HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Summary
TLDRThis Life Noggin episode explores the history of the Internet, from its Cold War origins to the creation of ARPANET and the first email by Ray Tomlinson. It highlights the development of TCP/IP by Vint Cerf, Tim Berners-Lee's invention of the World Wide Web, and the evolution of web browsers like Mosaic and Netscape Navigator. The video also touches on the impact of dial-up internet access and the profound ways the Internet has transformed communication, information access, and daily life, including the humorous note that the first online purchase was a pizza.
Takeaways
- π The internet's origins trace back over 50 years ago, with early computers filling entire rooms and used for communication during the Cold War.
- π‘ In 1962, JCR Licklider proposed a network of computers that could communicate, laying the groundwork for interconnected computing.
- π 1969 saw the first message sent over ARPANET, a government computer network, marking a milestone in digital communication.
- π By the end of 1969, only four computers were connected to ARPANET, indicating the early, limited scope of the network.
- π§ 1971 was a pivotal year with the development of the first system for sending electronic mail, or email, by Ray Tomlinson.
- π The need for a universal communication protocol led to the invention of TCP and IP by Vinton Cerf, enabling global computer interaction.
- π The 1980s saw the use of TCP/IP for data transfer, but it was the 1990s that marked the true beginning of the internet as we know it.
- π In 1991, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, opening up a vast network of information accessible to anyone with an internet connection.
- π₯οΈ 1992 introduced Herwise, the first internet browser with a graphic interface, followed by the influential Mosaic in 1993, which popularized web surfing.
- π Netscape Navigator became the dominant web browser in 1994, capturing 90% of web usage, highlighting the rapid growth of internet adoption.
- π The early 1990s also saw the rise of dial-up internet access provided by companies like AOL and CompuServe, using telephone lines for connectivity.
Q & A
What is the origin of the Internet?
-The Internet originated over 50 years ago with computers that filled up entire rooms, used by scientists and researchers for communication during the Cold War.
Why was the Internet useful during the Cold War?
-The Internet was useful because if one computer went down, the others wouldn't follow, ensuring continuous communication.
Who proposed the idea of a network of computers that could communicate with each other?
-JCR Licklider proposed the idea of a network of computers that could talk to one another in 1962.
What was the first-ever message sent over ARPANET and what was its outcome?
-The first-ever message sent over ARPANET was 'login', but it only transmitted the first two letters before the network crashed.
What does ARPANET stand for?
-ARPANET stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, which was the government's computer network at the time.
Who developed the first system for sending electronic mail on ARPANET?
-Ray Tomlinson developed the first system for sending electronic mail, which would later be known as email.
What is the significance of the '@' symbol in emails?
-The '@' symbol was used to distinguish a person's name from the host name in email addresses.
What invention by Vinton Cerf allowed computers across the globe to communicate with each other?
-Vinton Cerf invented the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), which allowed computers to communicate in a virtual space.
What was the first internet browser with a graphic interface?
-Herwise, created in 1992, was the first internet browser with a graphic interface.
Which browser became the most popular in 1994, accounting for 90% of web usage?
-Netscape Navigator became the most popular web browser in 1994, accounting for 90% of web usage.
How did companies like AOL and CompuServe provide internet access in the early 90s?
-Companies like AOL and CompuServe provided dial-up internet access via telephone lines, using a modem to connect.
What was the first item ever purchased on the Internet?
-The first item ever purchased on the Internet was a pizza.
What book is recommended for further learning about the Internet's history?
-The book 'Tubes: A Journey to the Center of the Internet' is recommended for further learning about the Internet's history.
Outlines
π The Birth of the Internet
This paragraph introduces the topic of the Internet's history, highlighting its origins over 50 years ago. It mentions the Cold War era when computers were large and used for communication, and the concept of a network of interconnected computers was proposed by JCR Licklider in 1962. The first message sent over ARPANET in 1969 and the subsequent growth of the network with the addition of the University of Hawaii's Aloha net and other international networks are also discussed. The paragraph sets the stage for the evolution of the Internet, including the invention of email by Ray Tomlinson and the development of protocols by Vinton Cerf that allowed global computer communication.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Internet
π‘ARPANET
π‘JCR Licklider
π‘Ray Tomlinson
π‘Vinton Cerf
π‘TCP/IP
π‘Tim Berners-Lee
π‘Browsers
π‘Dial-up Internet
π‘Information Sharing
π‘Social Media
Highlights
The Internet's origins date back over 50 years ago with computers filling entire rooms.
During the Cold War, the Internet was crucial for communication to ensure continuity if one computer failed.
JCR Licklider proposed the concept of a networked computer system in 1962.
The first message sent over ARPANET in 1969 crashed the network after transmitting just 'login'.
By the end of 1969, only four computers were connected to ARPANET.
The University of Hawaii's Aloha net and other networks joined ARPANET in 1971.
Ray Tomlinson developed the first email system for ARPANET users in 1971, introducing the '@' symbol.
Vinton Cerf invented TCP/IP protocols, enabling global computer communication.
The 1990s marked the beginning of the Internet as we know it today.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1991, making information accessible to anyone with an Internet connection.
The first graphical web browser, Erwise, was created in 1992.
Mosaic, created in 1993, popularized web browsing and influenced future browsers.
Netscape Navigator became the most popular web browser in 1994 with 90% of web usage.
In the early 90s, companies like AOL and CompuServe began offering dial-up Internet access.
The Internet has revolutionized communication, information access, and global education.
The first item ever purchased on the Internet was a pizza.
Audible is offering a 30-day free trial and one free audiobook download for new users.
The book 'Tubes: A Journey to the Center of the Internet' is recommended for further learning about the Internet.
Life Noggin encourages viewers to engage with their content on social media and watch new videos every Monday.
Transcripts
this episode of life noggin is brought
to you by audible hey there welcome to
life noggin thanks to this wonderful
thing called the Internet you are
watching this video right now but how
did the internet get to where it is
today
there is so much internet history that
we couldn't possibly get to everything
in this short video so we're definitely
going to have to make a second one
anyway let's get started
the internet actually got its start over
50 years ago and computers back then
filled up entire rooms scientists and
researchers used it for years to
communicate during the Cold War it was
useful because if one computer went down
the others wouldn't follow in 1962 a
scientist named JCR Licklider proposed
the idea of a network of computers that
could talk to one another in 1969 the
first-ever message was sent from one
computer to another over the ARPANET the
government's computer network at the
time ARPANET stands for Advanced
Research Projects Agency one was located
in a research lab in UCLA and the other
at Stanford all the message said was
login and it didn't fail to crash the
network Stanford only received the first
two letters of the message but hey you
gotta start somewhere by the end of the
year only four computers were connected
to this network in 1971 the University
of Hawaii's Aloha net was added followed
by various networks in London in Norway
two years later also happening in 1971
ray Tomlinson was developing the first
system to send mail back and forth
between the users of ARPANET this would
eventually be called electronic mail or
email for short the @ symbol was used to
tell a person's name and the host name
apart with all of the networks floating
around there needed to be a way for all
of the computers on them to communicate
with other networks this is where
computer scientist named Vinton Cerf
comes in he invented a way to introduce
computers across the globe to each other
in a virtual space this invention was
called transmission control protocol or
TCP which was followed by Internet
Protocol or IP in the 80s scientists
used surf's protocol to send data back
and forth but the 90s is where it really
all began in 1991 computer programmer
named Tim berners-lee invented the World
Wide Web
this wasn't just a data sharing space
for scientists anymore this was an
entire network of information that was
accessible to anyone with an internet
connection you're using a browser right
now to watch this video and some of the
popular ones are Firefox Google Chrome
and Safari but in 1992
herwise was created Earl wise was an
internet browser and the first to have a
graphic
interface a few browsers came before and
after but in 1993 mosaic was created and
it would popularize surfing the web
mosaic influenced many of the browser's
to follow including Netscape Navigator
in 1994 this became the most popular web
browser at the time accounting for 90%
of the web usage in 1995 in the early
90s companies like AOL and CompuServe
were starting to provide dial-up
internet access dial-up is a method of
connecting to the Internet via telephone
line your telephone line was plugged
into a modem and the other end was
plugged into the phone jack there was a
period in history where you couldn't use
your telephone in the Internet at the
same time without the internet we
obviously wouldn't have things like
Facebook Twitter and YouTube but way
more importantly we wouldn't be able to
access information in seconds we
wouldn't be able to communicate with
people from around the world share ideas
and educate those who might not get a
chance elsewhere also without the
internet
I'd actually have to talk to someone
when I order a pizza which by the way
was the first thing ever purchased on
the Internet
how would your life be different without
the internet let us know in the comment
section below this episode of life
noggin is brought to you by audible go
to audible.com slash life noggin to get
a 30-day free trial and one free
audiobook download of your choice if you
want to learn even more about the
internet we recommend this amazing book
tubes a Journey to the Center of the
internet make sure you come back every
Monday for a brand new video and if you
want even more life Nog and check out
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I'm Flaco this has been life noggin
don't forget to keep on thinking
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