Adding Ratings to Components in ETAP Lesson (3) for Power System Engineering Courses
Summary
TLDRThis video tutorial guides viewers on incorporating component ratings into an electrical single line diagram using ETA program. It covers adding system symbols like generators, defining their properties, and setting parameters such as kilovolt ratings, grounding types, and short circuit ratings. The video also details configuring transmission lines, transformers, cables, and loads, including selecting conductor types and sizing. It concludes with utilizing the presentation toolbar for cable management and creating different case studies within the same project.
Takeaways
- 🔌 To add components in an electrical single line diagram, start by placing a system symbol generator and position it as needed.
- ⚙️ Each component in the diagram, such as a generator, should have its properties defined, including name, connection to buses, phase type, and operational mode.
- 📊 The utility grid connected to the diagram can be set as a swing function, and its ratings like kilovolt and short circuit values should be specified based on the actual power system data.
- 🔗 For transmission lines, details such as name, connected buses, length, tolerance, conductor type, and configuration must be inputted into the diagram.
- 🌐 It's important to select the correct unit system (metric or English) when defining the properties of transmission lines, as it affects the available conductor types and cable sizes.
- 🔄 The configuration of transmission lines includes aspects like the arrangement (horizontal, vertical, triangular), cable height, and spacing between conductors.
- 💡 Transformers in the diagram need to be defined by their connection points, standard (NC or IEC), operation condition (in or out), type, and ratings including voltage transformation and power rating.
- 🔌 Transformers' impedance values and other characteristics can be inputted manually or automatically assigned using typical values based on the transformer type.
- 🏭 Loads and cables are other critical elements that require specification of connection points, conductor types, and ratings such as length and power demand.
- 📈 The presentation toolbar offers functionalities to manage and filter cables, and to create different presentations or case studies using the same single line diagram for various analyses.
Q & A
How do you add a generator to the electrical single line diagram?
-To add a generator, locate the generator symbol from the elements, click on it, and place it on the desired location on the diagram. You can rotate it by selecting, right-clicking, and choosing rotate 180 degrees if needed.
What is the significance of defining the bus number for each component in the diagram?
-Defining the bus number for each component is crucial as it establishes the electrical connections within the system, indicating which components are connected to which buses.
How do you set the utility grid's function in the single line diagram?
-You can set the utility grid's function by double-clicking on the grid, selecting the mode (e.g., swing, voltage control), and specifying whether it's a three-phase or single-phase system.
What are the steps to define the ratings for a component like the utility grid?
-To define ratings, double-click the component, specify the rated kilovolt, whether it's balanced or unbalanced, and input the short circuit rating and X/R ratio based on the actual power system data.
How do you specify the type of grounding for a component?
-Specify the type of grounding by selecting the component, going to the configuration settings, and choosing between options like star grounded or delta.
What information is required to define a transmission line in the single line diagram?
-To define a transmission line, you need to specify the line name, connected buses, length, tolerance, conductor type, conductor library, ground wire library, configuration (e.g., horizontal), cable height, and spacing between conductors.
How do you choose the conductor type for a transmission line?
-Select the conductor type by clicking on the conductor library, choosing the appropriate system (metric or English), and selecting the desired conductor type from the available options.
What details are necessary when defining a transformer in the single line diagram?
-Defining a transformer involves specifying the transformer name, connected buses, standard (e.g., IEC), condition (in or out of service), transformer type, primary and secondary voltage ratings, power rating, and impedance values.
How can you filter and manage cables in the single line diagram?
-Use the cable manager tool from the presentation toolbar to view and filter cables based on parameters like AC/DC type, kilovolt rating, and single or three-phase configuration.
What is the purpose of the presentation toolbar in the single line diagram?
-The presentation toolbar allows for different views and case studies using the same single line diagram, facilitating various analyses like load flow or short circuit studies without altering the original diagram.
How do you create a new load flow analysis using the single line diagram?
-To create a new load flow analysis, right-click on the single line diagram, select 'create a new load flow,' and double-click to configure the settings for the new analysis.
Outlines
🔌 Adding Components to an Electrical Single Line Diagram
This paragraph explains how to add components to an electrical single line diagram. It starts with adding a generator to the system using the symbol generator tool. The generator is placed and rotated to the desired position. The video then moves on to defining each component's properties such as the utility grid's name, connection to the bus, phase type, and control mode. The swing function is assigned to the largest generator. Ratings for the utility grid, including kilovolts, balance, short circuit rating, and x over r ratio, are discussed and inputted into the system based on hypothetical values.
🚧 Configuring Transmission Lines and Conductors
The second paragraph delves into configuring transmission lines, starting with selecting the line and defining its connection points. It covers aspects like line length, tolerance, conductor type, and frequency system (50 Hz or 60 Hz). The importance of choosing the right conductor type based on the system's requirements is emphasized. The video also discusses selecting the ground wire, configuring the transmission line's physical layout, and setting parameters like cable height and spacing. The process of identifying and configuring a transformer, including its connection to buses, standards, type, and ratings, is also explained.
🔌 Setting Up Cables and Loads
This section focuses on setting up cables and loads within the diagram. It begins with editing cables, selecting their length, and choosing the type of conductor from a library. The video explains how to select the conductor size and configure the cable's physical attributes like height and spacing. The process of identifying and configuring loads, including their connection to buses, power rating, and power factor, is detailed. The video also covers selecting different cables and loads, adjusting their parameters, and inputting values based on the system's requirements.
🛠️ Finalizing the Single Line Diagram and Presentation Tools
The fourth paragraph concludes the setup of the single line diagram by selecting and configuring the generator. It discusses setting the operation mode, ratings, and modeling parameters for the generator. The video then moves on to demonstrate the use of presentation tools, such as the cable manager, which provides an overview of all cables used in the diagram, including their specifications and installation details. The paragraph also introduces filtering options to manage and display cables based on voltage, type, and phase. The video concludes by discussing the ability to create different case studies using the same single line diagram for various analyses.
📊 Exploring Presentation Modes and Case Studies
The final paragraph discusses the use of presentation modes and case studies within the software. It explains how to create a one-line view for different scenarios and how to add new case studies to the single line diagram for various analyses like load flow or short circuit analysis. The video highlights the project view's ability to create static cases and perform load flow analysis, showcasing the flexibility of the software in handling different electrical system configurations and analyses.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Single Line Diagram
💡Generator
💡Bus
💡Ratings
💡Transmission Line
💡Nominal Voltage
💡Short Circuit
💡Transformer
💡Power Factor
💡Load
💡Case Study
Highlights
Introduction to adding ratings to components in an electrical single line diagram.
Adding a system symbol generator to the diagram.
Rotating the generator symbol for correct orientation.
Defining the properties of the utility grid, including name and connection to the bus.
Selecting the mode of the utility grid, such as swing or voltage control.
Setting the ratings for the utility grid, including kilovolt and balance.
Entering short circuit ratings and X over R values for the utility grid.
Editing the transmission line properties, including name, bus connections, and length.
Choosing the conductor type and parameters for the transmission line.
Configuring the transmission line's physical layout, such as horizontal or vertical.
Selecting the transformer's specifications and settings, including primary and secondary voltages.
Entering impedance values and choosing typical values for the transformer.
Configuring the cable properties, such as length and conductor type.
Setting the load values, including megawatt and power factor.
Adding the generator's ratings and operation mode to the diagram.
Using the presentation toolbar to manage and filter cables in the diagram.
Creating new case studies and load flow analyses using the single line diagram.
Conclusion of the tutorial on adding ratings to elements in ETAP program.
Transcripts
hey in this video we would like to
uh discuss how to add the ratings of the
components
inside our electrical uh la single line
diagram
okay so first i would like to add to
this
system symbol generator okay
so where can we find a generator from
this elements you will find the
generator here
this one okay click on it and
put it here now if i would like to put
it like this to the other side
then select it right click
and rotate rotate a
180 degree okay so now
go like this move this and
move this and you now have the point
here
okay so now we have a generator we have
our network
and etc now i would like to put
the definition for each of these
components
so going to the grid double click on the
grid
you will find here the name of the grid
here you will find
u1 which is the name of the utility grid
u1 and it's connected to which bus
bus number one here okay
so you can choose what bus it is
connected to but here it's connected to
bus number one
so i will leave it as it is and you can
see it is a three-phase of course
you can choose here the mood of the
uh the utility grid it is
a swing or a voltage control or a mega
bar or
power factor control or whatever
whatever it is according to your
configuration
uh or the type of the generator used
uh the function of the generator we will
choose
what of this okay usually the
largest generator in the power system is
added as a swing generator okay
so the utility here is selected as a
swing
function okay now second single would
like to go to the
ratings okay so what is that
a kilovolt for example we will make it
110 kilovolt
okay rated kilovolt 110 and is it
balanced or unbalanced
it is balance it okay
now we will go to the short circuit
you will find here that short searching
for the utility
all of these values which we are putting
inside any of these elements
you should know from the actual power
system you are doing the study on
okay so according to the power system
you are working you will know
what is the values of the utility what
is the values of cable transmission
lines
transformers and etc so we are assuming
the values
in this video okay so what is the type
of the grounding is it
a store grounded or it is a delta for
example
okay what we will choose a store
grounded okay
now what is the short circuit rating for
example this is according to the utility
we will assume
1000 okay
what's the x over r we can assume at 7
for example
okay again these values are from
according to the grid itself
okay then click on ok so now we will see
that 1000 mega volt
ampere as a short circuit and now the
bus number one is now 110
kilovolt it takes the value
automatically because it's connected to
the grid which we already identified
okay now going to transmission line
double click on this element so we have
the transmission line
and it's called the line number one this
is the name of the line
and you'll find this from n2 from pass
number one which is this bus
and two bus number two which is 110 kilo
volt
remember that the 110 is the
nominal voltage okay i
assume that you know of course what is a
nominal voltage you mean
okay now uh you will find here the
length
what is the length of your own
transmission line for example i will
assume i
five kilometer okay and what is that
tolerance for this line whatever it is
for example two percent
okay any value okay
now another thing we will go to the
parameter
okay you will find here the type of the
conductor
used in transmitting the electrical
power
and of course the conductor type is it
copper or aluminium
okay the conductor library if we click
on this one will give you
the in which you can select the type of
the conductor used
and here the ground wire library and
here
the conductor wire library okay this is
of course
related to the ground wire and this one
is related to the
conductor wire conductor which carries
the
electrical power now click on the
conductor light
so you can see here we can select our
conductor and you'll see that in the
metric
uh system we have a frequency of 50
hertz and the conductor type can be
selected from this menu we have a
different
types of conductor for that transmission
system
okay now what if i change the unit
system to english
in english they use that frequency of 60
hertz
okay so as you know that some countries
use a 50 hertz
system other countries using the 60
hertz
system and you'll see that in the metric
uh sources of the cables and
the different size okay and if you
choose the english
which have a second theories you will
find here the conductor type available
and different cables with the different
codes and sizes you will find here's a
size
and the strings okay so as an example
we will choose tnd book okay
now second thing let's see what size we
can choose
for example this one okay
okay then what we will click on okay
so now we selected our conductor now we
will choose that ground wire
so uh we said we are going to use the
english and the conductor type
a w okay what
what category we are going to use we are
going to use this one
and what size we are going to use lets
see okay this size is acceptable okay
now what is the next step now we
selected the
conductor library we selected the ground
wire library now we need to identify
the configuration for the transmission
line
so going to the configuration you will
find here the configuration time is it
horizontal vertical
triangular like this the cables
are in this or horizontal
okay or what is the type of it
okay for for assumption we will use the
horizontal type okay now we will choose
the height of the cables okay so we
assume that the height
will be a 30 okay
and as a spacing between the conductors
for example two
okay between a and b two you will see
that the values
are obtained automatically here gmt
obtained automatically
number of the ground wires we will
choose one ground wire
okay what is the height of this ground
wire
from the cable okay
from a here as you see this cg
the distance between the groundwater and
a we will assume
for example four
okay if the conductors are transposed we
will
click on this one and use that
separation
okay or conductors purpose all of these
values
depending on the configuration of the
system you have
okay now click on ok
now what is the next step we need to
identify
our transformer double click this is the
name of the transformer
connected to pas2 and the bus three pass
two and the bus three okay
which standard are you working with nc
or iec
i am choosing iec what is the condition
is it
in or out it is in we are using it right
now it is in service
okay what is that type of the transfer
is it a shell type
core type or what is its type okay
whatever it is you have you will put it
here
okay going to the rating of the
transformers the primary
it is a step down transformer from 110
kilo volt to 11 kilowatt
okay okay
now what is the power rating of the
transformer
here power rating in mega volt ampere we
will choose 12.5
okay so find here fla which is a full
load and bear or for load current
is 65.61 according to
this value this is of course at
the high the low current is at the
primary and the high current is at
the secondary okay or in the low voltage
in the high voltage
okay
now go to the impedance you will find
here
the values of the impedance for the
transformers are positive
x over r ratio and etc okay and zero
sequence
so what we can do here is that if i
don't know
these values we can click on typical
z and x over r so the program will
automatically put
values according to this and the null
load test
data used for unbalanced load flow only
you can also choose typical value okay
you can see also here that tabbing of
the transformer
does it have a voltage regulator you can
put its data
does it have a fixed tab what is that
tapping here inside the transformer you
can also add it here
then click on okay now confusing
possibly now 11 kilo volt
and we have here the cable and load
let's edit
them double click on the cable
then first thing we will need to
identify the lens for example i will
choose 10 feet
okay 10 feet okay
now we need to identify our cable you
will see that here
our cable from pass three to pass four
okay number of conductors the purpose we
can
choose it as would like how many
conductors for each phase
now if i would like to choose the type
of the conductor from the library
click on it now let's see
what a type of conductor would be
suitable for
us okay this of course according to the
actual value
we are not designing here we are
drawing the single line diagram and
adding values which we already know
in order to do that analysis for
our system such as short circuit voltage
drop and
etc and load flow of course so for
example i'm going to choose
which one which one
okay we can choose this one for example
okay the 60 hertz
uh copper and 15 kilovolt since our
voltage here 11
so we choose at 15 kilovolt now go
here to the sizing okay to the
sizing we can
choose the um this one
okay now another thing we will choose
one
okay we will choose one
62 and okay and another okay
go now to the lumbed load okay
the name and the pass connected to it
connected to
bus number four okay
now uh the second thing we would like to
do
is that going to the nameplate and
identify
is the values for the um
lumbed load itself okay so as an example
we can choose our lumbed load as
uh 2 megawatt okay i would like 2
megawatt
so here we can place 2 megawatt
okay and we need some power factor to be
nine seven okay for example nine
seven okay nine seven
okay and make this one two
so here the power factor and the 2
megawatt which is the
load which you are using okay
and we'll see that here the kilovolt is
11 kilovolt okay
now go to another cable
okay this is also would be similar to
the previous cable for example we'll
choose
uh instead of five feet or ten feet we
will choose
15 feet okay 15
okay of course all of these values are
according to the real situation
okay library
we will choose the same type of cable
which is a three four
this one okay and 262
this one okay another okay
another thing this is our cable now our
load
we will choose for example um
let's make it a three megawatt
nameplate um three megawatt and
mind for a perfecto mind four
and three megawatt
ninety four power factor
okay and streaming god
okay
okay now the last thing we would like to
select our generator okay our generate
double click connected to bus number
three
and the operation mode here now we
selected the swing which is only one
in our system which is our grid we
select it as a swing
now this generator will be a bv
generator or a voltage control generator
okay okay ratings
uh what is that reading for this one
for example at three megawatt this is a
rating for
the generator okay
now you can choose of course that design
and the normal megawatt okay now for
example i will make it
one megawatt a one megawatt
okay and you can see here the
mega volt limit so we can choose it
according to
the capability curve okay
this is of course according to the data
you have
about your own uh generator
now another thing you will find here the
values of xd xd dash
execute all of these values which are
representing the modeling of our
generator we can add it if we already
know or use that typical data
okay another thing you can choose the
excitator type for this generator
okay according to what you already know
and the generator type steam
hydro diesel or whatever it is and the
rotor is it a rounded or resilient
for example we have a different options
according to what you already know okay
let's click on ok
now you can double click on the network
and
add the values for the cable and for the
lambda
or which is similar to what we already
did
or we can simply uh delete it
okay we can delete it because we don't
already
uh need it of anything okay double click
delete okay so this is a
single line diagram and we already
bought the values of
every element we have now last thing
before going to this
to the end of this video we have another
thing
the presentation
toolbar this one what's the benefit of
it
now we will see here cable manager click
on it
you will see the data of all of the
cable used
cable one and one slash one which is
this one cable one cable one slash one
okay and you will find here is a
conductor purpose
conductor pair each cable
the code of the cable itself the size
in millimeter square the lens all of the
information you would need
and the installation okay you can also
the cable ac dc what is this the benefit
in order to
uh we use this one in order to filter
our cables if we have a large number of
cables
and of course i need for example adc
if i click here it will show only dc
cables
if i click here it will show ac cables
if i would like kilo volt for example
um okay less than one okay
they we have here uh
from 1 to 30 okay for example if i
make this 1 16 so it will show all
cables from 16 to 30
but like this cables gone
but if we choose for example f14
cables are back like this so what is
this this is a filter
okay in order to filter what kilovolt
cable you would like to have and uh
ac dc a single phase or three phase and
etc
okay now another thing
uh we have here this one is a new
presentation what does this do
this would make this one
and another one line view okay for
example from oliv1 to all
ev2 click ok
you will see what happens here
or eliv 2 what is olev 2 this
is a second single line diagram
so what is the benefit of having another
presentation is that
you can go and do another
case study for example okay if we select
this load flow analysis you can see here
we can add
another case study with the same single
line diagram
but we will do another different case
study
and the case study means that we are
doing a lot flow analysis or short
circuit analysis and
etc this one is our project
view will give you the option in order
to do a
static cases for example if i would like
a load flow
like this right click and create a new
load flow double click and
okay okay this will create another
load flow analysis okay
so in this video we learned how to add
the ratings of the
elements in eta program and
we learned about the presentation
toolbar
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