POLICE

Summary

The video script delves into the concept and evolution of law enforcement, focusing on the Philippine National Police as part of the executive branch. It distinguishes between 'police' as an agency and 'policeman' as an individual, emphasizing the police's role in crime prevention, detection, and public service. The script contrasts the continental and home rule theories of policing, highlighting the modern approach where police are viewed as community servants, aiming for crime prevention rather than just apprehension.

Takeaways

• 🏫 The term 'police' originates from the Roman word 'felicia', which pertains to the condition of a state's government and administration.
• 👮‍♂️ 'Police' and 'law enforcement agency' are not interchangeable; the latter is broader and includes other government agencies involved in law enforcement.
• 📚 The Philippine National Police (PNP) is part of the executive branch of the government and is tasked with enforcing laws and maintaining public order.
• 🔍 The primary activities of the police include crime prevention, repression, apprehension, search and seizure, investigation, and protection of lives and properties.
• 📝 The acronym 'P-R-A-S-I-P' helps to remember the main police activities: Prevention, Repression, Apprehension/Arrest, Search, Investigation, and Protection.
• 🌐 The concept of police service varies globally, with the Continental Theory viewing police as servants of higher authorities, and the Home Rule Theory considering them as community servants.
• 🏛️ The Home Rule Theory, which is practiced in the Philippines, emphasizes that police are public servants whose effectiveness is dependent on community needs and support.
• 📖 The evolution of the term 'police' includes its adaptation from the Greek and French languages, with the Filipino adaptation making it more compatible with local pronunciation and spelling.
• 👥 Juridical persons, such as corporations and associations, have legal rights and obligations, whereas natural persons refer to human beings.
• 🔑 The modern concept of police service focuses on public service and community relations, moving beyond traditional roles of crime apprehension and punishment.
• 🎓 The Philippine National Police operates under the modern concept, identifying as public servants and emphasizing their role in serving the community effectively.

Q & A

What are the six subject areas in the criminology board exam?

The six subject areas in the criminology board exam are law, criminal sociology, corrections, criminalistics and investigation, and two other areas mentioned in the script but not specified.

What is the primary responsibility of the police?

The primary responsibility of the police is to enforce the law, maintain public order, and prevent and detect crimes.

Can the terms 'police' and 'law enforcement agency' be used interchangeably?

While the term 'police' can be used interchangeably with 'law enforcement agency' in ordinary communication, strictly speaking, it is not accurate because a law enforcement agency is broader and includes other agencies under the executive branch of the government that enforce laws.

What is the role of the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) in the context of law enforcement?

The Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) enforces tax laws and is part of the broader law enforcement agencies under the executive branch of the government.

What are the three branches of government and their respective roles?

The three branches of government are the executive, the judiciary, and the legislative. The legislative branch is responsible for creating laws, the judiciary interprets and applies the laws, and the executive branch enforces the laws.

What is the focus of the handbook mentioned in the script?

The focus of the handbook is the Philippine National Police, which is part of the executive branch of the government and enforces laws.

How can the term 'police' be used both as a noun and a verb?

As a noun, 'police' refers to the agency or the collective group of individuals employed in that agency. As a verb, it refers to the act of maintaining discipline or ensuring that rules are observed.

What is the acronym that helps remember the different police activities?

The acronym to remember the different police activities is P-R-A-S-I-H, standing for Prevention, Repression, Apprehension/Arrest, Search, Investigation, and Protection.

What is the source of the term 'police' and how did it evolve?

The term 'police' evolved from the Roman word 'policia', which means the condition of a state, government, and administration. It was further translated by the French to 'police' to refer to a law enforcer, and the Filipinos adapted the term to fit their pronunciation and spelling.

What are the two fundamental theories of police service mentioned in the script?

The two fundamental theories of police service are the Continental Theory, where police are considered servants of higher authorities, and the Home Rule Theory, where police are considered servants of the community.

How does the modern concept of police service differ from the old concept?

In the old concept, the public viewed police effectiveness based on the number of arrests made. In contrast, the modern concept views police effectiveness in the absence of crime and includes a broader range of functions such as public service and community relations.

Outlines

00:00

🏛️ Law Enforcement and Police Functions

The first paragraph introduces the concept of law enforcement, organization, and administration within an interagency approach, known as LEIA. It explains that the Philippine National Police (PNP) is part of the executive branch of the government, tasked with enforcing laws, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting crimes. The term 'police' is distinguished from 'law enforcement agency,' with the latter being broader and including other government agencies involved in law enforcement. The paragraph also discusses the use of 'police' as both a noun and a verb, emphasizing the role of the police in maintaining discipline and ensuring rule adherence.

05:02

🚔 Philippine Criminal Justice System and Police Activities

This paragraph delves into the Philippine Criminal Justice System (CJS), highlighting the role of the police as the first pillar in the system. It outlines various police activities, including crime prevention, repression, apprehension of offenders, search and seizure, investigation of crimes, and protection of lives and properties. The acronym 'PRAISE' is introduced to help memorize these activities. The paragraph also emphasizes the importance of referring to the complete list of PNP powers and functions as outlined in Section 24 of RA 6975, the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Act of 1981.

10:02

📜 Evolution of the Term 'Police' and Juridical Concepts

The third paragraph explores the historical evolution of the term 'police,' tracing its roots to the Roman word 'felicia' and the Greek word for a group of persons governing a city. It discusses how the French translated 'policia' to 'police' and how Filipinos adapted the term to fit their pronunciation and spelling. The paragraph differentiates between 'police' as an agency (a juridical person) and 'policeman' as an individual employed by the agency (a natural person). It also contrasts the continental theory of police service, where police are seen as servants of higher authorities, with the home rule theory, which is more prevalent in countries with decentralized government structures like the Philippines.

15:04

🏙️ Theories and Concepts of Police Service

The final paragraph contrasts the old and modern concepts of police service. Under the old concept, the public viewed police effectiveness by the number of arrests made, while the modern concept emphasizes the absence of crime as a measure of effectiveness. The modern concept includes public service and community relations as part of police functions. The Philippine National Police operates under the modern concept, positioning its officers as public servants. The paragraph concludes by reinforcing the idea that the role of the police has evolved to encompass a broader range of services beyond traditional law enforcement activities.

Keywords

💡Law Enforcement

Law enforcement refers to the act of enforcing the law, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting crimes. In the context of the video, it is used interchangeably with 'police,' but it is clarified that law enforcement is a broader term that includes various government agencies responsible for law enforcement, such as the Bureau of Internal Revenue. The video emphasizes the distinction between the terms 'police' and 'law enforcement agency,' highlighting the broader scope of the latter.

💡Criminology

Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. The video mentions it in the context of the six subject areas in the criminology board exam, which includes law enforcement as one of its core components. Criminology provides the theoretical framework for understanding the role and functions of the police within the criminal justice system.

💡Police Activities

The video outlines various police activities, which include prevention of crime, repression or suppression of crime, apprehension of offenders, search and seizure, investigation of crime, and protection of lives and properties. These activities are encapsulated in the acronym 'P-R-A-S-I-P,' which serves as a mnemonic for remembering the core functions of the police force.

💡Philippine National Police (PNP)

The Philippine National Police is the primary law enforcement agency in the Philippines, which is part of the executive branch of the government and is responsible for enforcing laws and maintaining public order. The video script emphasizes that the focus of the handbook discussed is the PNP, indicating its significance in the context of law enforcement in the country.

💡Juridical Person

A juridical person, as mentioned in the video, is an entity that has legal existence and is capable of having rights and obligations. In the context of the video, the police as an agency is considered a juridical person, whereas a policeman, as an individual employed by the agency, is a natural person. This distinction is important for understanding the legal framework within which the police operate.

💡Natural Person

A natural person refers to an individual human being, as opposed to a juridical person, which is an entity like a corporation or organization. In the video, the term is used to differentiate between the police as an organization (juridical person) and the individual officers who serve within it (natural persons).

💡Continental Theory

The Continental Theory is one of the two fundamental theories of police service discussed in the video. Under this theory, police officers are viewed as servants of higher authorities, with little or no direct connection to the people they serve. It is prevalent in countries with a centralized governmental structure, such as France, Italy, and Spain.

💡Home Rule Theory

The Home Rule Theory is the second fundamental theory of police service mentioned in the video. It posits that police officers are servants of the community and that their effectiveness is dependent on the community's trust and support. This theory is practiced in countries with a decentralized governmental structure, such as England and the United States, and is also observed in the Philippines.

💡Decentralized Government

A decentralized government is a system where decision-making authority is distributed among various levels of government rather than being concentrated at the central level. The video contrasts this with a centralized government, where decision-making is more concentrated. The Philippines is mentioned as having a decentralized local government structure, which influences the approach to policing.

💡Public Servant

In the context of the video, a public servant refers to a police officer who serves the community. The modern concept of police service emphasizes the role of police as public servants, focusing on community relations and public service rather than solely on law enforcement and crime prevention.

💡Police Evolution

The term 'police evolution' in the video refers to the historical development and changes in the concept and role of the police over time. The script traces the etymology of the word 'police' from its origins in Roman and Greek to its modern usage, reflecting the evolution of the police's function and perception in society.

Highlights

Law Enforcement, Organization, and Administration (LEIA) is part of the criminology board exam, covering six subject areas.

LEIA is usually part of Day One of the exam.

Police are responsible for enforcing law, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting crimes.

The term 'police' is not interchangeable with 'law enforcement agency'; the latter is broader.

Law enforcement agencies include other government agencies under the executive branch, like the Bureau of Internal Revenue.

The Philippine National Police (PNP) is part of the executive branch and enforces laws.

The term 'police' can function as both a noun and a verb, referring to the agency or the act of maintaining discipline.

The Philippine Criminal Justice System (CJS) has multiple pillars, with the police being the first.

Police activities include prevention, repression, apprehension, search, investigation, and protection.

An acronym for remembering police activities is P-R-A-S-I-P (Prevention, Repression, Apprehension, Search, Investigation, Protection).

For a complete list of PNP's powers and functions, refer to Section 24 of RA 6975.

The term 'police' evolved from the Roman word 'felicia', meaning the condition of a state, government, and administration.

The French translated 'policia' to 'police', influencing how other languages, including Filipino, adapted the term.

Police are not the same as policemen; police refers to the agency, while policeman refers to individuals employed by the agency.

There are two fundamental theories of police service: the Continental Theory and the Home Rule Theory.

The Continental Theory views policemen as servants of higher authorities, prevalent in centralized governments.

The Home Rule Theory sees policemen as servants of the community, effective when the community relies on them, fitting decentralized governments.

The modern concept of police service emphasizes public service and community relations over just arrests and crime handling.

The Philippine National Police operates under the modern concept, identifying as public servants.

Transcripts

okay so this is law enforcement

organization and administration

interagency

approach this is

leia one as you

might know already there are six subject

areas in your

in the criminology board exam

um

law criminal sociology

corrections

criminalistics and investigation

so leia

is usually part of day one

after

young

okay

so let's start

police and finish on an evolution of

police so police is the agency of a

community or government that is

responsible for enforcing the law

maintaining public order and preventing

and detecting

crimes you might know this already

police or other

or members of other government

government agencies

okay so in ordinary communication the

word police can be used interchangeably

with law enforcement

agencies strictly speaking however it is

not accurate to interchange the terms

police and law enforcement agency

because the law enforcement agency is

broder siguro young law enforcement

agency

conditions filipina sapi

enforcing the law maintaining public

order preventing and detecting friends

it includes other agencies under the

executive branch of the government in

charge of the execution

or enforcement of laws as for instance

the bureau of internal revenue or vir

enforces tax

laws so there are three branches of the

government we have the executive the

judiciary and the legislative

legislative it is responsible for

creating laws

then the judiciary

and we have the executive branch of the

government it is

the

enforcer of the law tagapad

they are law enforcers because they

actually enforce the different types of

laws

specifically

for maintaining

it or public order

okay

so take note the concentration of this

handbook

is the philippine national police

it is also

part of the executive branch of the

government because it also enforces laws

so how can the police how can the word

police be used as a noun

and a verb

familiar noun and verb so

uh nouns are names specific names and

verbs

are action words so the term police may

be used as a noun and as a verb as a

noun refer to

the first paragraph of this question as

a verb it refers to the act of

maintaining discipline or ensuring

that the rules must be observed

for example

i want to become a police someday so

young police

hence if students go outside their

school for a field trip their teacher

usually cautions them to remain

disciplined by telling them to police

themselves

okay so again the term police can be

used as a noun and as a verb

familiar

cjs

have you heard of it

the philippine criminal justice system

okay

so

you might

have learned this already na merong le

mang

pillar and criminal justice system

and the very first one is the police so

what are the different police activities

so they first present prime prevention

of crime is intended to

prevent root causes of crime

in a broader sense

for example

uh

okay

so that's one prevention of crime

another is repression or suppression of

crime

uh reducing the opportunity of

committing a crime like the act of

conducting patrol it's a prevention of

crime young letter a

ini iwasani

uh third is the apprehension of

offenders apprehending offenders is also

known as arresting

offenders

and then conduct

search and seizure

it is

a

part of the philippine constitution that

in order for you to

uh

wait

in order for you to wave that

uh right

nah embodied in the philippine

constitution telangana

okay and then investigation of crime of

course

that is one of the main

jobs of the police officer to conduct

investigation of crime so

crime scene investigators at the young

members nang sofa team or nank

laboratory

investigators nanasa station

hoodies from

uh stations

they also conduct

uh investigation of crime

and

the protection of lives and

properties

okay so take note in memorizing the

different police activities just do not

forget the acronym

so p stands for prevention r for

repression

uh a stands for apprehension or arrest

s stands for search i stands for

investigation and he stands for

protection

so it must be stressed further that the

enumeration only presents the simplified

police activities for the complete list

of the powers and functions of the

philippine national police so refer to

section 24

of ra 6975

um

ra 6975 is the dilg act

of 1981

okay

later on

uh parts

are a6975

okay so how did the term police evolve

so it was derived from the roman word

felicia

highlander

okay

which means the condition of a state

government and administration

then the word

felicia originated from the greek word

which means a group of persons that

governs

a city

a group of persons that refers a cd

it was the french who translated the

word policia to police to refer to a law

enforcer

and uh french

okay

is a roman word which means condition of

a state government and administration it

originated from the word polite

and it means a group of persons

that governs

the filipinos

further translated the term police in a

way for it to be compatible in the

manner they pronounce and spell words

so the word police

police came out hence policemen

know their jobs well so that the other

term

foolish will not be introduced as a

description of the members of the

philippine national police

okay the term police is not the same

with policeman police refers to the

agency

refers to the person employed in that

agency

and then the former is a juridical

person

this one is the juridical person while

the latter

the

policeman is a natural person so you

might ask anub juridical person

so when we say juridical person it is a

being of legal existence susceptible of

rights and legal obligations or a be in

subject of juridical

relations it refers to a corporation

partnership association entity

and the like for example jollibee

corporation it's a juridical person

okay

angeles university foundation is also a

juridical person

it is a being of legal existence

okay

and a natural person

refers to a human being i'm a natural

person

okay so preliminaries fundamental

theories of police service there are two

fundamental theories of police service

first is the continental theory

so under the continental theory

policemen are considered as servants of

higher authorities and the people have

little or no share at all in their

duties nor have any direct connection

with them this prevails in countries

like france italy and spain where the

governmental structure follows the

centralization

pattern

an example of a police force that

adhered to continental theory was the

japanese imperial army called

kempetai

japanese imperial army

which was organized and existed from

1881 to 1945.

a member of it was

so this imperial army was tasked to

perform functions of the military police

for the imperial japanese navy

under the direction of the admiralty

minister so that's

continental

theory

for continental theory

then we have the home rule theory so

policemen are considered as servants of

the community

who depend on their effectiveness in

performing their functions this is

practice in england and in the united

states where the governmental structure

is decentralized

theory

so the one observer in the philippines

is the home rule theory this is because

our police officers are always claiming

that they are servants of the community

public servant

they serve the public they serve the

community

the community depends upon the

effectiveness of our police officers and

that the philippines has local

government structure

instituted through a system of

decentralization

so what is the distinction between a

decentralized government and a

centralized government

in the centralized government the

decision-making is delegated to the

local government while in centralized

government the decision-making is

exercised by the central government in

other words in centralized form of

government the authority of the local

government

is very limited unlike in the

centralized form of

government

and then

fundamental concepts of police service

so we have

two

the old concept and the modern concept

so under the old concept the public look

at policemen to be more effective if

they can conduct numerous arrests and

put behind bars what they have arrested

the more the merrier

while in the modern concept

the public look at policeman as more

effective in the absence

of crime

you know modern concept police functions

are not limited to the act of arresting

offenders

or to other matters dealing with

offenders police functions at present

include public service

pc or public

uh communi

community relations

so the philippine national police at

present is under the modern concept this

manifest in the fact that our policemen

are calling themselves as public

servants

so

effective and police

and that's it for today

you