Explanation of Boiler Feed Water & Its Treatment | Engineering Chemistry
Summary
TLDRBoiler feed water is essential for generating steam in industrial boilers, which is used for power and heating. Natural water sources are unfit due to impurities, necessitating pre-treatment to remove contaminants. This treated water, combined with returned condensate and makeup water, forms the boiler feed. Proper treatment is crucial to prevent scale formation, corrosion, and ensure efficient heat transfer. Key specifications include hardness below 2 ppm, alkalinity levels, and freedom from turbidity, sediments, organic matter, oil, and grease.
Takeaways
- 🔥 Boilers are essential in industries for generating steam, which is used for power and heat production.
- 🔨 The boiler consists of two main components: the furnace, which provides heat by burning fuel, and the boiler proper, where water turns into steam.
- 💧 Modern boilers require high-quality water for efficient operation, which is not readily available from natural sources due to impurities.
- 🌀 Boiler feed water is specially conditioned water that is fed into the boiler to produce steam or hot water.
- 🔄 Steam is condensed after use and returned as pure feed water, mixed with fresh water or makeup water to form boiler feed water.
- 🚰 The quality of boiler feed water depends on the makeup water and the amount of condensate returned to the boiler.
- 🧹 Impurities can accumulate at the bottom of the boiler, which can be removed by the blowdown operation, discharging water to the drain.
- 🛡️ Proper treatment of boiler feed water is crucial to prevent the concentration of dissolved solids that can cause poor heat transfer and boiler corrosion.
- 📋 Boiler feed water should meet specific specifications, including hardness below 2 ppm, and alkalinity within certain ppm ranges.
- 🌿 The water must be free from turbidity, sediments, organic matter, oil, and grease to avoid fouling.
- 🚰 In thermal power stations, feed water is stored, preheated, and conditioned before being pumped into the boiler.
Q & A
What is the primary purpose of a boiler in an industrial setting?
-The primary purpose of a boiler in an industrial setting is to generate steam, which is then used to generate power and heat.
What are the two main components of a boiler?
-The two main components of a boiler are the furnace, which provides heat by burning fuel, and the boiler proper, where water is converted into steam due to heat.
Why is boiler feed water important for the efficient operation of modern boilers?
-Boiler feed water is important because modern boilers require high-quality water to operate efficiently, and natural sources of water contain impurities that make them unfit for use in boilers.
What is the process of treating water to make it suitable for use in boilers called?
-The process of treating water to make it suitable for use in boilers is called pre-treatment, which involves various techniques to remove impurities.
What is the difference between boiler feed water and return water?
-Boiler feed water is the specially conditioned water fed into the boiler to generate steam or hot water, while return water is the steam that has been condensed after use and is returned as pure feed water.
What is the purpose of blowdown operation in a boiler system?
-The purpose of blowdown operation is to remove impurities that have settled at the bottom of the boiler by discharging some water to the drain.
Why is it necessary to treat boiler feed water properly?
-Proper treatment of boiler feed water is necessary to prevent the concentration of dissolved solids that can form deposits, leading to poor heat transfer and reduced boiler efficiency, as well as to protect the boiler from corrosion caused by dissolved gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What are the typical specifications for boiler feed water hardness and alkalinity?
-The hardness of boiler feed water should be below 2 parts per million, and its total alkalinity should be between 15 and 45 parts per million, while soda alkalinity should be between 45 and 1 part per million.
What should boiler feed water be free from to avoid forming deposits?
-Boiler feed water should be free from turbidity, sediments, organic matter, oil, and grease to avoid forming deposits.
How is feed water typically stored and conditioned before being fed into the boiler in thermal power stations?
-In thermal power stations, feed water is usually stored, preheated, and conditioned in the feed water tank before being forwarded into the boiler through the boiler feed water pump.
Outlines
🔥 Boiler Feed Water and Its Importance
This paragraph explains the concept of boiler feed water and its significance in industrial processes. Boilers are used to generate steam for power and heating, consisting of a furnace for heat production and a boiler where water turns into steam. Modern boilers demand high-quality water, which is pre-treated to remove impurities found in natural sources. The treated water, known as boiler feed water, is a blend of return water from steam condensation and fresh makeup water. The paragraph also touches on the issue of impurities settling in the boiler, which are managed through a blowdown operation. The importance of proper water treatment is emphasized to prevent heat transfer inefficiencies and corrosion due to dissolved solids and gases.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Boiler
💡Boiler Feed Water
💡Furnace
💡Steam
💡Impurities
💡Pre-treatment
💡Return Water
💡Makeup Water
💡Blowdown
💡Hardness
💡Alkalinity
💡Turbidity
💡Organic Matter
Highlights
Boilers are used in industries to generate steam for power and heat production.
Boilers consist of a furnace for heat and a boiler for water-to-steam conversion.
Modern boilers require high-quality water for efficient operation.
Natural water sources contain impurities making them unsuitable for boilers.
Boiler feed water is pre-treated to remove impurities for use in boilers.
Steam produced in boilers is condensed and returned as pure feed water.
Return water combined with makeup water forms the boiler feed water.
Impurities can accumulate at the bottom of the boiler and are removed through blowdown operations.
Proper treatment of boiler feed water is crucial for efficient boiler operation and maintenance.
Concentrated dissolved solids from steam production can lead to boiler deposits and poor heat transfer.
Dissolved gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide can cause corrosion in boiler systems.
Boiler feed water should be treated to protect against contaminants.
Hardness of boiler feed water should be below 2 parts per million.
Custic alkalinity should be maintained between .15 and 45 parts per million.
Soda alkalinity should be between 45 and 1 parts per million.
Boiler feed water must be free from turbidity, sediments, organic matter, oil, and grease.
In thermal power stations, feed water is stored, preheated, and conditioned before being fed into the boiler.
Transcripts
explain boiler feed water and give its
specifications generally boilers are
used in Industries to generate steam
which in turn is used to generate power
and heat thus boiler is a device for
generating
steam it consists of two main parts
furnace and boiler
proper furnace provides Heat by burning
the
fuel and boiler proper is a device where
water changes into steam due to
heat this steam or hot fluid is then
recirculated out of the boiler to be
used in various processes in heating
applications the water which is fed into
the boiler is called the boiler feed
water these days modern boilers require
high quality water to operate
efficiently but such water can never be
obtained from any of the natural sources
as it contains certain
impurities the presence of impurities in
the water makes it unfit for use in the
boilers so to make the water fit for use
in boilers it should be pre-treated
using various
techniques thus we can say that boiler
feed water is specially conditioned
water which is fed into the boiler to
generate steam or hot
water it is generated through a system
of heat
economy steam produced in the
boiler is condensed after
use and is returned as pure feed water
called the return
water then some fresh water or makeup
water is added to this return
water it is this combination of return
turn
water and make up
water which is fed into the
boiler as the boiler feed water to
generate steam note that boiler feed
water depends upon the quality of the
makeup water and the amount of
condensate returned to the
boiler sometimes we see that some
impurities settle down at the bottom of
the boiler after the steam is produced
we know that steam which escapes from
the boiler normally contains liquid
droplets and gases so the remaining
water at the bottom of the boiler might
pick up all the foreign matter from the
water that was converted to steam this
results in the accumulation of
impurities at the bottom of the boiler
these impurities can be removed by
discharging some water from the boiler
to the
drain such process of blowing the
impurities from the boiler to the drain
is called blowdown
operation in order to operate and
maintain a boiler system efficiently it
is important to treat the boiler feed
water properly this is because when
steam is produced the dissolved solids
become concentrated and form deposits
inside the
boiler this leads to poor heat transfer
and reduces the efficiency of the
boiler also the dissolved gas such as
oxygen and carbon dioxide react react
with the metals in the boiler system and
this leads to boiler
corrosion thus to protect the boiler
from such contaminants the boiler feed
water should be treated properly through
external or internal
treatment let us now discuss the
specifications of boiler feed water
before using the boiler feed water in
the boiler it should be made sure that
it meets the following specifications
its hardness should be below 2 parts per
million its costic alkalinity should be
between .15 and 45 parts per million its
soda alkalinity should be between 45 and
1 parts per million it should be free
from turbidity and
sediments and it should be free from
organic matter oil and grease to avoid
forming note that in thermal power
stations feed water is usually stored
preheated and conditioned in the feed
water tank and then forward it into the
boiler through the boiler feed water
pump related terms
are
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