Historical Antecedents of Science and Technology in the World
Summary
TLDRThis script delves into the historical evolution of science and technology, starting from the ancient Stone Age through the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods. It discusses the transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculture and the development of tools from stone to metal during the Bronze and Iron Ages. The script also touches on the Middle Ages, highlighting the Scientific Revolution with contributions from Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton, whose laws of motion and universal gravitation shaped our understanding of physics.
Takeaways
- π The presentation discusses the historical antecedence of Science and Technology, tracing the evolution from ancient to modern times.
- πΊοΈ The script covers the prehistoric periods, including the Stone, Bronze, and Iron Ages, highlighting the technological advancements of each era.
- πββοΈ The Paleolithic period is identified as the longest phase of human history, characterized by the use of stone tools and a hunter-gatherer lifestyle.
- π± The Mesolithic period saw a gradual change in human life, with the advent of fishing and the domestication of plants and animals.
- π‘ The Neolithic period marked the beginning of agriculture, with the domestication of plants and animals and the use of more advanced stone tools.
- π οΈ The Bronze Age introduced the use of copper and bronze tools, made possible through the process of smelting metal from ores.
- βοΈ The Iron Age followed, characterized by the use of iron tools and weapons, and the further development of metallurgy.
- ποΈ The Middle Ages are divided into the Early, High, and Late periods, with significant cultural and scientific developments occurring during the High Middle Ages.
- π¬ The Scientific Revolution during the Middle Ages brought about great intellectual achievements, including the work of Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler.
- π Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets around the Sun in elliptical orbits, challenging the previous circular model.
- π Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation laid the foundation for classical physics, describing the principles of motion and the forces acting on objects.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the provided script?
-The main topic of the script is the historical antecedence of Science and Technology in the world, covering its evolution from ancient times to the modern era.
What are the three main periods of the Stone Age?
-The three main periods of the Stone Age are the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods.
What does the term 'Paleolithic' mean and how is it divided?
-The term 'Paleolithic' means 'Old Stone Age' and it is subdivided into the lower, middle, and upper Paleolithic periods.
What were the primary tools and materials used during the Stone Age?
-The primary tools and materials used during the Stone Age were stone, wood, bone, and other natural materials used for making weapons and tools.
What significant change occurred during the Mesolithic period?
-During the Mesolithic period, humans began to learn fishing and the use of boats, and they also started to propagate animals and cultivate plants, marking a transition towards agriculture.
What is the difference between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods?
-The Paleolithic period is characterized by the use of stone tools and a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, while the Neolithic period is marked by the development of agriculture, the domestication of plants and animals, and the use of polished stone tools.
What technological advancements are associated with the Bronze Age?
-The Bronze Age is characterized by the extraction of metal from ores through smelting, leading to the use of copper and bronze for making tools and weapons.
How did the Iron Age differ from the Bronze Age?
-The Iron Age differed from the Bronze Age in that it involved the smelting of iron ore to produce iron tools and weapons, which were stronger and more durable than those made of bronze.
What is the significance of the Scientific Revolution during the Middle Ages?
-The Scientific Revolution during the Middle Ages marked a significant shift in scientific thought, with the development of new theories and laws, such as Copernican heliocentrism and Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
What are Kepler's laws of planetary motion and how do they differ from previous beliefs?
-Kepler's laws of planetary motion state that planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun with varying speeds, contradicting the previous belief in circular orbits with constant speeds.
What are Newton's laws of motion and how do they contribute to our understanding of physical movement?
-Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between a body's motion and the forces acting upon it, including the law of inertia, the concept that force equals mass times acceleration, and the universal law of gravitation, which explains the attraction between masses.
Outlines
π Evolution of Science and Technology Through the Ages
This paragraph delves into the historical antecedence of science and technology, tracing its roots from the ancient era to the modern age. It discusses the evolution of human progress through the Stone Age, which is further divided into the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods. The Paleolithic period is highlighted as the longest phase of human history, marked by the use of stone tools. The script also touches upon the development of Homo sapiens during this time. The Mesolithic and Neolithic periods are briefly mentioned, with the latter introducing the domestication of plants and animals and the use of more advanced stone tools. This paragraph sets the stage for understanding the progression of human civilization and its technological advancements.
π± Agricultural Advancements and the Birth of Civilizations
The second paragraph focuses on the agricultural revolution that marked a significant shift in human society. It describes how people transitioned from hunter-gatherers to cultivators, learning to propagate plants and animals. The advent of pottery and the domestication of plants and animals are highlighted as key developments during this period. The script mentions the spread of agricultural activities worldwide, which led to the emergence of various civilizations. It also touches upon the Bronze Age, characterized by the use of copper and bronze tools, and the Iron Age, which introduced iron tools. The paragraph concludes with a brief mention of the Middle Ages, including the Early and High Middle Ages, and the Scientific Revolution, which brought about significant scientific and intellectual achievements.
π Scientific Revolution and the Laws of Motion
This paragraph explores the Scientific Revolution and the groundbreaking discoveries made during this period. It discusses the work of astronomers like Copernicus, who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, and Kepler, who formulated the laws of planetary motion. The script explains Kepler's laws, which state that planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun and that a planet's speed varies depending on its proximity to the Sun. It also covers Galileo's contributions to the study of motion, including his discovery of the relationship between velocity, acceleration, and inertia. The paragraph concludes with Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation, which laid the foundation for classical physics and our understanding of the forces governing the motion of objects in the universe.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Science and Technology
π‘Ancient Age
π‘Stone Age
π‘Paleolithic
π‘Mesolithic
π‘Neolithic
π‘Bronze Age
π‘Iron Age
π‘Middle Ages
π‘Scientific Revolution
π‘Newton's Laws of Motion
Highlights
Introduction to the history of Science and Technology, covering ancient to modern periods.
Explanation of the Stone Age, including the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods.
Paleolithic period described as the longest phase of human history with tools made of stone and bone.
Mesolithic period characterized by the use of microliths, smaller and more delicate stone tools.
Neolithic period marked by the domestication of plants and animals and the use of stone tools.
Transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural practices during the Neolithic.
The Bronze Age introduced with the extraction of metal from ore, leading to new tools and weapons.
Iron Age advancements with the smelting of iron and its impact on society.
Middle Ages divided into the Early, High, and Late periods, each with distinct characteristics.
The Scientific Revolution during the High Middle Ages, a significant shift in scientific thought.
Copernicus' heliocentric model challenging the geocentric view of the universe.
Kepler's laws of planetary motion, describing elliptical orbits and varying speeds.
Galileo's work on the laws of motion, including the concept of inertia.
Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation, foundational to classical physics.
The impact of scientific discoveries on the understanding of lunar and solar eclipses.
Grading system explanation for the module, including the distribution of test scores.
Emphasis on memorization techniques for different periods within the Stone Age.
The evolution of human society from the Stone Age to the development of agriculture and civilization.
The significance of the transition from the use of copper to iron in tool and weapon making.
Transcripts
foreign
Topic in your science technology and
society which is entitled as historical
antecedence of Science and Technology in
the world
okay so these are the objectives of your
these are the objectives of your PPT or
for your module one
okay so this entirety uh this is about
the history of Science and Technology in
the world so which means it starts from
the ancient into the middle to the
modern ancient so this is the evolution
of science and technology
okay so when you say Ancient King from
our ancestors okay
ancient age this is a gave birth
industry canonically successive
prehistoric periods so these are the
stone the Bros and then the other one
which is what you call the ironhs
all the ancient Indonesian catalogers
stole the drones and then the iron ages
and your stone age
the Mesolithic and then the other one
which is
your Paleolithic is one under your Stone
Age so these are the lower the middle
and then the upper okay let's try it
with our
Stone Age so stay in h is one of three
in your ancient age so this is a period
of weapons made of stone wood bone and
some other material so at this stage
from the forest and they used stone wood
and hole
in World animals and then uh
wild plants so forests okay
so this Stone Age are subdivided into
three periods as I have said so these
are the Paleolithic Mesolithic and then
leolithic so can we memorize plus
especially with your exam as a face to
face is that when you see left a class
it is about the stone okay when you say
paleo means old then meso means middle
and the Neo means
and so on and so forth
see they believe that during this period
okay in the Stone Age is not evolved
from eight like the atrians into the
true Homo sapiens
which is
okay so like for example if you notice
here the color only changes because we
came from the garments of our parents so
which means
because of
almost with our parents so from the
chains from our parents changes
so let us first
know about what is Paleolithic So when
you say paleo means old and then left is
Stone so which means this is a Cold
Stone Age
so this is known as the longest phase of
human history
okay so the tools here in your polyun
native are made up of or made up of
stones the bones so on and so forth okay
[Music]
so the Paleolithic are subdivided into
three so these are the lower the middle
and then the upper
okay so here is that my changes I'm
answering the uh
during the subdivisions of your
Paleolithic period
okay
it says here uh
Hunters
they are called as hunter-gatherers
okay so they go into the forest that
alarm
but during the time of
basilatic baguna so it was the gradual
change in the way humans lies
okay so people began to learn fishing a
lot of your Breeze
animals and wild plants in the forest
but now they learned how to fish go out
fishing in the room for use in The Lakes
they didn't know they knew already how
to make pottery so
okay so they use their bowl para para
fish
and they learned now how to propagate or
how to uh
an example young animal breeding
and this time is that uh
so food in this period what was easily
available
in addition they made micro lips smaller
and more delicate stone tools okay same
foreign
during this period is that they are
mostly on agriculture so they've
developed sorry technology uh mostly in
that Agriculture and it characterized by
why domestication of plants and animals
and use of stone tools
okay agriculture activities expand all
over the world giving rise to the
variety of civilizations
okay
expand in terms of agriculture
with the Stone Age which is under the
ancient age
they are divided into three subdivided
the Paleolithic the Mesolithic and then
the Neolithic your Paleolithic and is
under noun lower middle and then the
upper
okay nothing means Stone
So when you say paleo Old Stone meso
means middle and Neo means new
foreign speech
okay this period started when almost all
the tools were made of copper or glutes
so chambers of stone age they use their
their bows the woods
or copper okay through extraction of
metal from The Ore called smelting
copper or prawns under the Bronze Age
next is the Iron Age
melting with an iron ore
foreign
Roman Empire so this is subdivided into
two smaller HS which are the dark and
the high Middle East
under the Middle Ages is a term used for
Early Middle Ages Shanghai Middle Ages
okay so a period of time happened
between the Roman Empire was from the
start of the Italian so this is the uh
the high Middle Ages is delayed under
the Middle Ages so this is the Discovery
age under your a middle ages
Scientific Revolution so this is a
paragrapher so the great scientific
intellectual achievements the universal
model which is under the copernican
hallucinetism foreign
kipler
I know sabini Kepler according to Kepler
evolved Nang Planet none Earth right now
planets by elliptical not circular okay
okay
um
it is
Kepler it states that all planets
revolve around the Sun is elliptical not
circular okay the closer to the Sun move
faster than the other is
next is Galileo's work of motion
so this involves the discovery of the
relations among these times okay
velocity acceleration and the law of
inertia okay so they used new scientific
approach so look at this
okay so this one or in the inclined
planes
that the distance that there are
different formulas not ensuring our
physics time
[Music]
Newton's law of motions Newton's loss of
motion so merus young that long lost
which is the first law of motion is what
you call
um
at rest okay the second law the uh three
different terms here in again say new
module but in short is that
Newton's uh law of motion is that if uh
an object addressed through a long
movement
uh if you are using your force to move
on an object this force is equal to the
energy that you gave okay
this is equal to the distance okay
Newton's love Universal gravity is that
Newton's love Universal if the force of
gravity is being excited on objects on
Earth what is the origin of that Forest
okay it says here that he further
realized that this first must be what
keeps the moon in its orbit so it's
about the orbiting of the Moon around
our around our eyes okay
so the moon can see is the one that
orbited the Earth
so that is what you call the uh Madeline
okay this is between the solar eclipse
and then the lunar eclipse
foreign
[Music]
[Music]
which is a part of your grading system
which is 50 so 50 25 is a middle 25
finals okay
I under the test okay so that is the end
of your of the discussion
[Music]
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