ALL CONDITIONALS | 0,1,2,3 and MIXED CONDITIONALS - English Grammar | if....

Summary

In this educational video, Arnel dissects the complexities of English conditionals, guiding viewers through the four types—Zero, First, Second, and Third—along with mixed conditionals. He explains each using clear examples, distinguishing between real and hypothetical situations. The Zero Conditional is for unchanging truths, First for possible future outcomes, Second for unreal scenarios, and Third for past impossibilities. Mixed conditionals blend past hypothetical conditions with present or future results. Arnel's approach makes these grammar concepts accessible, encouraging learners to practice by leaving examples in the comments.

Takeaways

• 😀 English has four types of conditionals (0, 1, 2, 3) and mixed conditionals, each with an 'if' clause and a main clause.
• 🔍 The zero conditional uses 'if' plus present simple to express real, unchanging conditions and results.
• 🌳 The zero conditional is exemplified by natural laws and obvious outcomes, like 'If the wind blows, the trees move'.
• 📝 In writing, a comma is used after the 'if' clause if it comes first; if the main clause comes first, no comma is needed.
• 🕒 The first conditional uses 'if' plus present simple followed by 'will' plus infinitive for possible future conditions and results.
• 🚀 The second conditional is hypothetical, using 'if' plus past simple and 'would' plus infinitive for unreal situations.
• 🎶 The second conditional is often found in songs, reflecting dreams and desires, such as 'If I won the lottery, I would buy a mansion'.
• 🏆 The third conditional is about past unreal conditions and their results, using 'if' plus past perfect and 'would have' plus past participle.
• 🤔 Mixed conditionals combine elements of the second and third, for hypothetical past conditions with present results or vice versa.
• 🔄 Clause order can be switched in conditional sentences without changing the meaning, allowing for variation in speech and writing.
• 📚 The lesson aims to make learners feel more confident with conditionals by understanding their structures and appropriate usage.

Q & A

What are the four types of conditionals discussed in the video?

The four types of conditionals discussed are the zero, first, second, and third conditionals, plus mixed conditionals.

What is the structure of the zero conditional and when is it used?

The zero conditional uses the structure 'If + present simple, present simple' and is used to express real conditions and results that are always the same, regardless of time.

How does the structure of the first conditional differ from the zero conditional?

The first conditional uses the structure 'If + present simple, will + infinitive' or other modal verbs that give a future sense, and it's used for possible future conditions and their results.

What is the purpose of using 'unless' as an alternative to 'if not' in conditionals?

'Unless' is used as an alternative to 'if not' to express a negative condition more concisely, meaning 'if not' implies the absence of a condition leading to a certain result.

What is the structure of the second conditional and what does it express?

The second conditional uses the structure 'If + past simple, would + infinitive' and is used to talk about imaginary, unreal, or hypothetical situations in the present or future.

How is the third conditional different from the second conditional?

The third conditional uses the structure 'If + past perfect, would have + past participle' and is used to discuss unreal or impossible situations in the past and their results.

What is the mixed conditional and how is it formed?

The mixed conditional combines elements of the second and third conditionals, used to talk about hypothetical past conditions with present results or hypothetical present conditions with past results.

What is the role of 'were' in the second conditional?

In the second conditional, 'were' is often used with any subject to create a more formal or hypothetical tone, although 'was' can also be used in some cases.

Can imperatives be used in conditionals and how does the structure change?

Yes, imperatives can be used in conditionals, especially in the zero conditional, with the structure 'If + present simple, imperative', using 'when' instead of 'if' to indicate expectation.

How does the use of 'gonna' in spoken English relate to the first conditional?

'Gonna' is an informal contraction of 'going to', which is used in the first conditional to express future intentions or plans in a more casual spoken context.

What is the significance of the second conditional in songs and why is it used there?

The second conditional is significant in songs because it allows songwriters to express dreams, desires, and hypothetical scenarios, which are common themes in music.