THC 1 | Lesson 1 | Part 1/3

Summary

This lesson offers a macro perspective on tourism and hospitality, highlighting the industry's rapid growth and multifaceted impact. It underscores tourism's role in job creation, economic diversification, and foreign exchange enhancement. The script delves into cultural exchange fostering understanding and peace, referencing the 'peace industry' concept. Historical insights into Philippine tourism are provided, with emphasis on its evolution and the Marcos regime's influence. The lesson also explores definitions and characteristics of tourism, emphasizing its complexity and dynamic nature, concluding with the significance of tourism's economic and cultural contributions.

Takeaways

• 🌟 Tourism is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that involves phenomena and relationships arising from travel and temporary stays.
• 🏨 Job creation is a significant advantage of the tourism industry, providing opportunities in hospitality and catering to the needs of tourists.
• 💰 Economic diversification is fostered by tourism, as it generates income for both the establishments and the people working within the industry.
• 🌐 Foreign exchange is boosted by international tourism, as tourists spend resources in the countries they visit, contributing to the local economy.
• 🤝 Tourism promotes cultural understanding and trust among people of different cultures through interactions and experiences.
• 🕊️ The industry is considered the first peace industry, as it encourages peace and respect for different cultures.
• 📚 The tourism industry in the Philippines started during the Marcos regime and was initially called the Ministry of Tourism, headed by Jose Di Aspiras.
• 📉 The tourism industry experienced a downturn during the declaration of martial law under Marcos, affecting businesses and establishments.
• 📈 After Marcos, the Aquino administration attempted to revive tourism with various programs, though it did not reach the heights of the Marcos era.
• 📚 Definitions of tourism vary, emphasizing the temporary movement of people, their activities at the destination, and the distances traveled.
• 🔍 The characteristics of tourism include complexity, dynamism (journey), static elements (stay), temporary movement, and recreational activities.

Q & A

What is the macro perspective in tourism and hospitality?

The macro perspective in tourism and hospitality is a general overview of the tourism industry, which is considered to be very encompassing and one of the most consistent and fastest-growing industries.

Why is the tourism industry considered to be encompassing?

The tourism industry is considered encompassing because it involves various sectors and provides opportunities for job creation, economic diversification, and contributes to foreign exchange, among other aspects.

How does the tourism industry contribute to job creation?

The tourism industry contributes to job creation by providing opportunities for people to work in various establishments catering to the needs of tourists, thus requiring a diverse workforce.

What is the significance of economic diversification in the context of tourism?

Economic diversification in the context of tourism means that the industry creates jobs and opportunities that generate income not only for the establishments but also for the people, leading to a more varied and robust economy.

How does tourism contribute to foreign exchange?

Tourism contributes to foreign exchange as international tourists spend their resources in a specific country to enjoy and explore its offerings, thus increasing the country's foreign exchange reserves.

What cultural benefits can be derived from tourism?

Tourism promotes understanding and trust among people of different cultures through interactions and exchanges, which can lead to embracing and respecting the cultures of others, fostering peace.

When did tourism start in the Philippines and what was its initial name?

Tourism started in the Philippines during the Marcos regime, initially known as the Ministry of Tourism, headed by Jose Di Aspiras.

What impact did the declaration of martial law have on the tourism industry in the Philippines?

The declaration of martial law during the Marcos regime led to a downfall in the tourism industry, causing suffering for establishments and a decline in its growth.

How did the Aquino administration approach the improvement of tourism in the Philippines?

The Aquino administration, under President Cory Aquino, implemented programs aimed at improving tourism in the country, although it did not reach the heights of the tourism industry during the Marcos regime.

What are the three definitions of tourism provided by different societies according to the script?

The three definitions of tourism provided are: 1) From the Byrne University of Switzerland, focusing on phenomena and relationships arising from travel; 2) From the Tourism Society in Britain, defining it as short-term and temporary movement of people; and 3) From the Tourism Society in Cardiff, defining it in terms of particular activities undertaken outside the home environment.

What are the five characteristics of tourism as stated by Burkhardt and Medley?

The five characteristics of tourism are: 1) Complexity, combining phenomena and relationships; 2) The dynamic element of journey or movement; 3) The static element of stay or accommodation and recreational activities; 4) The temporary or short-term nature of the movement; and 5) The activities done at the destination, such as recreational activities and cultural encounters.

What differentiates a tourist from an excursionist according to the United Conference on International Travel and Tourism?

A tourist is a person who visits a country other than where they are earning money or residing for at least 24 hours, while an excursionist stays for less than 24 hours.

What are the five elements of travel as discussed in the script?

The five elements of travel are: 1) Distance, the measure used to distinguish travel from home; 2) Length of stay, differentiating tourists from excursionists; 3) Residence, the origin of the tourists; 4) Purpose of travel, the reasons for traveling; and 5) Other reasons for travel, which may include personal or business purposes.

Outlines

00:00

🌏 Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality

This paragraph introduces the macro perspective on tourism and hospitality, focusing on the meaning, importance, and history of tourism. It emphasizes tourism as a broad and rapidly growing industry, highlighting its advantages such as job creation, economic diversification, and foreign exchange contributions. The script also discusses the cultural exchange facilitated by tourism, promoting understanding, trust, and peace among different cultures. Historical insights into the development of the tourism industry in the Philippines, particularly during the Marcos regime, are provided, noting both its peak and subsequent decline due to martial law. The paragraph concludes with the transition to the Aquino regime and efforts to revive tourism, acknowledging the industry's consistent growth despite not reaching the heights of the Marcos era.

05:02

📚 Multi-Dimensional Nature of Tourism

This section delves into the multi-dimensional aspects of tourism, considering it as a complex phenomenon involving various phenomena and relationships. It presents definitions of tourism from different societies, emphasizing the temporary and recreational nature of travel. The paragraph outlines five characteristics of tourism: its complexity, the dynamic and static elements of travel, the temporary nature of the movement, and the recreational activities undertaken at the destination. These characteristics are used to summarize the essence of tourism, which includes economic contributions, job provision, and cultural exchanges, highlighting its significance beyond mere travel.

10:04

🏖️ Elements of Tourism and Peace Industry

The final paragraph explores the concept of tourism as the first peace industry, involving visitors and host countries in a mutual exchange. It differentiates between tourists and excursionists based on the duration of their stay and the distance traveled. The paragraph outlines five elements of travel: distance, length of stay, residence, purpose of travel, and other reasons for travel. These elements encompass a wide range of activities and purposes, from business and entertainment to personal events, and are categorized into allocentric, mid-centric, and psychocentric activities. The summary concludes by setting the stage for further discussion in subsequent video lessons.

Keywords

💡Macro Perspective

Macro perspective refers to a broad or large-scale view of a subject, in this case, the tourism industry. It encompasses the overall structure, functions, and impacts of tourism on a national or global scale. In the video, the macro perspective is used to discuss the wide-ranging effects of tourism, including job creation and economic diversification.

💡Tourism Industry

The tourism industry is an economic sector that encompasses all services and businesses related to the travel and accommodation of tourists. It is highlighted in the video as one of the most consistent and fastest-growing industries, contributing significantly to job creation and economic growth.

💡Job Creation

Job creation refers to the process of generating new employment opportunities. In the context of the video, the tourism industry is emphasized as a significant job creator, providing opportunities for people to work in various capacities within the sector, from hospitality to management.

💡Economic Diversification

Economic diversification is the process of developing a variety of industries within an economy to reduce reliance on a single sector. The video explains how the tourism industry contributes to this by providing jobs and income, thus diversifying the economic base of a nation.

💡Foreign Exchange

Foreign exchange in the context of tourism refers to the money brought into a country by international tourists. The script mentions that tourists spending resources in a specific country contributes to its foreign exchange earnings, which is an important aspect of the economic impact of tourism.

💡Cultural Understanding

Cultural understanding is the knowledge and appreciation of different cultures. The video script discusses how tourism promotes cultural understanding through interactions and exchanges between tourists and locals, leading to greater respect and peace among different cultures.

💡Peace Industry

The term 'peace industry' is used in the video to describe tourism's role in fostering peace through cultural exchange and understanding. It suggests that tourism can be a force for unity and cooperation among different nations and peoples.

💡Tourism Society

The term 'tourism society' in the script refers to organizations or groups that are dedicated to the study and promotion of tourism. The video cites definitions of tourism from various tourism societies, indicating their influence on shaping the understanding of tourism as a phenomenon.

💡Characteristics of Tourism

The script outlines five characteristics of tourism, as defined by Burkhardt and Medley, which include complexity, journey and stay, being outside the usual environment, temporary movement, and recreational activities. These characteristics help to define what constitutes tourism and distinguish it from other forms of travel or migration.

💡Visitors and Hosts

Visitors and hosts are the two primary parties involved in tourism. Visitors are tourists who travel to a destination, while hosts are the local people or service providers in the destination. The video discusses the dynamic between these two groups and their roles in the tourism experience.

💡Travel Elements

The script identifies five elements of travel: distance, length of stay, residence, purpose of travel, and other reasons for travel. These elements help to categorize and understand the different types of travel experiences and the motivations behind them.

Highlights

Tourism industry is the most consistent and fastest-growing industry.

Job creation is a significant advantage of the tourism perspective.

Tourism contributes to economic diversification through job opportunities.

Foreign exchange is boosted by international tourists spending resources in a specific country.

Cultural understanding and trust are promoted through tourism interactions.

Tourism is considered the first peace industry, fostering peace and respect among cultures.

Tourism in the Philippines started during the Marcos regime with the Ministry of Tourism.

The Marcos regime experienced the height of the tourism industry due to natural resources.

A decline in tourism occurred during the Marcos regime's martial law declaration.

After Marcos, the Aquino regime introduced programs to improve tourism but did not reach previous heights.

Tourism is a multi-dimensional phenomenon involving phenomena and relationships.

Different societies have provided various definitions of tourism.

Burkhardt and Medley identified five characteristics of tourism, including complexity and the journey.

Tourism involves temporary or short-term movement, differentiating it from migration.

Recreational activities are a key component of tourism experiences.

Economic contribution of tourism is significant, providing jobs and government tax revenue.

Tourism involves two parties: visitors and host people or countries.

The League of Nations in 1937 defined a tourist and an excursionist based on the duration of stay.

Travel involves five elements: distance, length of stay, residence, purpose, and other reasons for travel.

Transcripts

[Music]

[Music]

[Music]

hello class and welcome to our lesson

one

of macro perspective in tourism and

hospitality

which is entitled the meaning and

importance

including the history of tourism so

macro perspective actually deals with a

general overview

of what we call tourism industry which

is very encompassing

later on in this video you will be

guided

in terms of why is it cold as

encompassing

so the tourism industry is considered to

be the most

consistent and fastest growing industry

and because of that

there are some listed advantages about

the

tourism perspective the very first one

is job creation

job creation in the sense that it

provides opportunity

to people who are willing to work in the

tourism

and hospitality industry because of

the many tourists who are trying to

explore a nation we are catering it to

them

wherein we will be providing

establishment that they can use

and these establishments would mean and

need different and diverse types of

people who will be employed

because of this it can contribute to the

next

advantage which is economic

diversification

through jobs through opportunities given

by

the tourism industry to all the people

it could create job

and this job would mean money

not only to this establishment but also

the people itself

another one is foreign exchange because

of tourists which are considered to be

international tourists

these international tourists go to a

specific country

in order for them to enjoy and to

explore

what is in that specific country and for

that

to be possible they need to

spend their resources that is why um

there is that what we call contribution

to the foreign exchange

other than this monetary contribution or

economic contribution

we can also consider other aspects

aspects like it promotes understanding

and trust

among people of different culture in the

sense that

we are having this exchange

or interaction or mingling or what we

call

um taking a look

at the different culture the beliefs the

people itself

and of course the ways and means and the

customs of these people

from this we can promote cultural

understanding and in promotion

of the cultural understanding that we

are talking about

it will actually help one

person to embrace the culture of other

people

if cultural understanding is there

then it promotes peace and of course

respect to the culture of other

countries

actually tourism is also considered to

be the first

peace industry tourism actually started

in the philippines during the marcus

regime

and during the marcus regime is what it

was not yet called as

department of tourism but it started

with the name

ministry of tourism this ministry of

terrorism

was headed by an ilocano

who is named jose di aspiras

who is healing from ago so this is

something to be proud of

the height of the tourism industry was

experienced during the marcus regime

because of the very beautiful natural

resources that we cater and offered

to our tourists but then

the downfall also occurred during the

marcos regime

which happens to be during the

declaration of the martial law

so this tourism industry

experienced its fall down and

establishments would suffer

because of this incident so after the

marcus regin

it was taken over by the aquino regime

specifically

the president cory aquino came up with

programs

with regards to improving tourism in the

country

during that time but then considering

the trend line

we cannot still meet the height of

tourism

during the time of marcos but

what we consider here is it is still

consistently growing the only difference

is

the height of the aquino administration

is not as high during the marcus regime

that is why we are going through

it until today and until today it has

not yet met

what has been met by the marcus

administration

before

so tourism is considered to be

multi-dimensional phenomena when you

talk about

it is considered to be as a

multi-dimensional phenomena it considers

phenomena and relationships there are

things

that are happening in the tourism

industry at the same time there are

relationships which are being developed

because people tend to interact to

mingle

at the same time to connect with other

people so the definitions of tourism

were given by different people from

different communities

the first one is according to professors

and secretary

from the byrne university of switzerland

they have said

that tourism the sound of the phenomena

and relationships

arising from travel and state of an

unresident

insofar as they do not lead to permanent

precedence

and are not connected to any only

activity

and this is the definition given by the

tourism society

in cardiff this is the short term and

temporary movement of people

to destinations outside places where

they normally live

and work and their activities during

their stay

in the destination and lastly it was

given

by the tourism society in curtis where

it may be defined

in terms of a particular activities

selected by choice

and undertaken outside the home

environment

[Music]

the three definitions given by different

people of the different societies

specifically

professors hansi current craft from the

byrne university of switzerland

from tourism society in britain and from

the tourism society in cardiff

boiled down into five different

characteristics of tourism

and this was given by burkhardt and

medley the first one

of the five characteristics is because

of its complexity tourism is combination

of phenomena and relationships

phenomena is considered to be the events

or what happens

in the tourism trend line other than

that

when we talk about relationships these

are the connectivities

that develops in the tourism itself

like for example the relationship the

mingling

the interaction of people specifically

the host country

to the tourists or vice versa the

tourist to the host country

secondly the journey

are considered to be the

dynamic element because it's moving

wherein it pertains

to the movement of a specific tourist

from one destination to an end

destination

while the static element could be

considered as their state

and when we talk about their stay it

pertains to the accommodation

the recreational activities wherein they

can spend their leisure time

in a specific tourist destination the

third one is

it is done outside the place where they

live

or where they work therefore it is only

for recreational activities

they enjoy the leisure time in a

specific place wherein it is far from

where they live at the same time

far from the work the fourth

characteristic

is what we call the movement is

temporary or short-term

and that differentiates to what we call

migration

because when we talk about migration is

permanently moving

while for tourism it is temporary

therefore

there is a plan to go back after the

tourist experience while the last one

is what we call the activities

done and these activities are considered

to be these recreational activities

that they do in a specific destination

like for example

um surfing grape picking

picture taking sightseeing

cultural encounter and so on and so

forth

so those are the five characteristics

stated by burkard and medlin

so to sum it up when we talk about

tourism it is not

just the usual that we see where indeeds

are places

people of different culture but we are

looking at

its economic contribution and when we

talk about tourism

this is very significant because of its

obvious

economic contribution to the economy

not only to the government itself but

for the people because it provides job

at the same time

and of course the taxes paid by the

establishment to the government

would help the government push through

with tourism at the same time

and of course its obvious contribution

about

peace where in tourism is considered to

be the first

peace industry at the same time

in tourism it is participated by two

parties and these two parties would be

considered as

the visitors at the same time the host

people or the host country

the visitors are considered to be

tourists

and at the same time they are also

considered to be as

the excursionist according to the league

of nations in 1937

a tourist is a person who visits a

country other than which

he is earning money or at the same time

his space for at least

24 hours while in comparison an

excursionist

space at less than 24 hours and that is

according

to the united conference on

international travel and tourism

in the year 1963 which is situated in

rome

in relation to the word tourism it

involves traveling and under traveling

there are considered to be five elements

the very first element is considered to

be the distance and when we talk about

the distance

this is the measure that has been used

to distinguish travel away from

home in its distance traveled on a trip

so to differentiate we call it as a trip

if it is

at least 100 miles away from home

but it is traveling if it is

more than 100 miles away from home

secondly is the length of state

and this differentiate it again from an

excursionist and a tourist wherein when

we talk about

a tourist it stays at least 24 hours

online for an excursion is it stays less

than 24 hours

examples will be given in the video

conferences next

is the residence the residence should be

the origin

wherein it is the place where the

tourists live

and it is considered to be an element

because

it is our point of destination going to

the end

destination the fourth one is the

purpose of travel

and the purpose of travel is considering

the reasons

why people travel maybe visiting friends

and relatives

may be because of conventions because of

meetings or because of conferences

entertainment purposes like watching a

movie

or watching a concert or a cultural show

or may be business purposes but do not

involve money therefore we only talk

about

launching of businesses and at the same

time meetings conventions done in abroad

another one is outdoor recreational

activities like

fishing fly boarding can do as well

surfing and whatever activities

that we could do as tourists may it be

an allocentric activity a mid-century

activity

or a psychocentric activity which will

be discussed

in chapter 3 of this subject

others are personal uh reasons

like attending weddings attending

funerals and so on and so forth

and the fifth one are considered to be

the other

reasons why we consider travel

so that ends the first part of lesson

one stay tuned for the next video

and thank you for listening