AI is terrifying, but not for the reasons you think!

Summary

This script explores the rapid evolution of AI and its potential to replace human jobs, causing anxiety among workers. It discusses the environmental impact of AI's energy consumption, copyright issues in AI training, and the ethical concerns surrounding AI biases and content moderation. The narrative emphasizes the need for a sustainable, ethical AI development path.

Takeaways

• 🤖 The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked fears of robots taking over and replacing human jobs, with some estimates suggesting AI could replace 300 million full-time jobs.
• 🌐 Generative AI is increasingly accessible, leading to anxiety among workers about their roles being automated, as highlighted by a Price Waterhouse Cooper survey showing nearly one-third of respondents were concerned about job displacement by technology within three years.
• 🎨 Creatives worldwide are worried about the impact of AI on the authenticity of art, questioning whether human creativity will still be necessary in a world dominated by AI-generated content.
• 🚀 Concerns about AI reaching a point of uncontrollable self-improvement are prevalent, with the fear that advanced AI could surpass human intelligence and become autonomous, leading to unpredictable consequences.
• 🌳 The environmental impact of AI is significant, with large AI models like Bloom consuming as much energy as 30 homes in a year and emitting substantial carbon dioxide, highlighting the need for sustainable AI development.
• 🌞 Solar Slice is a startup aiming to mitigate the environmental impact of AI by allowing individuals to fund the construction of large-scale solar farms, supporting the transition to clean energy and reducing carbon emissions.
• 📚 Copyright issues surrounding AI training data have become a major concern, with companies like Open AI facing legal challenges for using copyrighted content from sources like YouTube without permission.
• 📈 The growth of large language models has been exponential, increasing 2,000 times in size over the last five years, which raises questions about the environmental and ethical implications of such massive data consumption.
• 🖼️ Artists, musicians, and writers are increasingly concerned about their work being used in AI training without consent or compensation, leading to legal disputes and calls for clearer regulations on AI data use.
• 🔍 AI biases can perpetuate societal prejudices, with discriminatory data leading to unfair outcomes in applications like law enforcement, healthcare, and job recruitment, emphasizing the need for unbiased AI training data.

Q & A

What is the primary concern regarding the evolution of artificial intelligence?

The primary concern is that artificial intelligence might evolve at an incomprehensibly fast pace, potentially leading to AI systems that are uncontrollable and could replace human jobs.

What did Goldman Sachs report about AI's impact on employment?

Goldman Sachs published a report stating that AI could replace the equivalent of 300 million full-time jobs.

What did a Price Waterhouse Cooper survey from May 2022 reveal about workers' concerns?

The survey found that almost one-third of respondents were worried about their employment roles being replaced by technology in the next three years.

How does the proliferation of AI affect creatives worldwide?

Creatives worldwide are fearful that art as they know it faces an existential threat with the proliferation of AI, questioning whether human authenticity is necessary in the world anymore.

What is the environmental impact of AI models like Bloom?

Bloom, an AI model focused on ethics, transparency, and consent, was found to use as much energy as 30 homes in one year and emit 20 tons of carbon dioxide, highlighting the environmental impact of AI.

What is the significance of the AI model Bloom's energy consumption in comparison to larger models?

Bloom's energy consumption is relatively small compared to larger models like GPT, which are assumed to use at least 20 times more energy, indicating a significant environmental cost.

What is Solar Slice and how does it aim to address the climate crisis?

Solar Slice is a startup that allows individuals to fund the construction of large-scale solar farms, accelerating the transition to clean energy. Users can sponsor a slice of a solar farm, track its energy production and carbon savings, and earn eco points for further environmental contributions.

What are the copyright issues surrounding AI model training?

AI models require massive amounts of data to work effectively, often scraping content from platforms like YouTube without permission. This raises ethical and legal questions about the use of copyrighted material in AI training.

How did the New York Times respond to AI companies using their content for training?

The New York Times sued AI companies like Open AI for copyright infringement, demanding the destruction of chatbot models and training data that include copyrighted material.

What are the implications of AI biases in various sectors?

AI biases can lead to tangible damage in sectors like law enforcement, healthcare, and job applicant tracking. These biases perpetuate societal prejudices and can result in lower accuracy results for certain demographics.

What is the role of Sama in AI content moderation and what were the reported issues?

Sama provided laborers to Open AI for content moderation, sifting through extremist, sexual, and violent content. However, employees reportedly suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder and were paid less than $2 an hour, highlighting the human cost of AI development.

What are some potential solutions to the ethical and legal issues in AI development?

Tools like Spawning and Code Carbon are being developed to help artists control their work's use in AI training and measure AI's environmental impact, respectively. These tools could lead to better understanding and regulation of AI's social, legal, and environmental impacts.

Outlines

00:00

🤖 AI's Impact on Jobs and the Environment

The first paragraph discusses the widespread fear of AI replacing human jobs, citing a Goldman Sachs report that suggests AI could displace 300 million full-time jobs. It also touches on the anxiety among creatives about AI's potential to disrupt the art world and questions the necessity of human authenticity. The environmental impact of AI is highlighted, with the creation of the AI model Bloom, which emphasizes ethics and sustainability but still consumes significant energy. The paragraph also mentions the energy consumption of large AI models like GPT and the lack of transparency from tech companies about their energy use. Finally, it introduces Solar Slice, a startup that allows individuals to fund solar farms and contribute to clean energy.

05:02

📚 AI and Copyright Law: A Complex Relationship

This paragraph delves into the legal and ethical issues surrounding AI training, particularly in relation to copyright law. It describes how AI models like Open AI's Whisper transcribe YouTube videos to train chatbots, potentially violating copyright and YouTube's terms of service. The paragraph also covers the New York Times' lawsuit against AI companies for using their content in AI training, marking a significant legal challenge. The discussion extends to the broader implications for content creators, such as visual artists and musicians, whose work may be used in AI training without permission or compensation. The ethical and legal debates around AI training are highlighted, with no clear consensus on the right course of action.

10:02

🌐 AI Biases and the Real-World Consequences

The third paragraph addresses the issue of AI biases, which can perpetuate societal prejudices and lead to tangible harm, particularly in law enforcement and healthcare. It discusses how AI models trained on discriminatory data can result in misidentification and unfair treatment, such as in facial recognition systems. The paragraph also touches on the impact of AI on content moderation, where workers are exposed to traumatic content, leading to mental health issues. The ethical implications of AI training and use are explored, including the need for transparency and fair compensation for content creators. The paragraph concludes by suggesting that while AI is advancing rapidly, addressing its social, legal, and environmental impacts is crucial for creating a responsible AI ecosystem.

Keywords

💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. In the video, AI is portrayed as a rapidly evolving technology that has the potential to replace human jobs, which is a major concern for many. The script discusses the fear of AI taking over and the ethical implications of its development.

💡Generative AI

Generative AI is a type of AI that can create new content, such as text, images, or music, based on existing data. The script mentions generative AI as a source of anxiety for workers and creatives, as it is becoming more accessible and could potentially replace human roles in various industries.

💡Ethics

Ethics in the context of AI refers to the moral principles that guide the development and use of AI technologies. The script highlights the importance of ethics in AI, particularly in terms of transparency, consent, and environmental impact. It also touches on the ethical concerns related to AI's impact on employment and the potential for bias in AI models.

💡Environmental Impact

The environmental impact of AI refers to the effects that AI technologies have on the environment, particularly in terms of energy consumption and carbon emissions. The script discusses the high energy usage and carbon footprint associated with training large AI models, such as Bloom and GPT, and the need for more sustainable AI practices.

💡Copyright Law

Copyright law is a legal framework that protects the rights of creators over their intellectual property. In the video, copyright law is discussed in relation to AI, as companies like Open AI have been accused of using copyrighted content to train their AI models without permission, raising legal and ethical questions.

💡Data Scraping

Data scraping is the process of extracting data from websites, often without permission. The script mentions Open AI's use of data scraping to train its AI models, particularly by transcribing YouTube videos into text documents, which has led to legal disputes and questions about the legality and ethics of such practices.

💡Bias

Bias in AI refers to the unfair or prejudiced treatment of certain groups or individuals by AI systems, often as a result of the data used to train the models. The script highlights the potential for AI to perpetuate societal biases, such as racism and sexism, and the negative consequences this can have in various applications, including law enforcement and healthcare.

💡Content Moderation

Content moderation involves the review and management of content on digital platforms to ensure it complies with community standards or legal requirements. The script discusses the challenges of content moderation in the context of AI, particularly the emotional toll it can take on human workers who are tasked with reviewing disturbing content to train AI models.

💡Sustainability

Sustainability in the context of AI refers to the development and use of AI technologies in a way that minimizes negative environmental and social impacts. The script mentions the need for AI to be more sustainable, both in terms of its environmental footprint and its social implications, such as the impact on employment and the potential for bias.

💡Transparency

Transparency in AI refers to the openness and clarity with which AI developers and companies disclose information about their technologies and practices. The script emphasizes the importance of transparency in AI, particularly in relation to the data used to train AI models and the potential for bias or unethical practices.

💡Legal Implications

Legal implications in the context of AI refer to the potential legal consequences and challenges that may arise from the development and use of AI technologies. The script discusses various legal issues related to AI, including copyright infringement, the misuse of personal data, and the potential for AI to perpetuate discrimination.

Highlights

The fear of robots taking over due to the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence is widespread.

AI is projected to replace 300 million full-time jobs, causing anxiety among workers.

Generative AI is accessible and poses an existential threat to creatives worldwide.

Concerns about human authenticity in a world increasingly dominated by AI are growing.

The potential for AI to become uncontrollable through self-improvement is a significant fear.

AI's environmental impact, such as energy consumption and carbon emissions, is a growing concern.

Bloom, an AI model focused on ethics and sustainability, still consumes significant energy.

Large language models like GPT and Gemini have grown exponentially, increasing environmental impacts.

The energy required for AI systems primarily comes from non-renewable sources, exacerbating the climate crisis.

Solar Slice is a startup aiming to accelerate clean energy transition through large-scale solar farms.

Copyright issues surrounding AI training data, such as using YouTube videos, are extensively discussed.

Open AI's use of YouTube videos for training models raises legal and ethical questions.

The New York Times sued Open AI for copyright infringement over the use of their content in AI training.

News Corp has a licensing deal with Open AI, contrasting with the New York Times' legal action.

AI training on human-created content raises questions about artists' rights and compensation.

AI models can perpetuate societal biases, leading to issues in law enforcement and healthcare.

Content moderation for AI training involves dealing with disturbing content, impacting workers' mental health.

Tools like Spawning and Code Carbon are emerging to help manage AI's social, legal, and environmental impacts.

The need for guardrails and new regulations on artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly apparent.

Transcripts

the robots are going to take over that's

the fear isn't it with the evolution of

artificial intelligence moving at an

almost incomprehensibly Fast Pace it's

easy to understand why we get

preoccupied with this idea everywhere we

turn there's headlines about AI stealing

human jobs golden Sachs even published a

report last year saying that AI could

replace the equivalent of 300 million

full-time jobs generative AI is more

accessible than ever and workers are

anxious a price Waterhouse Cooper survey

from May 2022 found that almost onethird

of respondents were worried about their

employment roles being replaced by

technology in the next 3 years creatives

worldwide are fearful that art as we

know it faces an existential threat with

the proliferation of AI and for the

first time we're seriously asking

whether human authenticity is a

necessary part of the world anymore of

course the worst fear is that artificial

intelligence will reach a point of

self-improvement so Advanced that it

will become uncontrollable if the AI can

teach itself and Achieve Superior

intelligence to us

mere mortals what will become of our

future these doomsday scenarios are an

important part of the conversation the

truth is nobody knows what will happen

in 10 or 20 years let alone 10 and 20

minutes we can try to predict the path

that AI will take but two short years

ago we were all playing around with the

first public release of chat GPT

completely enthralled with its mere

existence and now it's just a regular

part of many people's lives besides we

don't need to preoccupy ourselves with

being controlled by robots there's

plenty Happ happening right now that

should raise some red flags generally

speaking we think advanced technology is

synonymous with sustainability but

that's not often the case there are

always trade-offs the hope is that the

technology is beneficial enough to

society and the environment that the

trade-offs are worth it and it might

feel like AI exists out there in the

cloud pinging our computers and phones

when we need it and it's not wrong

however as we all know it the cloud

isn't just floating up in the sky ai's

cloud is built of metal and silicon it's

powered by energy and every AI query

that comes through is a cost to the

planet a team of 1,000 researchers

joined together to try and address this

growing concern they created an AI model

called Bloom which stands for

biologically localized and online

One-Shot multitask learning that

emphasize ethics transparency and

consent they discovered that training

this environmentally friendly model used

as much energy as 30 homes in one year

and emitted 20 tons of carbon dioxide in

comparison to a behemoth like chat gbt

Bloom is small potatoes so AI

researchers assume that bigger models

like GPT use at least 20 times more

energy the exact number remains a

mystery though because tech companies

aren't required to disclose information

on energy consumption and not to mention

that the current Trend in AI follows the

rule of bigger is better large language

models like chat GPT and Google's Gemini

grew 2,000 times in size Over The Last 5

Years with that growth comes inevitable

and often undiscussed environmental

impacts one of these environmental

impacts is the amount of energy that

computers need to process the large

volume of information required to run

these AI systems most of this energy is

gotten from non-renewable sources which

is only worsening our climate crisis if

you want to do something about the

climate crisis then you should check out

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solar farm and the development of their

app back to our story on the other hand

the growing copyright issues surrounding

how these AI models are trained have

been discussed extensively simply stated

copyright law protects intellectual

property and content from being used or

sold without permission from the

copyright holder until recently the

implications were relatively easy to

Define and prosecute when necessary with

AI it's a different story recently open

AI was called out for using YouTube

videos to train its models these large

language models need massive amounts of

data to work effectively yes it's

important that they can answer simple

questions like what temperature to cook

chicken at but perhaps more importantly

they need to be able to generate

coherent human-like sentences but how do

they learn to talk like a human from

other humans of course but is it ethical

or legal for a company like open AI to

scrape online sources like YouTube that

might not approve of such scraping open

AI reportedly used its audio trans

description model whisper and an attempt

to get over the hump of hazy AI

copyright law the model transcribed

files from YouTube videos into plain

text documents creating the data sources

needed to train its AI chat Bots whisper

transcribed over a million hours of

YouTube videos uploaded by millions of

users some of whom derive part or all of

their income from creating content on

the platform open AI knew this was

legally questionable but believed they

could claim it was fair use of online

content open AI president Greg Brockman

was Hands-On in collecting videos used

in the training and the company

maintains that it uses publicly

available data to train its AI models

the scraping violated YouTube's rules

which ban the use of content for

applications independent of the site

interestingly Google which owns YouTube

knew about open ai's actions but didn't

report them because they are allegedly

doing some content scraping of their own

for the Gemini AI model YouTube isn't

the only company that's pushing back

against AI training in 2023 the New York

Times accused open AI of stealing

intellectual property ensued both it and

in Microsoft open ai's financial backer

for copyright

infringement with this move the times

became the first major American Media

organization to sue an artificial

intelligence company over its content

being used to train chat Bots the suit

called for companies like open AI to

destroy chatbot models and training data

that is copyrighted New York Times

material it's the first test of legal

issues around generative AI technology

and could have major implications for

training large language

models while the times understandably

has issues with his Catal of 13 billion

articles being used without permission

News Corp which owns the New York Post

and the Wall Street Journal has taken

the polar opposite approach as of May

2024 the company has a multi-year

licensing deal in place reportedly worth

$250 million that Grants open AI access

too much of its content open AI has also

Inked deals with Fox Media in the

Atlantic perhaps out of the harsh

reality artificial companies like it

will be facing moving forward all of the

major players creating these massive

language model AI programs are starting

to hit the limit of data available to

train them Google now has a deal with

Reddit to license content from the

website to train Gemini Meta Even

considered buying book publisher Simon

and Shuster and its 100 Years of

material outright so it could get access

to all of its content while these

companies fight it out over who gets

access to what there are real

implications for the people who create

this content visual artists musicians

and writers are watching their work show

up in AI texts and images this happens

when an AI is trained on certain texts

and images and learns to identify and

replicate patterns in the data when the

program is meant to generate music art

or text the data it trains on has to be

created by humans notable authors like

Jonathan Fran and George RR Martin and

John ginsum filed a lawsuit after

learning that AI had absorbed tens of

thousands of books actress and comedian

Sarah Silverman sued meta in open AI for

using her Memoir as a training text just

like chat Bots it's difficult to

identify what art has been used to train

these models because companies like open

AI which owns the popular image

generator

don't disclose their data sets others

like stability AI which owns the

generative AI model stable diffusion are

clear about which data they're using but

they are still taking artist's work

without permission or payment the legal

recourse for artists is difficult

experts are of two minds and some feel

that this type of AI training infringes

on copyright law but others feel it's

still above the board and that the

lawsuits will fail and the truth is that

nobody knows because we're in Uncharted

Territory that once seemed like merely

the subject of Science Fiction movies in

the 2013 Spike Jones movie her while

Keem Phoenix's character falls in love

with an AI virtual assistant voiced by

Scarlett Johansson 11 years later life

is imitating art after open AI announced

a new personal assistant called Sky it

was easy to notice that his voice

sounded a lot like Johansson's Sam Alman

the company's CEO has noted that her is

one of his favorite movies turns out

he'd been courting Johansson to voice

the new AI assistant but she declined

the offer after hearing Sky's voice jo

Johansson threatened a lawsuit against

open AI for actors politicians athletes

or anyone else in the public eye it's

easy to see how AI could completely

upend someone's life if their image

Voice or likeness is replicated that

upending is already happening right now

well it is clear that AI companies are

knowingly pushing the limits of

copyright law they're also inadvertently

causing even more harm whether the

companies are intentional about it AI

models are inevitably trained on the

discriminatory data littered across the

internet AI models and Cody patterns and

beliefs representing racism sexism and

other prejudices if these biases are

deployed in settings intended for use

specifically in law enforcement they can

lead to tangible damage to innocent

people for example if AI models are

shown more images of white faces than

darker skin tones they will have more

trouble identifying features of dark

skinned people if Police use AI to try

and catch criminals the odds are higher

that their systems will mistakenly

identify dark skinned individuals more

often or if AI is used to generate

friends ex sketch the model will take

all of the biases that's been fed and

spit them back out in the sketch prompts

like gang member or terrorist will

inevitably whip up a stereotype that

could totally be off the mark the

implications in law enforcement are easy

to see but they're also much further

reaching in healthcare computer aided

diagnosis systems have returned lower

accuracy results for black patients than

white patients in job applicant tracking

Amazon stopped using a highering

algorithm after it saw that the

algorithm favored words like executed

and captured which were more often found

on men's

resumés AI biases perpetuate human

societal biases and can come from

historical or current social inequality

if you ask an AI to generate an image of

a scientist it'll most likely show a

middle-aged white man with glasses what

does that say to young girls of color

who want to be

scientists these missteps Foster

mistrust among marginalized groups and

could lead to slower adoption of some AI

technology the ethical issues aren't

solely embedded in the training and use

of these models they're happening right

here in the physical world as well

content moderation is a famously

difficult job people sift through some

of the worst images descriptions and

sounds on social media platforms online

forms and Retail sites they ensure that

disturbing scenes don't wind up on our

screens or in our ears AI might be

getting smart but it doesn't self-

moderate Time Magazine did a deep dive

into a company called Sama in January

2023 Sama provided open AI with laborers

tasked with combing through some of the

worst extremist sexual and violent

content on the internet to ensure it

didn't end up in the AI training regimen

former s employees said they suffered

post-traumatic stress disorder while on

the job and after sifting through these

horrific things to make matters worse

employees mostly located in Kenya were

paid less than $2 an hour the company

claimed it was lifting people out of

poverty but the time article described

claims of the work being torture

individuals regularly had to work past

assigned hours and despite some Wellness

services offered to them many

experienced irreversible emotional

effects the narrative that AI can

eliminate workers is true but the

workers it takes to make AI possible are

still suffering so what's the solution

is there

one for artists a company called

spawning created a tool that can help

them better understand and control which

art ends up in training databases the

company stability AI does train its

models on existing text and images

available online but it's looking at

ways to ensure that creatives are paid

royalties for using their work another

tool called code carbon has emerged

which runs in parallel to AI training

and measures missions this might help

users make informed choices about which

AI model to use based on how sustainable

its operations are these are important

and worthy starts but no single tool can

solve such complex issues by creating

tools that can measure AI social legal

and environmental impacts we can start

to understand how bad these problems are

this hopefully can lead to creating

guardrails and Advising legislators on

how to develop new regulations on

artificial

intelligence it might feel like AI is

moving quickly and that's because as it

is the existential worry about robots

taking over is a fun and scary one to

entertain however we do have real issues

centered around our potential digital

overlords happening as we speak it's not

too late to find ways to create an

artificially intelligent world that we

all want to live in but users and

companies alike have to decide that path

together

[Music]