MATERI UTBK SNBT PEMAHAMAN PENGETAHUAN UMUM - PEMBENTUKAN KATA

Summary

This educational video explains Indonesian word formation through affixation, aimed at UTBK exam preparation. The tutor introduces the concept of affixation (afiksasi), covering prefixes, suffixes, infixes, confixes, and affix combinations, with emphasis on those frequently tested. The lesson explores how affixes change word classes and meanings, such as indicating actions, possession, use, order, quantity, passive forms, agents, superlatives, unintentional actions, states, processes, places, excess, and benefactive actions. Clear examples and practice questions are provided to reinforce understanding, highlighting that different forms create different meanings. The session concludes with guided problem-solving to help students accurately interpret affixed words in context.

Takeaways

• 😀 Affixation is the process of adding affixes (prefixes, suffixes, etc.) to base words in the Indonesian language to form new words.
• 😀 The basic types of affixes include prefixes (e.g., 'me', 'ber', 'ke'), suffixes (e.g., 'an', 'i', 'kan'), infixes (e.g., 'l', 'm', 'r'), and combinations of these affixes (e.g., 'memperkan').
• 😀 Alomorphs are variations of affixes that change form based on the surrounding letters or context. For example, 'ber' can change to 'be', 'ber', or 'bel' depending on the base word.
• 😀 The prefix 'me' is commonly used to indicate performing an action (e.g., 'menulis' meaning 'to write').
• 😀 The prefix 'ber' can have various meanings: performing an action ('bermain' = 'to play'), possessing something ('bertekad' = 'determined'), or wearing something ('berkerudung' = 'wearing a veil').
• 😀 The prefix 'ke' can indicate order (e.g., 'kesatu' = 'first') or quantity (e.g., 'seekor' = 'one animal').
• 😀 The suffix 'an' can indicate a state or condition (e.g., 'kedamaian' = 'peaceful state').
• 😀 The combination of prefixes and suffixes (known as 'konfix') creates words with specific meanings, such as 'pengadilan' (court, a place for adjudicating).
• 😀 A combination of affixes like 'memperkan' or 'memper' can create words that indicate making something possible, such as 'memperbolehkan' (to allow).
• 😀 Understanding the meaning of each affix is essential to determining the correct use of words in context, as different affixes can change the meaning of a word significantly.

Q & A

What is the definition of affixation (pengimbuhan) in Bahasa Indonesia?

Affixation (pengimbuhan) is the process of adding affixes (prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc.) to a root word to form a new word with a different meaning or grammatical function.

What are the five types of affixes in Bahasa Indonesia?

The five types of affixes in Bahasa Indonesia are: prefixes (awalan), infixes (sisipan), suffixes (akhiran), confixes (gabungan awalan dan akhiran), and combinations of affixes (kombinasi afiks).

What is the role of alomorphs in Bahasa Indonesia affixation?

Alomorphs are variations of affixes that occur depending on the root word. For example, the prefix 'ber' can change to 'be', 'ber', or 'bel' depending on the word it attaches to, such as in 'berajar' (to study) or 'belajar' (to study).

What does the prefix 'me-' generally indicate in Bahasa Indonesia?

The prefix 'me-' generally indicates the action of performing a verb. For example, 'tulis' (to write) becomes 'menulis' (writing), which means to perform the act of writing.

What is the difference between 'kerudung' and 'berkerudung'?

'Kerudung' is a noun meaning 'a headscarf', while 'berkerudung' is a verb meaning 'to wear a headscarf'. The difference comes from the prefix 'ber-' that transforms the noun into a verb.

What is the function of the prefix 'ber-' in Bahasa Indonesia?

The prefix 'ber-' can have several meanings, including 'to have', 'to wear', 'to do', or indicating an activity or state. For example, 'bermain' means 'to play', 'bertekad' means 'to have determination', and 'berkerudung' means 'to wear a headscarf'.

What does the suffix '-kan' indicate in Bahasa Indonesia?

The suffix '-kan' generally indicates the act of making or causing something. For example, 'memperbolehkan' means 'to allow' or 'to make something permissible'.

What is a common characteristic of a confix (gabungan awalan dan akhiran)?

A confix is a combination of a prefix and a suffix that attaches to a root word. An example is 'peng-' and '-an', which together form 'pengajaran' (teaching), indicating the process or act of teaching.

How does the affix '-an' change the meaning of a word?

The affix '-an' can turn verbs or adjectives into nouns that often describe the result or state of the action. For example, 'hujan' (rain) is derived from the verb 'hujan' (to rain), and 'kedamaian' (peace) comes from 'damai' (peaceful).

How can affixes impact the meaning of a word in Bahasa Indonesia?

Affixes can drastically change the meaning of a word. For instance, adding the prefix 'ter-' can mean 'the most' (as in 'terbaik' meaning 'the best'), or it can indicate an involuntary action (as in 'terjatuh' meaning 'to fall unintentionally').