The Secret Plan Behind Artificial Intelligence
Summary
TLDRCe script explore les implications de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) sur l'économie et la société, en se concentrant sur la lutte pour le contrôle de cette technologie par quelques milliardaires. Il aborde la transformation des secteurs tels que la santé, les médias et le transport, ainsi que les problèmes éthiques et économiques soulevés par l'IA. Le script questionne les promesses d'une révolution technologique et met en lumière les défis de régulation et d'équité face à l'avènement d'une ère post-humaine.
Takeaways
- 🚀 Elon Musk est en conflit avec OpenAI pour des raisons de contrat, s'opposant à la mise de profit avant le bien-être de l'humanité.
- 🌐 L'IA est sur le point de révolutionner de nombreux secteurs, y compris la biologie numérique, la généomique, les transports et le commerce de détail.
- 💡 L'essor de l'IA est inévitable et entraînera des changements radicaux dans notre vie quotidienne.
- 💰 Une lutte pour le contrôle de l'IA est en cours entre quelques milliardaires, avec NVIDIA, Microsoft et OpenAI en tête.
- 🤖 L'IA est déjà utilisée pour remplacer des emplois humains, comme les infirmières, et pour réduire les coûts dans les médias et d'autres secteurs.
- 🧩 Sam Altman, PDG d'OpenAI, est un personnage clé dans la bataille des milliardaires pour l'avenir de l'IA.
- 🛠️ Altman a été influencé par YCombinator, où il a investi dans des entreprises telles que Reddit, Airbnb et Stripe.
- 🏆 L'approche de Silicon Valley actuelle ne soutient plus la concurrence du marché libre, mais plutôt l'expansion rapide avec du capital abondant.
- 🔒 OpenAI, initialement conçu comme une entité non lucrative, a évolué vers un modèle mixte de profit, ce qui a changé sa nature et ses objectifs originaux.
- 🤝 L'IA pourrait réduire les coûts du travail et permettre un revenu de base universel, mais cette hypothèse soulève des questions sur la répartition équitable de la richesse.
- ⚠️ Il y a un risque que l'IA soit utilisée pour renforcer les monopoles et les profits des grandes entreprises, au détriment des travailleurs et de la société en général.
- 🌟 L'auteur suggère que pour bénéficier des avancées de l'IA, il est nécessaire de s'assurer que les changements technologiques profitent également aux travailleurs et de réclamer une réduction de la semaine de travail.
Q & A
Pourquoi Elon Musk a-t-il intenté un procès à OpenAI ?
-Elon Musk a intenté un procès à OpenAI pour violation de contrat, alléguant que la société a mis le profit avant le bénéfice de l'humanité.
Quel est le rôle de Sam Altman dans l'industrie technologique ?
-Sam Altman est le PDG d'OpenAI et a été le président de YCombinator de 2014 à 2019, où il a investi dans de grandes entreprises telles que Reddit, Airbnb, Coinbase, Dropbox, Stripe, Twitch, DoorDash et Instacart.
Quel est le concept de 'petite marché' mentionné par Peter Thiel et comment cela s'applique-t-il aux entreprises technologiques ?
-Le concept de 'petite marché' par Peter Thiel suggère de trouver un marché restreint où vous pouvez obtenir un monopole avant d'expansion rapide vers un marché plus large. Cela s'applique aux entreprises technologiques en permettant de créer une position dominante avant de s'étendre à d'autres segments du marché.
Quels sont les problèmes associés à la concentration de pouvoir dans les mains de quelques grandes entreprises technologiques ?
-La concentration de pouvoir dans les mains de quelques grandes entreprises peut entraîner une réduction de la concurrence, une augmentation des prix, et l'élimination de modèles d'affaires alternatifs, ce qui peut nuire aux consommateurs et aux petites entreprises.
Comment OpenAI a-t-il changé depuis sa création initiale ?
-OpenAI a initialement été créé comme une organisation à but non lucratif axée sur la sécurité de l'aviation, mais il s'est transformé en une entité à but mixte, appelée 'mixed profit', pour financer ses activités et atteindre ses objectifs.
Quelle est la position de Sam Altman sur l'avenir économique avec l'intelligence artificielle ?
-Sam Altman soutient que l'IA pourrait conduire à une baisse des coûts du travail, ce qui rendrait tout plus abordable et compenserait les emplois perdus par une allocation universelle provenant des impôts sur les sociétés et les biens.
Quels sont les risques potentiels associés à l'utilisation croissante de l'IA dans le secteur de la santé ?
-Les risques potentiels incluent la réduction des soins médicaux humains, la possible augmentation des erreurs médicales dues à l'IA, et l'exploitation de l'IA pour réduire les coûts au détriment de la qualité des soins.
Comment l'IA est-elle utilisée pour influencer le marché du travail ?
-L'IA est utilisée pour automatiser des tâches, ce qui peut conduire à la suppression d'emplois humains. Elle est également utilisée dans les entretiens d'embauche, ce qui peut exclure les candidats de manière injuste.
Quelle est la position de Tim O'Reilly sur la réglementation de l'IA ?
-Tim O'Reilly suggère que la réglementation devrait se concentrer sur les décisions prises par les hommes derrière le rideau, c'est-à-dire les dirigeants des entreprises technologiques, plutôt que sur l'IA en tant que telle.
Quels sont les arguments de Sam Altman pour que l'IA soit utilisée au bénéfice de l'humanité ?
-Sam Altman croit que l'IA peut améliorer la productivité, l'efficacité et les marges, en permettant aux gens d'avoir de meilleures idées et d'être plus productifs, ce qui profiterait à l'ensemble de l'humanité.
Quelle est la vision de l'avenir de l'IA décrite dans le script ?
-La vision de l'avenir de l'IA décrite dans le script est à la fois prometteuse et inquiétante, montrant l'IA comme une révolution technologique qui changera tout, mais aussi comme un outil de pouvoir centralisé entre les mains de quelques grandes entreprises.
Outlines
🚀 L'avenir de l'IA et la bataille des milliardaires
Le premier paragraphe aborde l'idée surprenante que Elon Musk a raison sur un point lié à l'IA, et son conflit avec OpenAI. Il décrit l'importance de l'IA comme une révolution technologique majeure, et la confusion suscitée par la position de Musk contre les profits au détriment de l'humanité. Le texte mentionne également la montée en puissance d'OpenAI et d'autres entreprises, ainsi que la préoccupation croissante quant à la concentration de pouvoir entre quelques individus riches qui cherchent à contrôler l'IA. La conclusion du paragraphe soulève des questions sur l'avenir de l'IA et le rôle des non-milliardaires dans cette évolution.
🤖 L'évolution d'OpenAI et les implications économiques
Le deuxième paragraphe explore les origines d'OpenAI en tant qu'organisation à but non lucratif visant à promouvoir l'IA au bénéfice de l'humanité. Il décrit comment l'organisation a évolué vers un modèle mixte de profit, malgré ses aspirations initiales. Le texte examine les promesses et les dangers potentiels de l'IA, ainsi que les implications économiques et sociales d'une économie modifiée par l'IA, y compris l'idée d'une réduction des coûts du travail et l'introduction d'une allocation universelle de base. Le paragraphe se termine par une critique de la transformation d'OpenAI en une entreprise fermée et de son manque de transparence.
🛠️ Le contrôle de l'IA et la protection des travailleurs
Le troisième paragraphe se concentre sur les implications de la concentration de pouvoir dans l'industrie de l'IA et la nécessité de protéger les travailleurs face à l'adoption croissante de l'IA. Il discute de la manière dont les grandes entreprises d'IA, comme OpenAI, sont financées et dirigées par des investisseurs à grande échelle, ce qui peut entraîner des marchés défectueux et une absence de concurrence saine. Le texte souligne également les tentatives de Musk de contrôler l'IA et la nécessité pour les travailleurs de s'unir pour protéger leurs intérêts, en citant des exemples historiques de grèves et de mouvements syndicaux pour améliorer les conditions de travail et de vie.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Intelligence Artificielle (IA)
💡Révolution Technologique
💡Brevet d'Innovation (OpenAI)
💡Monopôle
💡Capitalisme
💡Revenu de Base Universel (RBU)
💡Marché Libre
💡Y Combinator (YC)
💡Conflit d'Intérêts
💡Régulation
💡Travail Partagé
Highlights
Elon Musk is suing OpenAI for breach of contract by prioritizing profit over benefiting humanity.
The rise of AI is seen as inevitable and will revolutionize various fields, including digital biology, genomics, transportation, and retail.
AI's impact is compared to the scale of the agricultural, industrial, and computer revolutions.
There is a brewing war among billionaires for control of AI, with companies like NVIDIA and Microsoft significantly valuing their AI work.
AI's potential is discussed in the context of replacing human jobs, such as nurses, and its implications on the job market.
Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, is portrayed as a key player in the billionaire battle for the future of AI.
Altman's background includes running YCombinator and investing in major tech companies like Reddit and Airbnb.
The transcript discusses the shift in Silicon Valley from supporting free market competition to favoring heavily capitalized companies.
OpenAI was initially a nonprofit focused on air safety research but has since transitioned to a 'mixed profit' model.
Altman's vision for AI includes driving down labor costs and implementing a universal basic income funded by corporate and property tax rates.
The narrative of AI's potential dangers is contrasted with the profit-driven actions of those building it.
The transcript questions the true openness of OpenAI, as their enterprise software is not freely available and includes defense contracts.
Elon Musk's criticism of OpenAI's closed-source approach and his own for-profit AI ambitions are highlighted.
The potential negative impacts of AI, such as job displacement and the creation of low-quality content, are discussed.
Altman's approach to AI regulation and the need for 'more good guys than bad guys' in the development of AI is mentioned.
The transcript calls for collective action to ensure that AI benefits all of humanity, not just the top profiteers.
A historical parallel is drawn between the formation of labor unions in response to the dangers of early electricity and the potential need for similar action with AI.
The potential for a shorter workweek as a benefit of AI's increased productivity is suggested.
Transcripts
I want to say something that
you would never expect to hear from More Perfect Union.
Elon Musk is right about something.
Elon Musk is suing the maker of ChatGPT... ...suing OpenAI... suing OpenAI
for breach of contract... by putting profit ahead of benefiting humanity.
Elon's lawsuit against OpenAI,
the most recognized developer of artificial intelligence was big news.
But when I heard it, I was a bit confused.
When has Elon ever been against profit?
So I dug in.
I read and I watched far too much of these guys talking about AI.
I think that AI will be a technological revolution
on the scale of the agricultural, the industrial, the computer revolution.
AI is about to revolutionize digital biology and genomics
and transportation and retail. Artificial intelligence...
this is... it is a renaissance.
This is a world changing set of advances.
By the time these lawsuits are decided, we'll have Digital God.
Digital God.
I noticed three things: that the rise of AI is inevitable, that it will change
everything about our lives and that there is a war brewing
between a handful of billionaires to seize control of it.
NVIDIA became one of the most valuable stocks
of all time, producing chips for AI
Microsoft reached an over $3 trillion valuation based on its AI work,
and OpenAI tripled in value in just ten months.
But where do we-
You and I and everyone other than the dozen
or so billionaires duking it out for control fit in?
We're already seeing plans to replace human nurses
with AI, media magnates killing jobs to focus on cost cutting with AI,
AI written drivel filling the internet, and AI that does karaoke for you.
Well, let's look at the possible AI future through the rise of Sam Altman,
CEO of OpenAI, and just one contender in the billionaire battle for the future.
Sam Altman is the ruler of Silicon Valley startups.
And that's not me saying that he thinks that.
I think the president of YC
is sort of the unofficial leader of the startup movement.
YC Is YCombinator a significant venture capital firm and tech incubator
that Altman ran from 2014 to 2019.
He originally connected with YC in 2008
when the firm funded his app Loopd
when he was 19 years old and wore two popped collars,
It was a common Silicon Valley story.
They raised a ton of money gathering a bunch of data and got in trouble
for texting everyone on your phone when you downloaded the app.
Altman sold the company and it all but disappeared.
Altman landed at YCombinator, where he rose to president in two years.
Under his leadership, YCombinator invested in massive companies
most people have heard of like Reddit, Airbnb, Coinbase,
Dropbox, Stripe, Twitch, DoorDash and Instacart.
In a lecture to Stanford computer science students on startups, Altman quoted
Peter Thiel's advice: as Peter Thiel is going to discuss the fifth class.
You want an idea that turns into a monopoly,
but you can't get a monopoly in a big market right away.
You have to find a small market
in which you can get a monopoly and then quickly expand.
Quick expansion is an inherent part of the way venture capital funded
tech runs today.
This is Tim O'Reilly.
He's been in tech forever.
And if you know phrases like 'open source'
or 'Web 2.0', it's because he popularized them.
One of the big problems with today's Silicon Valley is that it
no longer really supports free market competition.
Early days of VC you were really talking about funding
insurgent companies that had an experimental idea.
Most companies didn't actually raise massive amounts of capital,
But at some point that changed.
But then you fast forward to 2010 in the wake of the
of the super low interest rates is all this cheap capital
and companies are just buying market share.
And I call this the Uber problem.
Yeah we didn't see real competition with different business models,
different pricing.
We see heavily capitalized companies driving everybody else
out of business. By growing rapidly with a bunch of capital.
Uber created an ecosystem where if you want a cab, you need to use Uber.
The old system of car services was pretty much pushed out of existence.
Uber is not an Altman company, but DoorDash, Airbnb
and other companies that used similar strategies totally are.
In 2015, we got our first hint of OpenAI.
I actually just agreed to fund a company that is not even really a company,
sort of a semi-company.
semi-nonprofit doing air safety research, OpenAI is announced as not a company,
but a nonprofit focused on air safety,
funded and supported by Y Combinator.
Elon Musk, Reid Hoffman-the LinkedIn guy,
Peter Thiel, Amazon and Infosys, basically a who's
who of the people who built the broken tech infrastructure of today.
The stated goal of OpenAI was to advance digital intelligence
in the way that is most likely to benefit
humanity as a whole with no shareholders to be beholden to.
We wanted to build this with humanity's best interest at heart.
That doesn't sound too bad, right?
A groundbreaking new technology, its power available
to all without any responsibility to shareholders.
But let's dig a little deeper.
They say they want to make the world better and do it safely.
But what does that mean to them?
Most of what Altman talks about in regards to what OpenAI products can do
seems to center on productivity, efficiency and margins,
boosting our ability to have amazing ideas for our children
to like teach themselves more than ever before for people to be more productive.
How does that make life better for the rest of us?
Well, Altman claims to have the answer in is essay,
say Moore's Law for everything he explains.
It would require simply changing the entire economic system.
Altman claims A.I.
would drive down labor costs so everything would get cheaper,
and the lost jobs would be offset by a universal basic income
coming from corporate and property tax rates with no other taxes.
Which sounds great.
Maybe, but how true is that? When corporations
see falling labor costs and reduce prices, or just keep the profits for themselves?
Would a flat tax and UBI mean more money for working people or more tax
cheating by the rich in social service cuts for everyone else?
And there was a running theme through all of what Altman says:
the inevitability and the danger of artificial intelligence.
Listen to this clip.
You know,
I think AI will probably like most likely sort of lead to the end of the world.
People like Altman benefit from the narrative that AI is this big,
scary thing, even as they're the ones trying to build and profit from it.
Here's Tim O'Reilly again.
It feels a little bit like a kind of misdirection.
They're basically calling for a kind of regulation of an extreme right to avoid
the regulation of the many proximate harms we can see today.
If they were really afraid of it, they would stop doing their research.
Instead, they're racing to accelerate it so they get a monopoly.
It's a lot like the famous line from The Wizard of Oz.
Pay no attention to the man behind the curtain.
And a lot of where I spent my time in talking about regulation is this.
There is a man behind the curtain or a series of men
who are making decisions for their business advantage.
And those are the things that we need to be regulating.
Why are they moving fast to break things?
I mean, in the Altman clip from before where he says the world ending thing,
he literally says this right after you know, I think AI will
probably like most likely sort of lead to the end of the world.
But in the meantime,
there will be great companies created with serious machine learning. Companies-
See, it's right back to profit.
But hold on.
Isn't opening AI a nonprofit? Not anymore.
Just three years after the founding of Open A.I.,
they transition to something they're calling mixed profit.
To do what we needed to go do.
We had tried and failed enough to raise the money as a nonprofit.
We didn't see a path forward there.
So we needed some of the benefits of capitalism, but not too much.
And the new Board of OpenAI is rife with the profiteers
who've been extracting value from working people for decades.
They're also not open.
None of this stuff is just simply available. An old version of ChatGPT.
is free and kind of fun sometimes,
but OpenAI's real product is enterprise software, doing partnerships with other
giant tech companies and loads of stuff we don't even know about.
Defense contracts included.
OpenAI has a product to sell, a product they see as having inevitable
near universal proliferation, which is a pretty damn good business plan.
But it's dangerous for the rest of us.
Tim O'Reilly said about the Uber problem.
Here's how it applies to AI: all of the smaller
AI firms are already starting to fall
because there are a couple in in the far of OpenAI and Anthropic
that are incredibly heavily funded, that have tens of billions of dollars
of capital.
And we don't know that they're the best companies.
We just know that they're the ones that big investors picked up early.
And so we have a defective kind of a market
where if you really believe in the wisdom of millions of people
making independent decisions based on optimal information
to kind of work this free magic market, we don't have that.
And we have a central committee of deep pocketed investors.
It all illuminates Elon's lawsuit against OpenAI
when he and Altman had once been such good friends.
I'm looking for any video game play. Can you give me a recommendation?
Overwatch for overwatch?
Yeah. That's great. Um,
I named it OpenAI after open source.
It is, in fact, closed source.
It should be renamed.
Super Closed Source for Maximum Profit AI
But he has his own for sale for profit AI
that he wants to be predominant.
He made it open source in a seemingly empty gesture.
But meanwhile, Nvidia, Microsoft and Google all want to take control
of the tech that will change our future and destroy our jobs.
It doesn't matter that these guys say they're doing it for good.
It matters what they are actually doing.
Look at the dawn of the internet itself or web 2.0
that's social media and user generated content.
All of that seems great.
And yeah, the modern Internet has obviously had a lot of clear benefits,
but it was also pretty quickly ruined by giant corporations and profit motive.
We're already starting to see effects of the power grab.
Nvidia, the main producer of the chips used for the AI, is partnering
with a company that wants to replace nurses with an AI that costs $9 an hour.
Look at anything from the history of the American medicine industry.
Will a new low cost tool actually helped patients or just pad investor pockets?
Companies are using AI to do job interviews and it's shutting out
applicants unfairly and on a simply annoying level.
They were spitting out content
that's making the Internet even more unusable than it already was.
AI generated LinkedIn comments.
Why don't you just not post anything if you don't have anything to say?
So what are we going to do about this?
Well, let's turn to Sam Altman for advice.
He has what he calls the more good guys than bad guys approach.
He wrote in that Moore's Law essay, "There are bad humans,
but all humans are within a magnitude are as powerful as one another
and the good humans and together to stop the bad humans.
It's been that way through all of history so far."
What if the bad humans are actually the people building the system,
being built entirely on past profits
and monopoly, advancing as quickly as possible.
Then we need more good guys.
And we've got up there like 12 people.
What if we all stand up and say no?
When electricity was first becoming widespread, it was still dangerous
for the low paid workers who were setting up the systems.
But those workers stood together and formed the International Brotherhood
of Electrical Workers-
That's the electrician's union- to demand safer jobs and better wages.
It worked.
And it didn't hamper progress.
We clearly have electricity today, right?
That same concept
applies to AI: remember the writers strike?
The Screenwriters Guild stood up and said no to taking their jobs.
Senator Bernie Sanders just introduced legislation for a shorter workweek.
Do we continue the trend?
The technology only benefits the people on top.
Or do we demand that these transformational changes benefit
working people?
And one of the benefits must be a lower workweek.
If A.I.
is going to make workers more productive and labor cheaper,
workers should be able to take advantage of it. A.I.
cannot exist without being trained on all that humanity has done before.
That's literally how
the way most people interact with A.I.
was built by reading a bunch of stuff online
and then synthesizing it so it can talk.
If all of this is built on the labor of all of humanity,
then it should be all of humanity that benefits.
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