grid connected pv system | Step by step implementation of 3 MW Grid-connected Solar PV System

Summary

This video tutorial offers a detailed guide on implementing a 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system. The presenter explains the setup, including PV array configuration, use of a boost converter with RLC series branch, and a double-stage conversion process. The video also covers the MPPT algorithm for maximum power extraction, inverter design using a universal bridge, and control logic for voltage and current. The simulation and testing of the system are demonstrated, showing how it handles varying irradiation levels and ensures efficient power transfer to the grid.

Takeaways

• 🌟 The video is a tutorial on implementing a 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system.
• 🔍 The presenter uses a specific solar PV model with 213.15 W panels and discusses their arrangement in series and parallel strings.
• 🔌 The system configuration involves 11 panels in series and 1300 parallel strings to achieve the maximum power point tracking.
• 🚀 The video demonstrates the use of a boost converter with a double-stage conversion process for efficient energy extraction.
• 🔄 The MBBT (Matlab-based Boost Converter Technique) algorithm is utilized for controlling the boost converter to extract the maximum power from the PV panels.
• 💡 The design includes components such as RLC series branches, inductors, IGBT switches, diodes, and output capacitors for the converter.
• 🔋 The video explains the process of designing the right capacitance and inductance values for the boost converter.
• ⚙️ A universal bridge inverter is used in the system, with details on its configuration and connection.
• 📊 The presenter discusses the importance of measuring PV data, including voltage, current, and power, and how to calculate them.
• 🔄 The control logic for the inverter includes voltage and current control, with a focus on maintaining a DC link voltage of around 600 volts.
• 🌡️ The system accounts for environmental factors such as irradiation and temperature, which are essential for the performance of the solar PV system.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the video?

The purpose of the video is to provide a step-by-step guide on implementing a 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system.

What is the power rating of the solar PV model used in the video?

The solar PV model used in the video has a power rating of 213.15 Watts.

How many panels are considered in series and parallel for the system?

The system considers 11 panels in series and 1300 panels in parallel.

What is the maximum power point voltage of the system?

The maximum power point voltage of the system is around 319 volts.

What is the maximum power output of the system?

The maximum power output of the system is 3.04 megawatts.

What type of converter is used in the system for power optimization?

A double-stage boost converter is used in the system for power optimization.

What is the role of the MPPT algorithm in the system?

The MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm is used to control the boost converter to extract the maximum power from the PV panels.

What is the switching frequency used for the inverter in the system?

The switching frequency used for the inverter in the system is around 10 kHz (10 kilohertz).

How is the grid voltage and current measured in the system?

The grid voltage and current are measured using a three-phase source with specific terminals configured for the measurement.

What is the role of the PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) in the system?

The PLL is used to process the grid voltage and synchronize it with a 50 Hz frequency, which is essential for converting the grid current from ABC to DQ form.

How is the control logic for the inverter designed?

The control logic for the inverter includes voltage control and current control using a PID controller, with the objective of maintaining a DC link voltage around 600 volts and providing a direct access current reference for control.

What is the significance of the scope measurements in the simulation?

The scope measurements are significant for monitoring the DC link voltage, control voltage from the inverter control logic, and the output from the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) generator, ensuring the system operates as expected.

How does changing the irradiation affect the system's performance?

Changing the irradiation affects the system's performance by altering the power generated by the PV panels and consequently the power sent to the grid. For example, reducing the irradiation to 500 results in a power output closer to 1.5 megawatts.

Outlines

00:00

🌞 Introduction to 3-Megawatt Solar PV System Implementation

The video script introduces a tutorial on implementing a 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system. The presenter encourages viewers to subscribe and enable notifications for future content. The script details the process of setting up the PV array using a specific solar PV model with 213.15 W panels, arranged in series and parallel to achieve the desired voltage and power output. It also mentions the use of a boost converter with RLC components and an IGBT switch for maximum power extraction, controlled by an MPPT algorithm.

05:04

🔌 Designing the Boost Converter and MPPT Control

This paragraph delves into the technical aspects of designing a boost converter for the solar PV system. It discusses the use of irradiation and temperature constants, the selection of components like inductors and capacitors, and the implementation of an MPPT algorithm to control the converter. The script outlines the process of coding the MPPT using MATLAB functions and emphasizes the importance of measuring and adjusting duty cycles for optimal power extraction.

10:08

🛠️ Inverter Section and Grid Integration Setup

The script moves on to the inverter section, detailing the configuration of a universal bridge and the use of IGBT diodes. It explains the process of measuring post-inverter voltage and incorporating an inductive filter. The paragraph also covers the simulation of an LVL design, the use of control logic for voltage and current regulation, and the implementation of a DJ control method for direct access current reference. It concludes with the setup for measuring grid-side voltage and current.

15:09

🔄 Control Logic and System Simulation

This section focuses on the control logic necessary for maintaining DC link voltage and converting the extracted power into a suitable form for grid integration. It describes the use of a PID controller, a PLL for frequency synchronization, and the transformation of grid current measurements into a per-unit system. The script outlines the process of simulating the system, adjusting parameters, and ensuring that the model is configured correctly for accurate results.

20:10

📊 System Performance Evaluation and Conclusion

The final paragraph wraps up the video script by discussing the evaluation of the solar PV system's performance. It explains the process of measuring and analyzing PV power, DC link voltage, inverter voltage and current, and the power sent to the grid. The presenter demonstrates how changes in irradiation affect the system's power output and emphasizes the importance of monitoring system components. The video concludes with a reminder for viewers to subscribe and stay updated on future content.

Keywords

💡3-Megawatt Grid-Connected Solar PV System

This term refers to a solar photovoltaic (PV) system with a capacity of 3 megawatts, designed to feed power directly into the electrical grid. The video's theme revolves around the step-by-step implementation of such a system. The script mentions the system's design, including the PV array configuration and the electrical components required for its operation, to achieve a maximum power output of 3.04 megawatts.

💡PV Array

A PV array is a collection of solar panels arranged to collect and convert sunlight into electricity. In the context of the video, the PV array is configured with 11 panels in series and 1300 parallel strings, which is crucial for achieving the desired power output. The script discusses the selection of the solar PV model and the arrangement of panels to maximize efficiency.

💡Irradiation

Irradiation refers to the amount of solar energy received per unit area. It is a key factor in determining the power output of a solar PV system. The script mentions using a constant for irradiation to simulate the performance of the system under varying sunlight conditions, which is essential for understanding how the system will perform in real-world scenarios.

💡Boost Converter

A boost converter is an electronic device that raises the voltage level from its input to its output. In the video, a double-stage conversion is used, which includes a boost converter to match the PV system's output voltage to the grid requirements. The script describes the components of the boost converter, such as the RLC series branch, inductor, and IGBT switch.

💡MPPT Algorithm

MPPT stands for Maximum Power Point Tracking, which is an algorithm used to maximize the power output from the solar panels by adjusting the operating point to match the maximum power point. The script explains that the MBBT algorithm is used to control the boost converter, ensuring that the system extracts the maximum power from the PV panels under varying conditions.

💡Inverter

An inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) from the solar panels into alternating current (AC) that can be fed into the electrical grid. The video script describes the use of a universal bridge inverter and the design of an inductive filter to manage the AC output, which is a critical component for grid integration.

💡DC Link Voltage

DC link voltage refers to the voltage level maintained between the input and output of a converter, which is crucial for the stable operation of the system. The script discusses the need to control the DC link voltage around 600 volts to ensure the system operates within the desired parameters.

💡PID Controller

A PID controller is a control system used to regulate the output of a process by adjusting the input based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms. In the video, a PID controller is used to manage the current and voltage levels, ensuring that the system operates efficiently and meets the grid requirements.

💡PLL (Phase-Locked Loop)

A Phase-Locked Loop is a control system element that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the input signal phase. In the script, a PLL is used to synchronize the inverter output with the grid frequency, which is essential for stable and reliable grid connection.

💡Sinusoidal PWM Generator

A Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Generator is a device that produces a sinusoidal output signal by modulating the pulse width of a square wave. The script mentions using a sinusoidal PWM generator to create the control signals for the inverter, which helps in producing a clean and stable AC output.

💡Power Measurement

Power measurement involves quantifying the electrical power being produced by the system and fed into the grid. The script describes the use of power measurement blocks to monitor the real power output from both the grid and the inverter, which is crucial for assessing the system's performance and efficiency.

Highlights

Introduction to the step-by-step implementation of a 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system.

Use of a solar PV model with 213.15 W panels and configuration of 11 panels in series and 1300 in parallel.

Calculation of maximum power point at 29 panels, resulting in 3.04 megawatts of power.

Employment of constants for irradiation and temperature inputs in the system modeling.

Utilization of a double-stage conversion with a boost converter for efficient energy transfer.

Inclusion of RLC series branch, inductor, IGBT switch, diode, and output capacitor in the converter design.

Implementation of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm to optimize power extraction.

Use of MATLAB functions for implementing the MPPT and control logic.

Designing of capacitance and inductance for the boost converter based on PV power and switching frequency.

Transition to the inverter section with the use of a universal bridge and IGBT diodes.

Measurement of three-phase voltage and current post-inverter for system analysis.

Design of an inductive filter and grid-side voltage and current measurement for system integration.

PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) implementation for synchronization with the grid frequency.

Conversion of grid current from ABC to DQ form for control purposes.

PID controller usage for accurate voltage and current control in the inverter.

Transformation of control voltage from DQ to ABC form for sinusoidal waveform generation.

Measurement of aggregate grid and inverter voltage, current, and power for system performance evaluation.

Adjustment of irradiation levels to demonstrate system response and power extraction efficiency.

Final model verification and simulation results analysis for the 3-megawatt grid-connected solar PV system.

Transcripts

hi viewers welcome to lms solution

today we are going to see about step by step  implementation of a 3-megawatt grid-connected  

solar PV system, thanks for watching our  videos kindly subscribe to our channel  

and also click the bell icon for  notification about upcoming videos so first

we have to take the PV array

so here I'm going to use the solar pv model that  means 213.15 W and then here I'm going to consider  

11 panel in series and 1300 parallel string  okay that mean for example you can sell 11  

right 11 into this 29 that mean all digit maximum  power point is 29 nitride so that mean is around  

11 class 29 okay that means here  you can see here that voltage

so we have that voltage is around 319  volt right and maximum power is 3.04  

megawatt and also you can see the  current at is around 9 uh it's okay

so this kind of panel we are going to use that  being the one panel in series and then 1300 panel  

earth parlors okay that means that  panel is connected the series string  

is connected and 1300 times okay  so next i'm going to use constant

so the constantly used for providing input  for the irradiation and then temperature so  

this is 1000 so this is 25 so next we need to use  boost converter so i'm going to use double stage  

conversion okay so we need to use boost converter  so for that i'm going to use rlc series branch

and then i'm going to connect this one here and  this one here and this need to be changed to c  

and then we need inductor so here we have inductor  

and then we need a gbt speech so  i'm going to use igbt switch here

and then we need diode so i'm going to use diode

and we need output capacitor so i'm going  to connect this one so we need to measure  

output voltage somebody is voltage measurement

and then i'm going to name it as  i'm going to use go to block boom  

and maybe get the signal to some other  place so i'm going to use this one as pdc

so next i'm going to measure tv

measurements so i'm going to connect go to  block here and then i'm going to change to  

the measurement pvm

so i'm going to take this one so here i'm going  to use p that means mbbt algorithm to control  

the boost converter to extract the maximum  power so here i'm going to use bus selected  

just to go to connect bus  selected here and then select vpv

and then we need to use fcn now  you've seen matlock function in  

matter function to implement the dvpt  so i'm going to use this matlab function  

so i'm going to pick this one  so already we have that uh

people met the gpt port right so once again i  will open that one so this is a code for that  

umvpt just i'm going to  copy this one paste it here

and this is going to be considered as t  reference so this is i'm going to change to mppt  

the input will be the voltage and current of pv  and then initially this is initial duty cycle  

so this is maximum duty cycle this is minimum  duty cycle so this is changing duty cycle  

so this is previous duty cycle

and then just about to change that v to  d right so next you go to change here

just about to change this one

so about this mbpt so already i explained in my  youtube channel so you can refer that video also  

now to get that clear idea about this window mvpt

now you can change this previous instance duty  cycle power and voltage with the current instant  

duty cycle power and voltage so this is a code  for that pnd mppt so i'm going to use directly  

so here you can see that you  have that mbpd detail right

so i'm going to connect this vpv and ipv and  then this would be processed via pedulium  

generator so i'm going to use video  generator and then output will be given here  

so here i'm going to use switching frequency  around around 10 kilograms 10 kilowatts  

okay so next i'm going to measure the pv  data so i'm going to measure pv voltage  

and current and power so i  need 3 input port and 3 layout

so i'm going to measure

this pv current voltage current and power  so power i'm going to take product okay

this one

so next we need to design this right  capacitance and inductor for that  

boost converter so here you can go to  that this is standard code used for

a designing lnc so we need to provide pv  power input voltage switching frequency  

output voltage requirement okay so the  remaining equation is too far calculating  

lnc okay so i'm going to simulate this one so  this is a lens value for that boost converter  

so i'm going to connect change this value  to this and i am going to copy this one  

change the capacitance here

and here also okay

now that uh the first stage is completed between  a dc dc conversion in the double stage conversion  

so next we go for inverter section  right i'm going to use universal bridge

i am going to rotate this one i  am going to change this one to

igbt diode

and change the

terminal to up

change the portion of the terminals

next i'm going to measure the  voltage after inverter 3 phase

measurement

so i'm going to use label here so here i'm going  to control the inverter and this is i inverter

and i'm going to connect this one here  so next i'm going to use inductive filter

and then next i'm going to measure grid side  voltage and current so here i'm going to change

vg ig and then next you need to use three phase

three phase

source and then i'm going to rotate this one i'm  going to change this one is 400 this one is 50.

and then

i'm going to change change the position  of the terminals between abc abc  

yeah okay so next you need to design this one  lvl right so far that we have equation that  

mean l design so here we need to provide  the power of pv dc link voltage ac voltage  

okay and then switching frequency and then  after simulating this one we have that  

inductor okay industrially just you have to  use the same inductor for this three phase

okay so this designing is over so we go to  use control logic so here you have to use  

voltage control and current control so i'm  going to measure that when you need to use  

dc link control dc link voltage control and then  should be compared with the constant so because  

here i need to maintain voltage around 600  here right so here i'm going to maintain 600  

so from pv we have around 319 volt okay  so far that only here we are using that  

voltage control and i'm going to use sum  

and then this is going to be compared  here so i'm going to change this one to

minus plus and then this is going to be process  for your pid controller and this will be provide  

current reference and that means direct  access control because we are going to use  

a dj control method so this is when we provide a  direct access current reference so before that we  

need to use that we need to convert that detail  into pairing it so i'm going to use gain block  

and then here i'm going to connect and divide  with the 600 okay next i'm going to use max

so i'm going to take a dq this is going to act  as a cube right so next i'm going to measure  

vg okay so here i'm going to use from block  and then i'm going to take a vg so by using  

vg that is going to be processed via pll so pll  repeats and then here i need to change to 50 hertz

and then i'm going to take go to to measure  the domain for converting the grid current  

a b c to d d form okay so for that  only we are using that that pln okay  

so i am going to take this one  so next i am going to measure

grid grid current so here i'm going to change  vg to ig and it should be converted into  

current value so i'm going to connect gain  

so here i'm going to use 400 divided by three  zero four eight triple zero voltage dot of big  

power right so this is going to be converted into  per unit right so next we need to convert this one  

to abc to t u naught so i'm going to use a b c to  d naught so this is given to here and then this is  

given to here so now we have d naught so here we  need to use only d pro okay so just to go to d max

rematch this one

and take only

dq right

just go to take the and dq right

so next i'm going to use summing block  

to compare that current this reference  current with the actual current okay

okay i'm going to take plus minus and then  it's going to be process via pid controller

so now here we have controlled voltage in the form  of uh vdq right so next i'm going to change to  

dq to dq naught okay and then this  control voltage in the form of dq  

so that should be converted into abc form  so i'm going to use the queue not to abc  

and then here i'm going to connect  omega t so after that you have that  

abc form controlled in the abc bomb that  should be processed for epidural generator  

that means sinusoidal video generator  so i'm going to use speedo generator 211  

and then this is going to be connected  here and here i'm going to change to on the  

switching frequencies equal to 10 kilohertz  right now i'm going to connect this one to  

here right so this is a complete model of the  polar three megawatt grid connected so locking  

system so next we need to measure the aggregate  voltage current and invert to current inverter  

voltage and then we need to measure power of this  cigarette side right grit and the inverted side  

so for that i'm going to take this one grit  voltage grid current and then i'm going to take

let me know what your voltage right so just  i'm going to change to inverter voltage

so this is uh

inverted current so i'm going to measure  this details so here need to measure four  

so just just to go to configuration change  number of port is four and layout is four  

apply and then connect the details

voltage

grid current inverter voltage inverter  current so and also you have to measure power  

so further go to here measurements and then take  this one positive sequence measurements that mean  

you have to measure the power in the  grid side as well as inverter side  

just change to 50x frequency so here  you have to measure inward power right

see here connect that this one okay so  now i'm going to measure this detailed

so i'm going to measure only the real power  of inverter side and grid side so i'm going  

to use two layout so this that means power  of grid and power of inverter so next we need  

power g g a block right so power  gui right so everything fine i think  

the complete model is ready right  so it doesn't get this model first  

so i'm going to save this model and then  play this button so after that definitely  

you have some problem okay so the sample  rate we need to fix so you got to click  

this one and then you have to simulate again  so before that i need to connect another scope

for the dc link voltage and another  scope for the control voltage from

sorry control voltage from  this inverter control logic  

and also i need a control output from  that window disabled from the repeat okay

so i'm going to submit now we will check the cells  of the model right so we designed this model for  

three megawatt upgrade connected pv system  right so first you have to check the pv power

so now we can see that the  pv power is increasing right

so it goes to three megawatt area right that  mean yeah is going to settle at the three  

megawatt right three into 10 power  six right so your voltage is around  

3 world so here you can see that current right  so current around 9 000 9500 something right  

so next we need to check this displaying voltage

so here this link voltage is around 1200 is  keep on reducing because we are fixing at  

600 volt it will reach 3600 volt  okay so next we need to check this

then grid voltage current everything right

so here i'm going to change the time display  to 0.1 second so then only you can see the  

structure of this this is the  voltage so this is good current  

so this is inverter voltage so this is  inverter current so next we need to check

power of the grid

and the power of inverter so this is the power of  grid power sending to the grid so this is power  

from the inverter okay so here you can see that  is reaches maximum two nearer to that term three  

megawatt right so whatever power is generating  from this pv right here you can see here right

so here you can see that whatever power is  generating is sent to grid right so this is  

grid power so this aggregate voltage grid  current inverter voltage and inverter okay  

so now i'm going to change the ignition and  then you will check the result of this model  

so i am going to change the radiation to  500 and then we will check the results

now you can see that because of changing  irradiation is around maintaining 1.5 right  

so the maximum power is extracted from the pv  panel and also because of changing irritation  

the power center into the grid also changed  so here you can see that this power is around  

1.5 megawatt right and also you can see here  right change in current in the grid side right

so this is working off three megawatt  

grid connected solar pv system thanks for  watching our videos kindly subscribe our channel  

and also click bell icon for notification about  upcoming video thank you thank you once again