How to Become Luckier - An Evidence-Based Guide

Summary

视频脚本讨论了如何通过积极的方法在生活中增加好运。心理学家理查德·怀斯曼的《运气因素》一书通过研究揭示了自认为幸运和不幸的人之间的差异，并提出了四个基本原则和五个实用的策略来提高个人的幸运度。这些策略包括创造机会、建立人际网络、变得更易于接近、设定乐观目标以及从积极的角度看待问题。

Takeaways

• 📚 《运气因素》一书由心理学教授理查德·怀斯曼在2002年出版，他通过研究上千人，探讨了自认为幸运、不幸或中立的人之间的差异。
• 🔍 幸运的人创造并抓住生活中的偶然机会，他们更灵活、开放，愿意尝试新事物并从中找出有效的方法。
• 🌟 外向的人往往更幸运，因为他们更愿意与人交流，这可能导致更多幸运的机遇。
• 💡 放松的人更可能注意到并抓住周围的机会，而焦虑和防御性的态度可能会阻碍这种机会的出现。
• 🧠 幸运的人通过直觉和直觉做出成功的决策，他们倾向于信任自己的直觉，并将其视为重要信号。
• 🎯 乐观的期望有助于实现梦想和抱负，这种自我实现的预言被称为皮格马利翁效应。
• 💪 幸运的人在面对不幸时展现出强大的恢复力，能够将坏运气转化为好运。
• 📓 创建一个幸运日记可以帮助我们更好地注意到并感激生活中的幸运时刻。
• 🤝 建立一个幸运网络，通过每周与一个陌生人交谈或重新联系一个久未联系的人来增加幸运的机会。
• 🤗 成为一个更易于接近的人，通过友好和开放的身体语言吸引幸运的事件。
• 🎯 设定乐观的目标，即使目标雄心勃勃，也要享受旅程并保持对结果的非执着态度。
• 🌈 总是寻找事物的积极面，将失败视为学习机会，这有助于从不幸中恢复并变得更加坚韧。

Q & A

《运气因素》这本书是关于什么的？

《运气因素》这本书是由心理学教授理查德·怀斯曼在2002年出版的，书中探讨了人们自评为幸运、不幸或中性的原因，并通过实验研究了这些人群在思考和行为上的差异。

理查德·怀斯曼在书中提出了哪些基本原则来增加生活中的运气？

理查德·怀斯曼在书中提出了四个基本原则来增加运气：1) 幸运的人创造并抓住生活中的偶然机会；2) 他们通过直觉和直觉做出成功的决策；3) 他们对未来的期望帮助他们实现梦想和抱负；4) 他们具有韧性，能够将不幸转化为好运。

为什么外向的人往往更幸运？

外向的人更幸运是因为他们更愿意与陌生人交谈，结识更多的人，这自然会导致更多的幸运机会出现。

为什么放松的人比焦虑的人更可能遇到幸运的机会？

放松的人更可能注意到周围的机会，因为他们不是处于防御状态，而是以一种更开放的心态去观察和接受机会。

如何通过直觉和直觉来做出更好的决策？

通过信任自己的直觉和直觉，当出现强烈的感觉时，将其视为一种信号，认真对待并据此做出决策。心理学中的直觉通常被视为潜意识大脑给我们的信号，它能够捕捉到我们意识不到的模式和数据。

什么是皮格马利翁效应，它如何影响一个人的运气？

皮格马利翁效应是指人们对他人的期望能够影响后者的表现。在运气的背景下，乐观和高期望可以成为自我实现的预言，帮助人们在面对失败时继续前进，从而变得更幸运和更成功。

如何通过创建幸运日记来增加生活中的幸运机会？

创建幸运日记类似于感恩日记，通过每天记录下感激之情或发生的好事，帮助人们注意到生活中的幸运机会，并可能改变人们的自我感知。

为什么建立一个幸运网络对增加运气很重要？

建立一个幸运网络意味着通过与不同的人建立联系来增加遇到偶然机会的可能性。通过每周至少与一个新人交谈或与一个久未联系的人重新建立联系，可以增加幸运事件的发生。

如何通过改变身体语言来变得更易于接近？

通过保持友好、开放的身体语言，微笑并对他人表示温暖，可以吸引他人与你交谈，从而增加幸运事件发生的机会。

设置乐观目标与悲观目标在实现目标上有何不同？

设置乐观目标的人更有可能朝着实现目标的方向努力，并且比设置悲观目标的人更有可能实现目标。但同时，重要的是享受过程，并对结果保持非执着态度。

为什么在困难时期寻找事物的积极面可以帮助人们变得更有韧性？

在困难时期寻找积极面，比如将失败视为学习机会，可以帮助人们从负面事件中反弹回来，变得更有韧性，这是许多研究表明的幸运人士共有的特质。

Outlines

00:00

📚 幸运的四个原则

本段介绍了《幸运的因素》一书，该书由心理学家理查德·怀斯曼于2002年出版。书中通过研究自我评价为幸运、不幸和中性的超过一千人，总结出了四个基本原则，帮助人们在生活中创造更多的幸运。这些原则包括：幸运的人创造并抓住生活中的偶然机会；他们信任自己的直觉和直觉反应；他们对未来有积极的期望，帮助实现梦想和抱负；他们具有韧性，能够将不幸转化为好运。

05:01

🤝 构建幸运网络和提高可接近性

本段讨论了如何通过建立人际网络和提高个人可接近性来增加幸运的机会。作者提到，幸运的人倾向于建立广泛的社交网络，并通过与人交流来增加幸运事件的发生。文中还介绍了两种练习——“连接四”和“联系游戏”，旨在帮助人们扩大社交圈并保持联系，从而提高幸运的机会。此外，作者强调了保持乐观态度和设定积极目标的重要性。

10:01

🎯 设定幸运目标和保持积极心态

本段进一步探讨了如何通过设定目标和保持积极心态来增加幸运。建议设定乐观而非悲观的目标，并强调了享受实现目标的过程与达到目标本身同等重要。此外，提倡在面对困难时寻找积极的一面，将失败视为学习和成长的机会，这样可以帮助人们从不幸中恢复并变得更加坚韧。

Keywords

💡幸运因子

幸运因子是理查德·怀斯曼教授在2002年出版的一本书，探讨了人们如何通过不同的方式提升生活中的幸运度。在视频中，幸运因子是理解如何变得更幸运的核心概念，作者通过研究区分自认为幸运、不幸和中性的人，提出了一些基本原则和策略。

💡机会

机会在视频中指的是那些偶然出现，可能带来积极结果的事件或情况。幸运的人擅长发现并抓住这些机会，而不幸的人则可能因为过于关注计划和确定性而错失它们。例如，视频中提到幸运的人会灵活地看待目标，利用机会来实现它们。

💡直觉

直觉在视频中被描述为一种内在的、潜意识的信号，它可以指导人们做出决策。幸运的人倾向于信任自己的直觉，而这种直觉在心理学中被视为潜意识大脑对外界模式的识别。例如，视频中提到90%自认为幸运的人会信任他们的直觉，并在职业中重视直觉的作用。

💡乐观

乐观是指对未来持有积极态度和高期望的心态。在视频中，乐观被视为一种自我实现的预言，它可以帮助人们实现梦想和抱负。例如，通过皮格马利翁效应，教师的高期望可以提高学生的表现，这表明乐观的期望可以带来更幸运和更成功的结果。

💡弹性

弹性是指在面对逆境时能够迅速恢复和适应的能力。视频中提到，幸运的人在遇到不幸时能够展现出极高的弹性，将坏运气转化为好运。例如，视频中讲述了一个名叫“幸运先生”的人，他因为摔断腿而遇到了真爱，从而将不幸转变为幸运。

💡幸运日记

幸运日记是一种记录每天发生的幸运事件的习惯，它帮助人们注意到并感激生活中的好运。视频中提到，通过写幸运日记，人们可以建立一个记录自己幸运的书面记录，从而改变自我认知，提高对机会的敏感度。

💡人际网络

人际网络在视频中被强调为增加幸运机会的一种方式。通过建立和维护广泛的社交联系，人们可以遇到更多偶然的、可能带来好运的互动。例如，视频中提到通过每周至少与一个陌生人交谈或重新联系一个久未联系的人来扩展幸运网络。

💡亲和力

亲和力是指一个人在社交互动中显得友好、开放和温暖，从而吸引他人接近和交流的能力。视频中提到，幸运的人通常更具有亲和力，他们的身体语言和乐观态度使他们更容易遇到幸运事件。

💡目标设定

目标设定是视频中讨论的一种策略，用于通过设定乐观而非悲观的目标来增加幸运。研究表明，设定高远的目标可以激励人们更努力工作，并更有可能实现这些目标。例如，视频中建议在设定目标时保持乐观，但同时认识到旅程比目的地更重要。

💡积极心态

积极心态是指在面对生活中的困难和挑战时，能够看到事物积极一面的态度。视频中提到，通过专注于发生的好事，即使是在坏事发生后，也能帮助人们从失败中恢复并变得更加坚韧。例如，通过感恩日记和其他实践，人们可以培养积极心态，从而增加幸运。

Highlights

《运气因素》一书由心理学教授理查德·怀斯曼于2002年出版，研究了自认为幸运、不幸和中性的超过一千人之间的差异。

幸运的人会创造并抓住生活中的偶然机会。

幸运的人倾向于更灵活，没有固定计划，而是根据情况调整行动。

外向的人因为更多地与人交流，所以更可能遇到幸运的机会。

放松的人比焦虑的人更容易看到并抓住机会。

对新体验开放的人更容易遇到幸运的突破。

幸运的人通过直觉和直觉来做决策。

心理学中的直觉被看作是潜意识对我们无法意识到的事物的信号。

乐观和高期望有助于实现梦想和抱负，这是自我实现的预言。

皮格马利翁效应表明，高期望可以提高个人表现。

幸运的人能够将不幸转化为好运，展现出极高的韧性。

马丁·塞利格曼指出，乐观主义者能够更好地经受生活风暴并从中恢复。

创建幸运日记可以帮助我们注意到生活中的幸运机会。

建立幸运网络，通过与人交流增加遇到幸运事件的机会。

成为更易接近的人可以增加幸运事件的发生。

设定乐观的目标，即使目标很高，也更有可能实现。

看到事物的光明面，即使在困难中也要寻找积极的一面。

通过感恩日记等方式，专注于生活中发生的好事。

Transcripts

is it possible to do things to actively

become luckier in life well the answer

is apparently yes that is what this book

talks about the luck factor which is

what we're talking about in this episode

of book club the ongoing Series where we

distill and discuss highlights and

summaries from some of my favorite books

now the luck factor is a book that was

published in 2002 by psychology

Professor Richard Wiseman who I actually

had on my deep dive podcast recently and

he's done a bunch of studies on over a

thousand people that look at the

differences between people that rate

themselves as lucky versus unlucky

versus neutral and through those

experiments him and his research team

have come up with a few foundational

principles and a few strategies that all

of us can apply to our lives from today

to substantially increase the amount of

luck that we have in our lives anyway in

this video we're going to first talk

about the four principles for creating

luck and then we're going to go through

five evidence-based tips for actually

implementing these in practice and he's

got 12 of these tips in the book but

these are five of my favorite ones part

one the four luck principles the first

luck principle is that lucky people

create notice and act upon the chance

opportunities in their life so these are

the principles the different ways in

which people lucky which lucky people

think and behave so we have the open to

Opportunities and when those

opportunities come along they make the

most of them and you saw that all the

time they're very flexible so they've

got an end point they knew they wanted

to I don't know be successful or you

know financially uh well off or whatever

it was but the way they were going to

get there they didn't really know they

were looking at the way the wind was

blowing and then setting sail to make

the most of that very flexible so lucky

people tend to be happier to try out

stuff and then figure out what works

whereas unlucky people on the other hand

I.E the people in richer studies who

have rated themselves as unlucky when

he's done all these correlations to

figure out what separates lucky people

from unlucky people the people who are

unlucky tended to be the ones that

focused on planning and trying to get

certainty about decisions before

actually making the decisions and so

generally enriched studies the sorts of

people who had more outgoing

personalities who exposed themselves to

opportunities for Lucky events to happen

to them and then took advantage of those

lucky events those were the people that

kind of rated themselves as luck here

and then were also happier in all the

kind of Life satisfaction surveys that

he and his team did interestingly people

who were more extroverted tended to be

luckier because they just met more

people and after struck up conversations

with strangers and coffee shops and that

kind of thing and tends to lead to more

lucky breaks in your life people who are

more relaxed also tend to be luckier so

the more stressed and anxious you are

the more like defensive you are in the

way that you approach life whereas if

you can take a deep breath and generally

approach life in a more relaxed fashion

then you're more likely to be able to

see kind of the things in your

peripheral vision as it were and take

advantage of those opportunities and

thirdly if you're the sort of person

who's more open to new experiences novel

experiences and new things also tend to

lead to luckier breaks in life you tend

not to get very lucky when you're

focused on just doing exactly the same

thing you've always done because you

like your routine or whatever you tend

to become luckier when you start to

become open to new experiences the

second luck principle is that lucky

people make successful Decisions by

using their intuitions and gut feelings

second they tend to trust their

intuition and when they get that gut

feeling they really do treat it as an

alarm Bell and take it quite seriously

now when Richard ran these studies

comparing lucky and unlucky people he

found that 90 of people who identified

as lucky tended to trust their intuition

and 80 of them said that intuition and

gut feeling played a really important

role in their career now this intuition

stuff can sound a bit Rogue sometimes

but when they talk about intuition in

the field of psychology they often treat

it rather than as a mystical magical

thing it's more like the subconscious

parts of our brain giving us a signal

about something that we can't

consciously appreciate and the theory

behind this is that our subconscious

brains can pick up on patterns and stuff

in the outside world and can pick up on

data that our conscious brains just

don't have the computing power or

awareness to be able to process and so

when you get like a bad feeling or a bad

Vibe about something that's like your

subconscious integrating tons and tons

of signals into that particular Vibe

check and so you can use that seriously

as an alarm Bell to not do something or

if you get a really good feeling about

something you can tend to use that as a

good feeling for doing something the

third luck principle is that lucky

people's expectations about the future

help them fulfill their dreams and

Ambitions third they're optimists and so

that becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy

they kind of continue in the face of

failure and so on and the reason why

optimism and high expectations tend to

lead to you being luckier and more

successful in life is because of

something called the Pygmalion effect

and this came from an absolutely classic

study that was done in 1968 by Harvard

psychologists and they looked at the

roles of how teachers expectations

affected the performance of their

students so these psychologists got a

bunch of school kids to do a test and

then they told them that the test would

identify who the late bloomers were and

they told their teachers who the late

bloomers were based on these test

results in reality the test was actually

fake and the researchers just randomly

chose some students as being the late

bloomers or the students that were going

to struggle but even though the test was

fake it had a huge effect on what the

teachers expected from the students and

how the students went on to perform the

teachers treated those fake late

bloomers differently and they also ended

up doing worse than the non-late

bloomers and so the idea here is that if

you have an external or an internal

label that you are bad at something or

you have low expectations that's

actually going to contribute to your

performance and this has been repeated

in a bunch of different ways and so

generally being a little bit more

optimistic in our thinking can help us

become luckier and more successful and

the fourth luck principle is that lucky

people are resilient and able to

transform their bad luck into good

fortune that I think is probably the

most important principle uh they're

extremely resilient so when bad things

happen they could bounce back now

obviously no one is lucky all the time

but what it seems that lucky people do

is that they tend to bounce back from

failure when we chatted in the podcast

Richard shared a story about a guy who

fell down the stairs and broke his leg

let's call this guy Mr Lucky and so

Richard said to Mr Lucky I bet you don't

consider yourself quite so lucky now but

to Richard's surprise Mr Lucky told him

that the last time he went into hospital

he fell in love with a nurse and now the

two of them are happily married 25 years

later he said that breaking his leg was

the single best thing that had ever

happened to him and so really it's this

idea that people who consider themselves

lucky tend to bounce back and be more

resilient when bad things happen in life

and there's a nice quote from Martin

Seligman who's the founder of the

positive psychology movement where he

wrote optimists endure the same storms

in life as pessimists but they weather

them better and emerge from them better

off okay so those were the four

principles that separate lucky people

from unlucky people let's now talk about

five evidence-based tips that Richard

shares in the book for how to

incorporate more luck into your own life

technique number one create a luck diary

so we saw that the first luck principle

is to create lucky opportunities for

yourself but to do this we need to get

better at noticing opportunities that

could generate positive experiences and

Open Door and this is what the idea of a

luck diary tries to do it's sort of

similar to a gratitude journal and how a

gratitude Journal focuses your mind on

the things that are good in the world

similarly a luck diary helps you notice

events when luck is on your side and if

you can incorporate that into your

journaling habit it helps you notice

more lucky opportunities in life so the

luck diary the end of each day you write

down a sense of gratitude you have for

your friends or health or career or

whatever gratitude intervention all the

best things happened in the last 24

hours or something negative that used to

happen that no longer happens okay

and what that means you start to build

up a written record and you do have to

write it if you just think it doesn't

work you start to build up a written

record of how lucky you are how

fortunate you are how good your life is

and let's start to then change people's

self-perception technique number two

build a network of luck now you've

probably heard the saying that to be

more successful it's not about what you

know it's about who you know and I've

never vibed with this because I always

felt a bit like networking a bit weird

but when it comes to luck like there's

just so much stuff in the book and so

much evidence around how the people that

actually maximize their Network

opportunities in a non-wead way like

those tend to be the luckier people for

example in my life so many things have

happened through just a random person I

met on Twitter or on the street who

recognized me or at a conference I went

to all of the good things in my life I

can kind of Trace back to a completely

serendipitous lucky encounter with a

random person by virtue of the fact that

I put myself out there and I did a thing

and I spoke to someone or reply to

someone's twitter DM or whatever that

might be and as I was rereading the book

this was one of the things that most

struck stuck with me because a lot of

lucky people tend to for example strike

up conversation with people in coffee

shops or in queues or whatever and I

tend not to do that like I kind of had a

phase where I used to do that back in

the day when I was actively trying to

work on becoming more confident and like

more assured but then I now kind of

stopped and I'm on my phone I'm always

listening to an audiobook and so as I

was reading this book I was thinking

damn I probably let so many interesting

opportunities pass by Me by a virtue of

just not striking up conversation and

not just doing my best to maintain my

network of friends and colleagues and

Associates and so that's like a real

practical tip that I'm taking away from

the book myself anyway in the book

Richard talks about two potential

exercises that you can do to help

increase your lucky Network the first

exercise is something called Connect

Four and basically the idea here is that

every week you make it a point your job

is going to be to speak to someone that

you don't know so it could be an

interaction in a shop or in a coffee

shop or on the road or in a bus or

whatever your job is every week to make

one of these new connections or at least

talk to someone and then the second

exercise which I'm going to try and do

myself is called the contact game where

again the challenge is that every week

your job is to make contact with someone

that you haven't been in touch with for

a while while so this could be sending

them a text or a voice note or just a

random phone call but basically the idea

is that by doing these exercises you're

kind of building and maintaining your

network of luck and then at some point

down the line good serendipitous things

lucky things will start to happen to you

technique number three become more

approachable now this is again something

interesting that he talks about in the

book the idea that when he was doing his

studies he and his research team they

could kind of tell at first glance who

who were the people that would consider

themselves lucky and who the people that

would consider themselves unlucky

because the lucky people just tended to

be more cheerful and open body language

and optimistic and just seemed to seem

to be happier broadly whereas The

Unlucky people tend to be more closed

off and a little bit more stressed and

anxious looking and the theory here is

that generally you know because lucky

events happen because we're exposed to

we bump into serendipitous interactions

with different kinds of people we are

far more likely to get lucky events

happening to us if we become the sorts

of people that are more approachable so

if our body language is friendly and

open and we're warm and we smile at

people rather than Scout and frown and

just sit on our phones whenever we're

out in public if you're the sort of

person who has warm and approachable

body language someone might come up and

talk to you or be more inclined to talk

to you and that's that's how lucky

events happen to us technique number

four set lucky goals now basically the

idea here is that when setting goals

setting goals is a good thing all the

evidence it shows it but when setting

goals you want to try and set goals that

are optimistic rather than pessimistic

like goals that are kind of assuming

that you're going to be luckier than

maybe you feel now the idea here is not

that you want to set totally unrealistic

goals but generally annoyingly all the

evidence kind of shows that when you set

an optimistic goal or when you set an

ambitious Target you're a more likely to

work towards hitting that Target and

you're more likely to actually achieve

that Target than if you set a more

conservative pessimistic one and there

is kind of a balance here like my my

issue with goals has always been that

like if you set an ambitious goal it's

very easy to tie your own personal

self-worth to the accomplishment of that

goal and so if you don't hit the goal

then it starts to feel really bad and

kind of what I've realized over time is

when it comes to setting goals it is

absolutely fine to set an ambitious

optimistic goal but at the same time

recognizing that a the journey is more

important than the destination in terms

of getting to the goal B enjoying the

journey is more important than like

reaching reaching the destination and

also trying to not like attach or be too

attached to the outcome so it's like

having a goal but being non-attached to

the outcome I think is how we get the

best of both worlds here and technique

number five is to look on the bright

side so if you ever struggle with things

in life then try and look out for the

Silver Lining and again there's so much

evidence about this like gratitude

journaling all this kind of stuff that

when you focus on the good things that

are happening even if something really

bad happens if you focus on the good

that came out of it and like the fact it

was a learning opportunity reframing

failure as learning for example that

then helps you bounce back from negative

events and become more resilient and

therefore kind of that's the trait that

these lucky people in all these studies

seem to have but if you didn't know I

actually have a series of exclusive

interviews that I did with authors

academics entrepreneurs and creators and

those are available on nebula now if you

don't know nebula is an independent

streaming platform that's built by me

and a bunch of other creators and the

nice thing about nebula is that it's not

trying to be a competitor to YouTube but

it's a place where we can put more

long-form more in-depth content without

having to necessarily worry about the

YouTube algorithm and so for example on

nebula I have these exclusive interviews

but you also get access to a bunch of

exclusive content from other creators

that you might be familiar with Thomas

Frank and Wendover Productions and legal

eagle and Lindsay Ellis and Tom Scott

and the best way to sign up for nebula

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all of these other really sick

interviews that I did over the last

couple of years anyway if you like this

video about how to make more luck in

your life then you might like this video

over here which is how to make more time

in your life this is my book club

episode of a fantastic book called make

time by Jake Knapp and John zaratsky and

that's a summary of the book over there

so thank you so much for watching and

I'll see you in the next video bye