic a distinction
of prim and second sorry
St
and an mauli y historical sources
sources prod of the same
time itung
original primary source mga yan mga
mismong dokumento
documents original copy of articles
of y manung which
artifact primary source also yung ikaw
mismo Yes nawitness
kwento is the primary source primary
source si lola kasi nquest na mismo yung
event
Oo record naman ito
mga original copy
of pogi ni kuya
Oo Well done written sources ito yung
mga painting
Ars
m prim
sources mga dapat m malaman of sources
first when when was it
prod The Closer to the event is the more
mas malapit sa event mas reliable
localization Where to Saan ba
nag for example nung event nangyari sa
Pangasinan Tapos yung ah artifact mo
nakita mo sa
Bisayas connected ba parang na siya
primary source
gan other ship rocket may credibility ba
ung nagsulat kilala ba ung nagsulat ung
nagsulat ba is ah Sure ka ba na siose
Rizal yung nagsulat ng LOL met anger and
nakapin na nakuta mo o another
version
so so tignan mo muna Malay mo yung
nagsulat kaa Yes hindi kilala mo or
hindi talaga siya o mal is the
the production Saang gawa pilaw ng Batan
na ginamit para sa
production and
integrity and credibility Meron bang
evidential value yung
content trusty ba pagk lang ba secondary
source by and pag ininterpret na
secondary pag-analyze na
secondary sample of that
trs dissertations journal
mag few
years Sabi ko ba kapag it happened way
beyond the event or it was written way
beyond the event maing hindi na siya
prim should be happen ev para maging
prims so like have said The Closer to
the
event the
more the more chances of ths or the more
enable or the more reliable l
[Musika]
Resource mga yan book secondary source
and also
a monument or a thesis rather he writing
a thesis but is secondary
SS Okay let's find out kung primary or
secondary to
event
primary rol
Pilipina YouTube channel
primary
source
m primary memory kasi memory is
prim pain of the Nation
by
question Wait lang This is secondary
question pain of the Nation
secondary
source
second well books books are secondary
source
unless Experience the of the so
Generation without understanding by
constantin interpr the event of the
nation of her without understanding that
is interpretation of the that is second
langis so dap
malagot kung valid
C paano nalaman ng author
yung ung nangyari present vers event k
present then
is ung nangyari kanina yung mga na
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