Building Privacy by Porter, Protocol Security Engineer

Summary

In this workshop from Beetle Iran Hackathon, Porter discusses the importance of privacy in blockchain, emphasizing it as a fundamental right. He explores various privacy primitives like front-running, mixers, and stealth addresses, and brainstorms innovative ideas for enhancing privacy, including private NFTs, DeFi, and gaming. The talk also touches on the significance of privacy for open societies and the potential of ZK technology in building a more private and decentralized future for blockchain applications.

Takeaways

• 🔒 Privacy as a Fundamental Right: The script emphasizes that privacy is viewed as a fundamental right in the blockchain space, and it's a right that must be asserted and defended by building it into the technology.
• 💡 Inspiration for Developers: The presentation is aimed at inspiring hackathon participants to build applications with privacy in mind, or to incorporate privacy into their existing projects.
• 🛠️ ZK-Sync Era: The talk focuses on building privacy on ZK-Sync, suggesting that this is an era where privacy solutions are being actively developed and integrated into blockchain technology.
• 💼 Vitalik's Three Transitions: The script mentions that one of the major transitions the Ethereum stack needs to undergo, as highlighted by Vitalik Buterin, is privacy.
• 🌐 Privacy for an Open Society: It references the Cypherpunk Manifesto, emphasizing the importance of privacy in an open society in the electronic age and the need for individuals to empower themselves through privacy.
• 🤝 Privacy Primitives: The script introduces basic privacy applications like front running, mixers, private accounts, and stealth addresses, which are essential tools for maintaining privacy in blockchain transactions.
• 🔄 General Themes in Privacy: It outlines general themes for building privacy, such as making transactions difficult to trace by mixing funds or keeping them separate, and using off-chain processes to enhance privacy.
• 🎮 Privacy in Gaming: The talk suggests that privacy can enhance gaming experiences by keeping certain information hidden, making games more engaging and strategic.
• 🏛️ Private DeFi and NFTs: The script explores the potential for privacy in DeFi and NFTs, discussing how privacy can be integrated into these areas to protect ownership and transaction details.
• 🗳️ Private Voting: It highlights the importance of developing private voting systems on the blockchain, which is crucial for maintaining freedom and decentralization.
• 🔑 Future of Privacy: The presenter envisions a future where all blockchain activities can be conducted privately, emphasizing the importance of privacy for the long-term success and freedom of blockchain technology.

Q & A

What is the main focus of Porter's presentation at the Beetle Iran hackathon?

The main focus of Porter's presentation is on building privacy on ZK Sync era, discussing various ideas and approaches for enhancing privacy in blockchain technology.

Why is privacy considered a fundamental right in the blockchain space according to ZK Credo?

Privacy is considered a fundamental right in the blockchain space because it is essential for individual freedom and empowerment. It should not be a gift but a right that must be asserted and defended collectively.

What are some of the major transitions that the Ethereum stack needs to undergo according to a recent post by Vitalik?

According to Vitalik, the Ethereum stack needs to undergo three major transitions: scaling, smart contract wallets, and privacy.

What is the significance of the Cypherpunk's Manifesto in the context of privacy?

The Cypherpunk's Manifesto emphasizes the importance of privacy in an open society in the electronic age, stating that privacy is vital for empowering individuals and ensuring freedom, and it is something that must be built and maintained by the community.

What are some of the basic privacy primitives mentioned in the presentation?

Some basic privacy primitives mentioned include front running, mixers like Tornado Cash for private payments, stealth addresses for anonymous transactions, and private accounts for hiding transaction amounts.

How does a mixer like Tornado Cash provide privacy for cryptocurrency transactions?

A mixer like Tornado Cash provides privacy by blending all the inputs together in a pot, making it difficult to trace the connection between the inputs and outputs, thus ensuring the privacy of the transaction outputs.

What is the concept of private NFTs and how can they enhance privacy in the context of digital collectibles?

Private NFTs can either hide the owner of the NFT or the metadata associated with it. This can be useful in scenarios such as gaming applications where the properties of a digital item might be kept hidden until certain conditions are met.

What are some challenges in building private NFTs that maintain the uniqueness of the tokens while ensuring privacy?

One challenge in building private NFTs is that, unlike fungible tokens, NFTs are unique and cannot be easily mixed in a pool like Tornado Cash. Maintaining privacy requires keeping the NFT within a private pool or finding other innovative ways to ensure the owner's privacy while allowing transfers.

What is the potential of private DeFi (Decentralized Finance) in terms of enhancing privacy in financial transactions?

Private DeFi could allow users to conduct financial transactions in a completely private manner, combining protocols like Tornado Cash with decentralized exchanges to enable privacy-preserving swaps and trades.

How can privacy be integrated into social recovery mechanisms to ensure that the process does not compromise the user's privacy?

Privacy can be integrated into social recovery mechanisms by using methods like stealth addresses, which could allow users to recover their accounts without revealing their identity or involving their friends in a privacy-compromising way.

What are some potential applications of privacy in gaming, and how can they enhance the user experience?

Privacy in gaming can be applied to hide information such as the properties of in-game items or the strategies used by players. This can make games more engaging by introducing elements of mystery and preventing the easy replication of successful strategies.

What is the importance of private voting applications in ensuring the integrity and freedom of the voting process?

Private voting applications are crucial for ensuring that votes remain anonymous while still being verifiable and secure. This is essential for maintaining trust in the voting process and preventing manipulation or coercion.

How can private reputation systems work in a privacy-focused blockchain ecosystem?

Private reputation systems could allow users to build and demonstrate their credibility without revealing sensitive personal information. This can be achieved through cryptographic techniques that prove attributes or behaviors without disclosing underlying data.

What are some of the infrastructure-level privacy solutions discussed in the presentation?

Infrastructure-level privacy solutions include private block proposing, network layer privacy enhancements, and privacy at the protocol level. These solutions aim to make the entire blockchain ecosystem more private and resistant to censorship.

What is the potential impact of private block proposing on the MEV (Miner Extractable Value) issue in blockchain?

Private block proposing could be a significant solution to the MEV issue by obscuring the contents of a block until it is confirmed on-chain. This would prevent miners from selectively including or excluding transactions based on their content, promoting a more fair and decentralized blockchain.

Outlines

00:00

🎤 Introduction to Privacy in Blockchain

The script opens with a welcome to a workshop on privacy within the context of the ZK Sync era hackathon. The presenter, Porter, is set to discuss the importance of privacy and brainstorm ideas for the hackathon participants to explore. The central theme is the necessity of privacy as a fundamental right in the blockchain space, as outlined in the ZK Credo. The talk aims to inspire participants to incorporate privacy into their projects and to highlight the importance of privacy for open societies in the digital age, referencing the Cypherpunk's Manifesto.

05:02

🛡️ Privacy Primitives and Technical Discussion

This paragraph delves into the technical aspects of privacy in blockchain, introducing privacy primitives such as front-running, mixers like Tornado Cash, and the concept of privacy pools. It discusses the challenges of maintaining privacy, such as the need for uniform transaction sizes in mixers and the use of stealth addresses for enhanced privacy. The speaker also touches on the simplicity of some privacy solutions, suggesting that complex cryptography is not always necessary and that privacy can be achieved through smart design principles.

10:03

🏦 Privacy Applications Beyond Basic Transactions

The speaker expands on privacy beyond the basics of transaction privacy, exploring applications such as private NFTs, where ownership or metadata can be hidden, and private DeFi, which could integrate with protocols like Tornado Cash for privacy in financial transactions. The paragraph also introduces the concept of hidden information games, which could enhance the gaming experience by keeping certain aspects of the game hidden from players, and the potential for private social recovery mechanisms that maintain privacy while recovering lost access to accounts.

15:04

🗳️ Advanced Privacy Concepts and Use Cases

This section discusses advanced privacy concepts such as private voting, which would allow for secure and anonymous voting on the blockchain, and private reputation systems that could be used for obtaining loans or other services without revealing transaction details. The speaker also considers the potential for private identity verification, where individuals can selectively reveal information to third parties, and the challenges of maintaining privacy in social recovery and account abstraction.

20:07

🌐 Future of Privacy and Closing Remarks

In the final paragraph, the speaker envisions a future where all blockchain activities can be conducted privately and emphasizes the importance of privacy for maintaining decentralization and censorship resistance. They encourage builders to explore privacy solutions and offer assistance for those interested in developing privacy-focused applications. The speaker concludes by inviting questions and providing contact information for further discussion, highlighting the ongoing conversation around privacy in the blockchain community.

🤔 Q&A and Further Exploration of Privacy Solutions

The script concludes with a Q&A session where the audience shows interest in privacy solutions similar to Aztec's ZK money. The speaker acknowledges the work of Aztec and the importance of compliant versus non-compliant privacy protocols. They invite further discussion and exploration of privacy solutions, emphasizing the need for privacy in various blockchain applications and the potential for builders to contribute to this space.

Keywords

💡Privacy

Privacy in the context of this video refers to the ability to keep certain information or transactions hidden from public view, especially within the blockchain space. It is a fundamental right that the speaker believes must be asserted and defended. The video discusses various ways to achieve privacy on the blockchain, such as through ZK-Sync, a scaling solution developed by Matter Labs.

💡ZK-Sync

ZK-Sync is a technology that enables privacy on the blockchain by allowing transactions to be verified without revealing their contents. It is a part of the Ethereum stack and is mentioned in the video as a platform where participants can build privacy-focused applications.

💡ZK Credo

The ZK Credo is a set of principles written by the team at Matter Labs, which emphasizes the importance of privacy as a fundamental right in the blockchain space. It is mentioned in the video as a motivational foundation for building privacy solutions.

💡Ethereum Stack

The Ethereum Stack refers to the layers of technologies built on top of the Ethereum blockchain. The video mentions that Ethereum needs to undergo several transitions, one of which is privacy, to enhance its capabilities.

💡Cypherpunk Manifesto

The Cypherpunk Manifesto is a document that advocates for strong cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies. It is cited in the video as a source of inspiration for the importance of privacy and the need for individuals to take action to protect it.

💡Front Running

Front running in the context of the video refers to the practice of using privacy techniques to obscure the owner of a cryptocurrency to prevent others from tracing transactions. It is one of the privacy primitives discussed, where privacy is achieved by mixing funds to hide the source and destination of transactions.

💡Mixer

A mixer, as mentioned in the video, is a service that mixes funds from multiple sources to obscure the trail of transactions. Tornado Cash is an example of a mixer that provides privacy by blending transactions together so that it's difficult to link inputs to outputs.

💡Stealth Addresses

Stealth addresses are a privacy feature that allows users to generate a new address for each transaction without interaction, providing the same privacy as using a fresh address every time. They are highlighted in the video as a method to enhance privacy on the blockchain.

💡Private NFTs

Private NFTs, as discussed in the video, are non-fungible tokens that have privacy features. They could either hide the owner of the NFT or the metadata associated with it, providing a way to maintain privacy in digital collectibles and gaming.

💡DeFi

DeFi, or Decentralized Finance, refers to financial services that are built on blockchain technology and operate without traditional intermediaries. The video suggests the potential for combining privacy techniques with DeFi to enable private transactions within this space.

💡Social Recovery

Social recovery is a method of regaining access to a cryptocurrency wallet by involving a group of trusted individuals. The video discusses the potential for privacy to be integrated into social recovery mechanisms to ensure that the process does not compromise the user's privacy.

💡Private Voting

Private voting is a concept where individuals can cast votes on the blockchain without revealing their vote or identity. The video emphasizes the importance of developing private voting applications to ensure freedom and privacy in future democratic processes.

💡Homomorphic Encryption

Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption that allows computations to be performed on ciphertexts, producing an encrypted result which, when decrypted, matches the result of operations performed on the plaintext. The video suggests that this technology could be used to build privacy applications on the blockchain.

Highlights

Introduction to a workshop focusing on privacy in the context of the ZK Sync era and brainstorming ideas for hackathon participants.

The ZK Credo emphasizes privacy as a fundamental right in the blockchain space, needing to be asserted and defended collectively.

Vitalik Buterin's perspective on privacy as one of the three major transitions the Ethereum stack needs to undergo.

The Cypherpunk's Manifesto advocating for privacy as essential for an open society in the electronic age.

Privacy primitives such as front running, mixers like Tornado Cash, and the concept of privacy pools.

The introduction of stealth addresses for enhanced transaction privacy without additional interaction from the user.

The potential of simple design principles in achieving privacy, alongside complex cryptographic methods.

General themes in building privacy, such as making transactions untraceable and keeping processes separate.

The idea of private NFTs, including hiding ownership and metadata for unique digital assets.

Private DeFi and the potential for combining privacy with various tokens and decentralized finance protocols.

The concept of hidden information games and how they can enhance the gaming experience in blockchain applications.

The importance of privacy in social recovery mechanisms to avoid compromising user privacy during recovery processes.

Selective revelation of information to third parties as a method of private identity verification.

The challenges and potential solutions for private voting, ensuring the integrity and privacy of the voting process.

The concept of private reputation and how it can be built and utilized in a privacy-centric blockchain environment.

Network layer privacy and its role in obscuring transaction origins, potentially combating censorship.

The future of privacy envisioning a blockchain ecosystem where all current functionalities are available in a more private manner.

Encouragement for builders to create privacy-focused applications, emphasizing the importance of privacy for blockchain's future.

Invitation for participants to engage with the presenter on Twitter for further discussions on privacy building.

Transcripts

well hello everyone welcome to another

Workshop from Beetle Iran hackathon

today we have Porter who will give a

presentation around privacy as it is in

Kira so welcome further and yeah feel

free to share the screen

and we're good to go

all right thank you

here we go

um so yeah this talk is about building

privacy on ZK sync era it's mostly just

brainstorming ideas of things that

hackathon participants could build and a

few approaches and then yeah we'll get

towards what I think the future of

privacy will look like at the end so

yeah just starting with a little

motivation though and the meat of the

talk is just a bunch of different ideas

and just some goals are that I hope that

one you get inspired to maybe build

something with privacy and then two

maybe if you already have something that

you're working on

um you might be like excited to maybe

incorporate some privacy into whatever

you're building and

great so starting with the motivation

um at CK sync we wrote the ZK Credo it

says in the blockchain space

privacy viewed as a fundamental right

part of this challenge is uniquely

addressed by ZK privacy shouldn't be a

gift given to us it's fundamental right

that we must assert and defend together

um so that privacy doesn't happen unless

we build it so

like let's go build it uh just a few

different perspectives on like why

privacy also vitalik has recently posted

about the three major transitions that

ethereum stack needs to undergo one of

them is I'll do scaling which obviously

we're working on here at matter Labs

um smart contract wallets I think

there's been several other like talks

and ideas about that and I'm going to

focus on the third filler which is

privacy

and one last motivation is that privacy

is necessary for an open Society in the

electronic age from the cypherpunk's

manifesto I know not everyone knows

their cyberpunk history but if you

haven't read The Cypher Puck Manifesto

now's a good time it's only one page

long and basically talks about how no

one's going to build this stuff for us

if we really want to protect each other

and there's a lot of crazy stuff

happening in the world right now privacy

is very important for empowering

individuals and freedom and so I believe

in it a lot and it's very important that

we build this because no one else will

build it for us

all right kicking off with that's enough

fluffy stuff we'll get to the technical

things now some privacy Primitives so

these are kind of the basic privacy

applications that I think most people

will know ahead of time

um front wine is you just hide the owner

of oh this is all blockchain related you

hide the owner of the crypto whichever

token that someone has uh you can throw

it through a mixer like tornado cache

and the idea of a mixer is sort of all

the money Blends together in a pot and

the inputs aren't connected to the

outputs and so you can get privacy of

the outputs because you can't tie who

paid and to who received together so you

can kind of get private payments this

way one challenge of this though is that

you need sort of all the payment sizes

to be the same so if everyone's paying

in like one ether you need to also take

out one ether you can't do payments of

size like

0.3 ether

um although you can kind of break it up

into same size transactions but

um

it's not perfect there's there's some

disadvantages too anyways you can also

hide the amount stuff like private

accounts and Nocturne which is real

estate in ethereum recently this is like

kind of a different form of privacy

where you're not hiding maybe who's

transacting to who but instead you're

hiding the amount of money that was sent

and this can be very nice for stuff like

if you're receiving your salary or

paycheck on the blockchain you might not

want everyone in the world to know

exactly how much money it was received

but you might want it to be open that

you know matter Labs paid Porter his

paycheck this week

just if you haven't seen stealth

addresses before vitalik has another

really good blog post on them basically

self addresses give the same privacy

properties as Bob generating a fresh

address for each transaction but without

requiring any interaction from Bob and

on the right is like a big diagram you

don't have to go through the whole thing

right now

um but just at a high level basically

Bob creates this like extra address it

could be like an ANS the name domain

name or just another ethereum address

and Alice can send things to the stealth

address and it will be controlled by Bob

and but no one else can really tell that

it's controlled by Bob or who owns it

they're they're kind of two reasons I

wanted to bring this up one is like

stealth addresses are cool and if you do

want to go build stuff with it like

actual stealth addresses you can

the other thing to think about is that

using all of this complicated stuff on

the right you get the same property as

if Bob just used a fresh address every

single time and so another way to make

this happen is like you can skip all of

the cryptography and just make a wallet

that's like way more friendly for using

a fresh address every single transaction

uh requires a little extra work and

Alice has to know like where to send the

money but

um

a lot of these privacy applications can

be built with ZK and homomorphic

encryption on all this fancy

cryptography but they can also be built

with just some sort of simple design

principles which I think is pretty cool

that you could do either way

so all right one quick slide on just

some general themes they see when

building privacy and things

um the the goal is usually just to make

it difficult to trace between stuff and

you can mix everything together like in

tornado cash all the money ends up in

one pot and so you can't tell which

withdrawals are tied to a which

depositors

another thing is just keep everything

separate so like I just talked about you

could keep like every single transaction

separate every single input output

separate

um it actually ends up looking quite

similar to the utxo model

um as opposed to the account model and

if you just keep everything completely

separate then like

there's no sort of like account history

there's no way to tell who owns what

this is actually satoshi's idea of how

privacy would work on bitcoin but turns

out maybe because of the wallet

challenges right now almost everyone

uses the same address all the time which

builds up like account history and

people can tell like all kinds of things

about you but if you always were using a

different address then

uh they wouldn't be able to know one

other way to get privacy is to isolate

processes to relay stuff off chain and

then back on this can be quite nice if

like maybe you don't want to post a

certain transaction yourself but you

need something to happen you could have

a relay where you bounce it through some

off-chain Network and then it can pop

back on

um oh I have a comment it's also like

with an encryption where every next

message is encrypted with the new key as

long as it's sending a receiver and sync

exactly yeah that's a great way to think

about this good comment

cool all right privacy beyond the basics

I think most of the things so far kind

of

things that are very common in the

blockchain space are talked about some

other things that I would be excited to

see built or played with more are things

like private nfts I'm just going to run

through a bunch of examples now uh where

you could you could hide the owner

similar to like hiding who's the owner

of a token uh it's a little challenging

because the nfts are like unique and so

there's only one of them and so like if

you

just like naively tried to do a tornado

cache with an NFD like the nft goes in

one side and like it's it can't really

get mixed up because there's only one of

it and then it comes out the other side

and slowly everyone can tell which

transaction was made directly

so you kind of need to like keep the nft

within the private pool or something to

continuously hide the owner but still

allow transfers there's some interesting

probably ways to make that happen the

other completely separate way thing you

could do with private nfts is hide the

metadata this can be very interesting

especially as we get towards like gaming

applications where you might want to

have like a hidden item in game and it

should be an nft but maybe no one knows

like you know what the stats are on this

item maybe it's very rare maybe it's not

but you can kind of hide the metadata

and maybe it gets revealed if certain

other things happen

private defy like I mentioned could you

combine say tornado cash with the decks

so you're not stuck just with maybe

ether maybe you can switch to different

tokens and basically

the like dream state is you can do all

of DFI in a completely private way and

um that there are lots of cool ways of

sort of like mixing combining some of

these protocols together

next we'll talk more about private

gaming

um yeah hidden information games is one

of the first things that was kind of

alluding to earlier where most video

games and games in general are fun

because you don't know everything that's

happening there's some information

that's like hidden from some of the

players not everyone knows like all of

the stuff and so I think that's actually

hot take one of the reasons why

blockchain gaming kind of hasn't been

too successful yet is if you kind of

know absolutely everything a lot of

times the optimal strategy is very

obvious and then there's kind of not

much in the game to do besides just like

routinely do the optimal strategy so

anyways unknown stuff makes it way more

fun a lot more things going on

especially like I talked about the items

that maybe you don't know what their

properties are

um having hidden information makes games

more fun and then separately hidden

strategy games

um can be very cool if you remember

there was a um it was like a racing game

recently I forget who hosted it but it

was like a CTF Style game and

contestants are all basically writing an

algorithm and then competing against

each other

now if your algorithm is

sorry excuse me

I'm at Starbucks

if your algorithm is public knowledge

and public information then everyone can

just copy the best person's algorithm

and they'll start winning too this

actually applies outside of gaming to

Mev Mev strategies where if you have

some like Arbitrage or like yeah some

thing that you're searching for

if your strategy is public then other

people will start catching on and

mimicking it if you can keep your

strategy private then

um

basically you can be successful much

longer which is very interesting a lot

of these privacy ideas like the same

idea applies in gaming and Meb and like

you can kind of take

it and take stuff and apply it in a new

way which is fun

all right private social here's

something that I'd really like to see

Bill is social recovery uh maybe with

stealth addresses so if I need to

socially my recover my address do I lose

my privacy because I'm probably just

asking like my five best friends to help

me like social recover my address and

like even if I'm super secret and super

safe my five friends probably aren't

everyone's like not not everyone's like

as big on privacy and so if you can do

some form of like social recovery or

like account abstraction like and just

keep things private along the way as

much as possible that would be very very

cool and if you are building this let me

know I would love to test it out

uh private identity how can I

selectively reveal information to third

parties is actually everyone talks about

like the the passport use case or like

your ID at a bar and you're proving that

you're over a certain age

um I think more and more stuff will

start to be like on chain

um one problem that I've thought about

for a long time is digital credentials I

would love to prove say for example that

I graduated from college and but maybe I

don't specify which college I went to uh

being able to have some facts about

myself and then prove them to a third

party uh would be cool and it's not very

like I don't know of an easy way to do

this yet even though everyone seems to

talk about this idea it hasn't been

built out too much

private voting how can I vote without

revealing my vote or giving away my

address I think this is like almost

mandatory for the future like someone

needs to build this there have been a

few tries on ethereum but some of the

schemes get a little complicated or it's

expensive maybe you have to move off

chain

um

I don't think like it's really like a

solved thing yet I think there's lots of

room to build uh Better Private voting

applications

and yeah this is like absolutely crucial

to like if you want freedom in the

future and like us to vote on anything

that's important ever like we need

um

do I know specific projects that tried

to build private voting applications the

main one is from nounsdale if you're

familiar with nouns they hosted a

um like they've funded some people to

build some private voting applications I

think Aztec and Poseidon and some other

group are are drafting up some

candidates right now and it's

interesting to just scroll through the

list of proposals for nounsdale it's on

their website of everyone who was like

posting different ideas on how to build

this

so yeah check out the nounsdale private

voting application if all right contest

if that's your um

if you're interested in this one

private reputation uh how can we build

reputation if everything is private I

would love for for example like all of

my money transfers to be private on

chain but then if I want a loan maybe I

need some form of reputation or a proof

that I'm like have some facts about me

and so it's kind of interesting because

reputation is more of like a public

social thing and then privacy is like

more of like an individual like hiding

from the public thing and so fitting

these two together

is kind of tricky this this one does

seem like a little more far out because

most people don't have too much

information on chain yet and so like

reputation schemes by themselves I feel

like haven't taken off very much

um but eventually I don't know it'd be

cool to have private reputation

some combination of this stuff a few

more topics

um obviously an entire like private L3

would be really cool to see

um that'd be a lot of work but if you're

interested let me know I would love to

help or talk with you

Network layer privacy I mentioned

briefly sort of relaying things off

chain especially with things like fee

pairs

um you can sort of relay your

transaction through someone else and

that can help obscure for example maybe

you can't like

say there comes a time where one country

tries to like block all transactions to

the blockchain you might be able to send

your transaction to someone else in

another country and then they can post

it on the blockchain for you and

basically there are all kinds of like

Network layers

situations where having privacies lead

very useful very important

and then private block proposing

building this is around like you know

who gets to create the next part of the

chain and if

if it stays private then like it ends up

kind of being more decentralized a lot

of times when it's public that's when

you get more censorship and picking and

choosing of transactions but if things

are private like you don't really know

whether you should censor it or not like

if you're a government you're trying to

censor things but everything's private

like and if you can't really you won't

succeed so

these are more like

slightly off-chain or like they're not

applications they're more like

infrastructure and outside stuff

um so that you can apply privacy at

pretty much any level of the stack

um

can private block proposing be a

solution to Mev issues yes yes that's

one of the big Solutions being

considered is

they have private block proposing and

only once a block is confirmed on chain

then it gets revealed what was inside

the block later

it's a little challenging because you

need to like make sure that you can

prove that all the transactions are

valid but because things are moving on

the blockchain the transaction that's

valid right now might not be valid later

say if the fees go up too much and now

you can't pay for something

so it's a little tricky to do in

practice but there's a lot of good ideas

around it and I think now is like a good

time to really start trying to like

build this or test build this

and if everyone especially has ideas of

this like on an L2 or L3 that'd be

really cool to see

cool so yeah building privacy on zq sync

check out our docs we have several

tutorials and things lots of ways to

build there have been some other really

good talks on building I just want to

see privacy things the most and so yeah

if you're building like please talk to

me let me know message me on Twitter

the last thing that I'll end with is

what do I think privacy will look like

in the future

one simple thing is just that everything

we can do on blockchain today it would

be amazing if we could do all the same

stuff but in a more private way

uh I think it's all technically possible

it just takes Builders like you guys to

make it happen and

long-term yeah I think this is super

important for like if you want

blockchain to stay decentralized and

censorship resistant and have a lot of

those properties and a lot of freedom

then we absolutely need this like we're

ever going to vote for anything

important on chain if we're ever going

to do like have a lot of financial

transactions on chain even for like the

companies and the countries to move on

chain even they want to keep some stuff

private so I think no matter what

privacy is meant pretty mandatory for

the future and so now is a great time to

build something

any questions

no we kind of answered some as we went

but yeah thank you all if you do have

questions later if you're watching the

recording message me on Twitter's best

place to find me or contact any of our

team at matter labs

thanks thank you Porter thank you

everyone for joining well see you in the

next workshop and yes Reach Out reach us

out at CJ Singh wherever in any channel

we are there so yeah thank you a lot

um sorry

um I have a question yes

um I'm quite new to that please privacy

is something I'm um I'm very curious

about and um I'm a big fan of Aztec and

um and what they have done with the ZK

money I was using it just just for the

sake of playing around do you know any

other

um I think you mentioned some other

companies but do you know any specific

apps which are kind of doing similar

things just to explore and and so on I

mean like not not just um not just for

the sake of example you know but

something which is really useful uh on

the same level as the city money

I'm not too familiar with everything

that's happening in Aztec I I think they

do really cool work

um I read a lot of their papers and

stuff from their cryptography team

specific applications I don't know too

many like privacy focused ones yet

um if

yeah if you have like if you narrow it

down to like a specific topic there's so

many areas for privacy but just on ZK

money yeah I think Nocturne is probably

one oh one thing I didn't bring up is

just the whole like compliant versus

non-compliant privacy uh it's possible

to build compliance into your privacy

protocol it's also possible to choose

not to build compliance in

um

but so

yeah I think like basic money transfers

is kind of the most common and it's a

lot of like tornado cash followed by its

version two is called privacy pools and

then knock turn on ethereum and and yeah

stick out some good stuff too if I think

of any more

um if you want to like send me your

contact information they can I can talk

to you later more

okay sure thanks

yes and for questions to make it like a

one source of truth if you are part of

our telegram group uh us in our join us

there or you will see the telegram group

on bitterbox but yes thank you so much

Porter for the presentation I loved it

and have a great day everyone