King Tut: Treasures of the Tomb - Virtual Tour @ The Discovery Center of Idaho
Summary
TLDRThe script offers an immersive journey into the ancient Egyptian treasures of King Tutankhamun, discovered by Howard Carter in 1922. It details the artifacts, from alabaster statues and golden pendants to the iconic death mask, showcasing the craftsmanship and religious beliefs of the era. The narration delves into the Amarna period, highlighting the reign of Akhenaten and the artistic legacy left by Nefertiti. The script also explores the significance of various items, from funerary objects to board games, providing a rich insight into the life and afterlife of the Egyptian pharaohs.
Takeaways
- π The Discovery Center of Idaho features an exhibition of King Tut's treasures, offering insights into ancient Egyptian life.
- π΅οΈββοΈ Howard Carter, the discoverer of King Tut's tomb in 1922, unveiled thousands of artifacts that were entombed with the pharaoh.
- π¨ The artifacts on display are superbly reproduced by the Origins Museum Institute, preserving the mystery of this significant archaeological find.
- π The alabaster statue of a figure with a papyrus sheet signifies the exclusivity of writing and record-keeping, a mostly male occupation in ancient Egypt.
- π The alabaster statue of Queen Ankhesenamun and her son Pepi II represents royal lineage from the sixth dynasty.
- π» A terracotta figure shows an Egyptian woman fermenting barley, illustrating the process of making beer, a common task in ancient Egypt.
- π¨βπ§ Akhenaten and Nefertiti's rejection of traditional Egyptian beliefs and the worship of the Aten, the sun god, is highlighted by the artifacts.
- π The golden pendant symbolizes Tutankhamun's ascension to the throne and the re-establishment of the priesthood of Amun.
- π The cobra serpent on a gilded wooden staff represents the guardian of the entrance to the underworld and is associated with the goddess Mead.
- π The Ujjat eye, or Eye of Horus, symbolizes protection, royal power, and good health, and is featured in various inlays and amulets.
- π¨ The Amarna art style, characterized by a naturalistic representation of the royal family, is exemplified by the limestone bust of one of Akhenaten's daughters.
Q & A
When were King Tut's tomb and treasures first discovered?
-King Tut's tomb and treasures were first discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter.
What does the alabaster statue of a figure sitting cross-legged signify about ancient Egyptian society?
-The alabaster statue signifies the exclusive and mostly male occupation of writing and keeping records in ancient Egyptian society.
Who are depicted in the alabaster statue showing a queen and her son?
-The alabaster statue depicts Queen Ankus and her son Pepi II from the Sixth Dynasty.
What activity is depicted by the terracotta figure of an Egyptian woman?
-The terracotta figure depicts an Egyptian woman engaged in the task of fermenting barley to make beer.
Why was Pharaoh Akhenaten significant in terms of religious beliefs?
-Pharaoh Akhenaten was significant because he rejected the traditional polytheistic beliefs of Egypt and worshipped one god, the Aten.
What is the significance of the winged scarab in ancient Egyptian culture?
-The winged scarab represents the god Kefri, who was believed to push the sun across the sky every day, symbolizing rebirth and the pharaoh's immortality.
What does the Ujjat eye symbolize and what is its significance?
-The Ujjat eye symbolizes the right eye of the celestial hawk god Horus, representing protection, royal power, and good health.
What is the significance of the lock of hair buried with Tutankhamun?
-The lock of hair signifies the connection to the great royal wife of Amenhotep III and the mother of Akhenaten, representing a personal and familial link.
What is the significance of the perfume box in the shape of a cartouche?
-The perfume box, shaped like a cartouche, which means 'to encircle' in French, symbolizes eternity and contains the name of the pharaoh, signifying his eternal life.
What is the significance of the golden bed found in the tomb?
-The golden bed signifies the opulence and status of the pharaoh, with its ornately carved footboard and woven mattress, celebrating the unity of upper and lower Egypt.
What is the significance of the canopic jars and their associated goddesses?
-The canopic jars held the mummified organs of the pharaoh, and each was protected by a goddess, representing the protection of the internal organs in the afterlife.
Why is the gold death mask of Tutankhamun considered an art masterpiece?
-The gold death mask is considered an art masterpiece due to its intricate design, the use of gold inlaid with precious stones, and its representation of the young pharaoh's features.
Outlines
πΊ King Tut's Artifacts and Egyptian History
This paragraph introduces the Discovery Center of Idaho's exhibit on King Tut, highlighting the historical significance of the artifacts found in his tomb. Unearthed by Howard Carter in 1922, the items provide a window into ancient Egyptian life. The collection, curated by the Origins Museum Institute, includes an alabaster statue of a scribe, a limestone bust of Ankhesenamun and her son Pepi II, and a terracotta figure of a woman making beer. It also touches on the reign of Akhenaten, his religious reforms, and his connection to Tutankhamun. The paragraph concludes with a description of Tutankhamun's golden pendant and the symbolism of the cobra serpent as a guardian of the underworld.
π Symbolism in Tutankhamun's Tomb
This section delves into the symbolic artifacts found within Tutankhamun's tomb, emphasizing the religious and cultural significance of each piece. The winged scarab represents the god Kefri, who was believed to push the sun across the sky. The Ujjat eye symbol is associated with protection, royal power, and good health. The description includes a variety of items such as a royal broadcaster with beads and pendants, a boat floating above lotus blossoms, and a limestone bust of Nefertiti. It also mentions the funerary collar and mummy bead necklace, a stone vessel decorated with lotus petals, and an alabaster lamp, all reflecting the opulence and religious beliefs of the time.
π Tutankhamun's Personal Effects and Regalia
The paragraph discusses various personal items and regalia associated with Tutankhamun, providing insights into his daily life and status. It describes a perfume box in the shape of a cartouche, an ankh mirror case symbolizing life, and a mannequin of Tutankhamun used for garment production. The paragraph also mentions an alabaster lotus lamp, a decorative boat with ibex horns, and a jar representing royalty and lions. The description of a senet board game and an ebony and ivory child's chair highlights the craftsmanship and leisure activities of the era. The paragraph concludes with the depiction of the ankh symbol, representing eternal life, and the luxurious gold throne chair and footstool of the pharaoh.
π Tutankhamun's Burial Chamber and Sacred Objects
This paragraph focuses on the burial chamber of Tutankhamun and the sacred objects found within it. It describes the intimate scene of Tutankhamun and his wife on a golden bed, the royal scepter found in the annex, and a chest containing linen robes and sandals. The description includes a headrest representing the god Shu, the Nevitt shrine portraying domestic scenes, and a gold chariot with gilded reliefs. The paragraph also mentions the hattor ritual couch, a golden wooden figure of Osiris, and the canopic gold shrine, each item reflecting the religious rites and the afterlife beliefs of ancient Egypt.
πͺ Tutankhamun's Afterlife and Funerary Practices
The paragraph explores the funerary practices and the concept of the afterlife in ancient Egypt as represented in Tutankhamun's tomb. It discusses the ushabti figures, which were buried to serve as substitutes for the deceased in the next world. The paragraph also describes the portrait of the young pharaoh, the cartouche symbolizing eternity, and the gold death mask, which is considered an art masterpiece. The description includes the canopic jars, each associated with a goddess and a particular organ of the pharaoh, and the replica of King Tut's sarcophagus, reflecting the meticulous preparation for the pharaoh's journey through the underworld.
π‘ Tutankhamun's Funerary Statues and Sacred Animals
This section highlights the funerary statues and sacred animals that were part of Tutankhamun's burial. It describes the two almost identical statues guarding the entrance to the burial chamber, a carved wooden effigy of the pharaoh, and a royal dagger made of gold and meteorite. The paragraph also mentions the coffins, with the largest one being solid gold, and the intricately decorated hilt of the dagger. The description concludes with the ongoing restoration of these artifacts, curated by the Origins Museum Institute with the help of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and artisans from the Pharaonic Village in Egypt.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Tutankhamun
π‘Artifacts
π‘Alabaster
π‘Amarna Period
π‘Crowns
π‘Scarab
π‘Ujjat Eye
π‘Funerary Art
π‘Board Game
π‘Coffins
π‘Sarcophagus
Highlights
King Tut's tomb was discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter, revealing thousands of artifacts that offer insights into ancient Egyptian life.
The alabaster statue of a figure with a papyrus sheet signifies the exclusive occupation of writing and record-keeping, mostly by men.
The limestone bust of Queen Ankhesenamun and her son Pepi II represents the royal family from the sixth dynasty.
A terracotta figure shows an Egyptian woman fermenting barley, illustrating the process of making beer.
Akhenaten and Nefertiti are known for abandoning Thebes to build a city in the desert and worshipping the one god, Aten.
The blue kapresh crown signifies Akhenaten's rejection of traditional beliefs and his fatherhood to Tutankhamun.
The bust of Tutankhamen's step-sister, Mary Tatan, exemplifies the Amarna art style prevalent between 1150-1070 BCE.
The golden pendant of Tutankhamun symbolizes his ascension to the throne following his father's death.
The winged scarab represents the god Kefri, who is believed to push the sun across the sky daily.
The Ujjat eye symbol is associated with protection, royal power, and good health, and is an important symbol in ancient Egyptian culture.
The royal broadcaster's necklace features intricate inlays and pendants, reflecting the opulence of the pharaoh's attire.
A papyrus vignette depicts King Tut and his wife Ankhesenamun in a romantic arbor scene, offering floral bouquets.
The Egyptian funerary collar and mummy bead necklace are crafted from green feldspar ceramic beads and gold plating.
The alabaster lamp, when lit, reveals hidden images of Tutankhamun and his wife, adding a layer of mystique to the artifact.
The perfume box in the shape of a cartouche, symbolizing eternity, showcases the name of Tet in the life of Amen.
The Ankh mirror case, adorned with the symbol of life, was treasured by grave robbers and still bears their fingerprints.
The Senet board game, one of the oldest found in ancient Egypt, is made of ebony wood and ivory, resembling modern checkers or chess.
The gold throne chair and footstool are inlaid with semi-precious stones, depicting an intimate scene of the royal couple.
The golden bed, one of six found in the tomb, features an ornately carved footboard and a woven mattress.
The gold death mask of Tutankhamun, weighing 22 pounds, is an art masterpiece inlaid with precious stones.
The restoration of Tutankhamun's artifacts is the first ever, taking place with the help of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Egyptian artisans.
Transcripts
so
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welcome to the discovery center of idaho
and king tut treasures from the tomb
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uncovered for the first time in 1922 by
howard carter
futon kamun known informally as king tut
was entombed with thousands of artifacts
that give us a glimpse into ancient
egyptian life
superbly reproduced this magnificent
collection of artifacts curated by the
origins museum institute
preserves the mystery of one of the most
astonishing archaeological treasures
ever discovered
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this alabaster statue shows a figure
sitting cross-legged with papyrus sheet
on his lap
this shows the exclusive and mostly male
occupation of writing and keeping
records
this alabaster statue shows queen ankus
and mary
and her son pepe ii from the sixth
dynasty
this terracotta figure depicts an
egyptian woman
with the task of fermenting barley
through a sieve into a vat or more
commonly known as making beer
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amentotep iv and queen nefertiti
abandoned thebes to build a city in the
desert amarna
he rejected the traditional beliefs of
egypt and worshipped one
god the atan he was the father of
tutankhamun and son of aman hotep iii
and queen tai
he wears the blue kapresh crown
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after the collapse of the city of the
sun amarna akhenaten's names were erased
from the many monuments
this bust is one of tutankhamen's six
step sisters known as
mary tatan
this limestone bust of one of the
daughters of akhenaten
and nefertiti is expressed in an art
that culminated in the amarna
art style 1150-1070 bce
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this golden pendant shows tutankhamun
sitting with his accession to the throne
after his father's death
the priesthood of our moon was
re-established
this cobra serpent is associated with a
goddess meat
and acts as the guardian of the entrance
to the underworld
found on top of a pair of gilded wooden
staffs
the figures commemorate the pharaoh's
coronation
around 1333 bc at the age of nine
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the winged scarab is representative of
the god kefri
who pushes the sun across the sky every
day as a giant scarab
in real life the scarab beetle lays its
eggs in a ball of dumb
and rolls the ball ahead of it wherever
it goes
the ujjat eye symbolizes the right eye
of the celestial hawk
god horus and was known for protection
royal power and good health
carnelian turquoise lapis lazuli inlay
the falcon clutching the symbols of life
and holding the sun
the royal broadcaster has fiance beads
and scarab pendants
a boat floating above the lotus blossoms
rising from the celestial waters
represented by a symbol for sky
capri the falcon winged scarab god of
the sunrise is pushing sun disk
as a symbol of rebirth and of the
pharaoh's immortality
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the great royal wife of almenotep iii
and mother of akhenaten
characterized by the new kingdom style
of pharonic art
a lock of her hair was buried with tut
this limestone bust of the radiant one
has come nefertiti
was found in the workshop of sculptor
tutmos at el
amarna it was left behind when the city
was abandoned and later found in 1912 by
german ludwig borkhart
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this papyrus vignette shows king tut and
his wife anka sinamun
strolling in an arbor of floral columns
offering bouquets of lotus and papyrus
decorated with mandrake is lightly a
wedding image
this egyptian funerary collar and mummy
bead necklace is made of green fiance
ceramic beads and gold plated for burial
ceremony
this papyrus vignette of ankanatan
nefertiti and mary teton
show the royal family making offerings
to the sun god
anon
this fine carved stone vessel was
decorated with bands of faciant's lotus
petals
two identical ones were found in the
annex of the tomb
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this alabaster lamp is in the form of a
lotus
the interior when lit shows concealed
images of tutankhamun and his wife anki
sennamun
the lid of this jar a recumbent lion
sits atop scenes of lions and hounds
hunting bulls and inscribed with the
pharaoh's pre-noman name
containing animal fat and fragrant
resins it was found
in the burial chamber
this wedding chest is made out of
alabaster carved from a single block
it was engraved with the pharaoh's name
and great royal wife
inside were two balls of hair signifying
the marriage contract
of tutankhamun and his half-sister wife
on kisunamun
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the ibex statue contained an original
ibex horns that did not survive
has eyes of glass and tongue of ivory
as well as pierced ears the oils it
contained may have been stolen in one of
the robberies of the tomb
shortly after being sealed
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this perfume box is in the shape of a
cartouche
a cartouche which is french for shenyu
which means to encircle
it shows tet's name perfect in the life
of amun
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this ankh mirror case is in the style of
the ankh
symbol for life made of wood and covered
in sheet gold with the names of the
pharaoh
his throne name is shown encased in
carnelian
and quartz perfumes were treasured by
grave robbers
howard carter noted fingerprints could
still be seen on the insides of some
vessels after the oils were stolen
shaped in a motif of papyrus and lotus
this vessel is made of two separate
pieces of alabaster
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this mannequin of tutankhamun is made
out of wood and stuccoed
and in an effigy a plain tunic style
likely used for making garments for the
pharaoh
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over the neck of this mannequin you'll
see a solar scarab
jewelry amulet
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this alabaster lotus lamp is in the form
of a large blue lotus
the lamp was carved from a single piece
of alabaster
the interior when lit sometimes shows
inner wall scenes and images of
tutankhamun and his wife ankusanamu
this alabaster boat is one of the many
stone vessels found in the annex of the
tomb
this decorative boat with genuine syrian
ibex horns
is decorated with precious stone and
gold leaf
the dwarf figure steers the water as a
woman sits on the prowl
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associating royalty with lions this jar
was found in the burial chamber
four carved heads represent vanquished
enemies
asiatic and african it shows scenes of
hunting bowls and ibex
its contents consisted of animal fats
with gum resins
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this senate board one of the oldest
board games found in the first burials
of ancient egypt
made of ebony wood and ivory this game
is similar to checkers or chess
a player would throw the equivalent of
gaming dice to establish how many
squares to move one of their pawns
on a given turn
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this ebony and ivory child's chair is
similar to the gold throne chair
it is constructed elegantly with gold
rivets and ivory inlay panels
with guild side panels sitting on with
feline legs
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the ebony stool is inlaid with ivory
and stylized of a camp stool found in
the anti-chamber
the duck head motif on the legs are
typical of this kind of furniture
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this ankh symbol is a cross and hook
hieroglyphic symbol representing
eternal life in ancient egypt it was
also born as an amulet of various
materials
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two leonine heads sit on the arms part
of the chair is solid gold
cartouches on the armrests show his aton
name
signifying his coronation this gold
throne chair and footstool
are plated with gold wood inlaid with
semi-precious stones
the back shows the intimate scene of
tutankhamun and ankusanamun the royal
couple
the pharaoh wears the hemphem crown
the royal scepter is made of wood with
sheet gold cloisonne inlay
this scepter was found in the annex it
represents a papyrus stem
with five sacrificial bowls and an
inscription of the royal manifestation
of tutankhamun
its significance is that it suggests a
compromise between the aton and the amun
beliefs
this golden bed is one of six beds found
in the tomb
it has an ornately carved footboard and
a strung with woven mattress
the central panel celebrates the unity
of upper and lower
egypt
howard carter describes this chest as
one of the greatest artistic treasures
of the tomb
containing linen robes head rests and
sandals
it has scenes of hunting and war futon
common is portrayed in the chariot
vanquishing enemies
one of the nine found in the tomb this
headrest represents shu
god of the atmosphere kneeling between
east and west horizons
to raise up to the heavens the head of
the sleeper
the nevitt shrine sitting on a sledge
it portrays the royal couple in domestic
scenes
the curved roof in the form of a
sanctuary of neckbet
the vulture goddess a statue of the
pharaoh
originally stood inside
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one of six found dismantled in the tomb
and constructed of wood and leather
the gold chariot was introduced in the
16th century
likely by the hixos the inner panels are
covered with gilded reliefs of bound
captives
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made of papyrus leather wood and sheep
gold
the souls are decorated with images of
captive african and asian enemies
symbolically trampled on by the pharaoh
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the hattor ritual couch has gold heads
in the form of the goddess hator
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the bodies are blue glass and lay
a sacred couch for bearing the pharaoh
to the heavens
the hieroglyphics ensure protection of
isis and osiris
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this golden wooden figure was found in
the burial chamber
osiris was god of the afterlife wearing
the ostrich atef crown
ushbadi means the answerer
one of the oldest of egyptian gods pitta
was a protector of artisans
and craftsmen found in the treasury the
gilded figure is inscribed
with feathers holding a staff with
hieroglyphics for life
and says the benevolent god son of rey
tutankhamun
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means answerer and they were mummiform
figures buried in the tombs to serve as
substitutes for the deceased
in the next world over 400 were found in
tutankhamun's tomb
a formula from the book of the dead
often is written on us bodies
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the portrait captures the young
pharaoh's elongated skull
a feature among the inbred royals of
amarna
he is represented as the solar deity
emerging from a lotus at the moment
of creation
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a cartouche representing a loop of rope
encircling the name
symbolizes eternity made of ebony and
ivory an exquisite design
it was found in the treasury it
contained pieces of jewelry
including gold earrings usually
abandoned by young men
upon manhood
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men carrot reverently bearing aloft the
pharaoh in his mummy shroud
in the journey before death
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this ornamental gold head was found on a
leopard skin
in the ante chamber this wood overlaid
with gold and glass on quartz
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carved in delicate low relief around its
surface
an inscription refers to him as beloved
of among
lord of the thrones of the two lands and
lord of heaven
howard carter called it the wishing cup
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part of the ritual couches beds were
assembled in four sections inside the
tomb
the ritual couch such as this was likely
used as a mummification buyer during the
70-day
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process
the canopic gold shrine
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a freeze of cobras at the top was said
to be one of the most beautiful
monuments seen in the tomb
inscribed in sunken relief it housed a
canopic smaller chest containing the
viscera of the mummy
four gilt tutelary goddesses stood
protecting the organs to be resurrected
to the mummy
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ator cow goddess of the west is
manifested in the form of a sacred cow
gilded wooden sculpture was found in the
treasury
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lord of the west and guardian of the
burial necropolis was found in the
treasury of the tomb
originally it contained embalming
equipment this carving has obsidian eyes
and a collar of gold leaf called a
jackal god similar to the scavenging
dogs
anibus presided over mummification and
the dead
in final judgment
one of four goddesses each distinguished
by a hieroglyphic emblem on their head
protecting the internal organs of the
pharaoh
isis protected the liver leftist the
lungs
neath the stomach and cell kit the
intestines with crowned scorpium emblem
wearing the white crown headjet of upper
egypt
this represents the pharaoh's passage
through the underworld
on his journey he would encounter
various thresholds
and emerge with a rising sun
this is a replica of king tut's
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sarcophagus
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harpoon wearing the crown of lower
egypt and standing on a papyrus raft
this is sculpted in the amarna style and
may have been reworked for tutankhamun's
burial
the design on the curved inscribed lid
of this small canopic chest
is reminiscent of the per-where
sanctuary of the temple of hattor
at dendera
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so
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carved of alabaster it contained four
hollow receptacles or the linen wrapped
internal
organs and detailed design in
hieroglyphics
a freeze of gied pillars and isis was
wrapped around the base which sat on a
sledge
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personifications of four canopic jars
each of horus's sons
paired with a goddess is responsible for
the protection of a particular organ
imseti and isis guarded the liver hoppy
and nephthese the lungs do motif
underneath
the stomach and cavends sunuf and selkit
the intestines
made of beaten gold with cloisonne rishi
or feather pattern they each held the
mummified organs of the pharaoh
phlebellum provided shade and were
fitted with ostrich plumes on golden
staffs
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considered an art masterpiece typically
in the likeness of the deceased
the gold death mask weighs 22 pounds and
is of several parts gold inlaid with
precious stones
the goddess's nephet and wadjet are on
the ground
a false beard connects two tongue common
to a god
the broader collar ends in shapes of
falcon hence
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standing at the entrance to the burial
chamber these two
almost identical wood and gold statues
are shown protecting the mummy of the
pharaoh as he lied in his nested coffins
within the sarcophagus
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this carved wooden effigy of the pharaoh
is in the oceride style
lying on a funeral buyer
a royal dagger of gold solid gold and
meteorite that had fallen out of the sky
it was wrapped within the bandages of
the mummy lying on his right thigh
the decorated hilt of the dagger is
boarded with a rope pattern and the
sheath
shows a hunting scene
the coffin the largest of the three
nested ones inside the stone sarcophagus
is where tuts mummy was found it is of
solid gold
while the others are of wood and
semi-precious stones
covered with linen shrouds and a floral
collar a resin liquid had been poured
over the body
the image that was sculpted on this
coffin is exquisite
due to the decomposition of the calcite
of the eyes
the pupils of the eyes are obsidian
while the eyebrows and cosmetic lines
are inlaid with lapis lazuli colored
glass
this coffin measures about six foot in
length and weighs 242 pounds
a value today would be in the realm of
1.7 million us
dollars in july 2019 the first
ever restoration is taking place at this
magnificent piece of art
this collection was curated by the
origins museum institute with the help
of the metropolitan museum of art and
artisans from the pharonic village in
egypt
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