Human Body 101 | National Geographic

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The human body is a complex network of

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cells

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tissues and

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organs

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that together

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Make life possible

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Ten major systems are responsible for the body's functions

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skeletal muscular

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cardiovascular

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nervous

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endocrine

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lymphatic

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respiratory digestive urinary

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Reproductive

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The skeletal muscular

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cardiovascular and nervous systems in particular

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create an infrastructure that facilitates the other systems the

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Adult skeletal system is a framework of over 200 bones

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They hold the body together give it shape and protect its organs and tissues

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The skeleton also provides anchor points for the muscular system, which includes three types of muscles skeletal

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smooth and cardiac

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They are found throughout the body and facilitate movement

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Nestled within these muscles is the cardiovascular system a pipeline that includes the heart blood vessels and the blood itself

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also called the circulatory system the

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cardiovascular system delivers oxygen white blood cells hormones and nutrients throughout the body

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Lastly the nervous system is a communication network of nerve cells that the body uses to transmit information and coordinate

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bodily functions

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It's comprised of the brain the hub of sensory and intellectual activity the spinal cord

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And the many cranial and spinal nerves that emanate from them

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This infrastructure created by neurons blood muscles and bones

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Allows three other systems to regulate the body's environment the endocrine lymphatic and urinary systems

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The endocrine system is a series of glands that use information carried by the nervous system to help regulate the body's

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processes

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Thanks to this neural connection endocrine glands such as the thyroid are aware of the amount of hormones and other chemicals

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They need to produce

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these chemicals are then distributed throughout the body by way of the cardiovascular system the

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cardiovascular and nervous systems are also utilized by the lymphatic system a

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collection of lymph nodes and vessels that help regulate the body's defenses

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Also called the immune system the lymphatic system uses neural pathways to transmit information

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About affected areas of the body and then sends out healing agents like white blood cells via the blood stream

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Another key, regulatory system is the urinary system, which includes the kidneys ureters bladder and urethra

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The urinary or renal system maintains the body's electrolyte levels and filters wastes from the blood

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This waste is sent through the blood vessels into the kidneys and then expelled as urine

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All of these systems require energy to function and that's where the respiratory and digestive

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Systems come in

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The respiratory system is a group of passageways and organs that extracts life-giving oxygen from the air we breathe

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Air enters the body through nasal cavities travels down the throat and is then transported to the lung

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The lungs extract oxygen for the body to use and then expel a carbon dioxide by-product when we exhale energy

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Can also come in the form of food?

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The digestive system is an approximately 30 foot series of organs that convert food into fuel

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Food enters the system through the mouth then moves into the esophagus the stomach and the intestines

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Nutrients are absorbed into the body while solid waste is expelled through the anal canal the end of the digestive tract

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No matter the roll size or shape of any of the body systems each began with a reproductive system

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This system is responsible for creating life

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the primary organs involved differ between the sexes with ovaries fallopian

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Tubes the uterus and vagina found in women and testes and a sperm channel found in men together

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Fertilization may occur organ systems form and then a child is born

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Humans are complicated organisms

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But when our 10 major organ systems are healthy

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They ensure our well-being

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