Lecture 7 Speech Purpose & Types of Speeches

Summary

This lecture delves into the three primary speech purposes: to inform, persuade, and mark special occasions. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the audience for effective informative speeches, which aim to increase knowledge. Persuasive speeches are highlighted as a means to change attitudes and behaviors, often starting with informing the audience about an issue. Special occasion speeches are portrayed as opportunities to entertain, celebrate, and inspire, with examples ranging from eulogies to political announcements. The lecture concludes with a call for mandatory informative and persuasive speeches and an optional special occasion speech, offering an extra credit opportunity based on the lecture's content.

Takeaways

• 🗣️ There are three general types of speech purposes: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.
• 🔍 Informative speeches aim to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience.
• 👥 Knowing your audience is crucial for crafting an effective informative speech.
• 📚 Informative speeches can cover topics such as people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.
• 💬 Persuasive speeches aim to change attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors, with the ultimate goal of changing behavior.
• 🧠 Persuasive speeches require changing the audience's way of thinking about a topic before behavior can be changed.
• ♻️ Persuasive speeches often include informative elements to provide context and understanding of the issue being addressed.
• 🎉 Special occasion speeches are designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda.
• 🏅 Examples of special occasion speeches include introductions, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.
• 📧 Extra credit opportunity: Identify the primary element in persuasive speaking that must occur before persuasion, based on the lecture.

Q & A

What are the three general types of speech purposes mentioned in the lecture?

The three general types of speech purposes are to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.

What is the primary goal of an informative speech?

The primary goal of an informative speech is to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting the audience with new information.

Why is it important to know the audience when preparing an informative speech?

Knowing the audience is important because it helps the speaker decide what information to present based on the audience's level of knowledge and experience.

What types of topics can be covered in an informative speech?

Topics for an informative speech can include people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.

What is the ultimate goal of a persuasive speech?

The ultimate goal of a persuasive speech is to change the audience's attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, or values, ultimately leading to a change in behavior.

How does a persuasive speech differ from an informative speech?

A persuasive speech aims to change attitudes and behaviors by informing the audience about an issue and then using arguments to persuade them, while an informative speech solely aims to provide new information.

What are some examples of persuasive speech topics?

Examples of persuasive speech topics include recycling, distracted driving, and any issue where the speaker aims to change the audience's behavior or beliefs.

What is the purpose of a special occasion speech?

The purpose of a special occasion speech is to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, or set a social agenda.

Can you provide examples of special occasion speeches?

Examples of special occasion speeches include introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.

What is required to receive extra credit for Lecture 6?

To receive extra credit for Lecture 6, students must email the answer to the question 'What is the primary element before persuasion that is involved in persuasive speaking?' based on the lecture. The email must be sent via Canvas inbox by Saturday, June 17th, 11:59 PM.

Outlines

00:00

🗣️ Types of Speech Purposes

The lecture introduces the three general purposes of speech: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion. The informative speech aims to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience. The speaker must consider the audience's level of expertise and awareness to tailor the speech appropriately. Examples of informative speeches include biographies of people or places, discussions on issues like climate change or poverty, historical events, concepts, processes, and objects like smartphones. The lecture emphasizes the importance of knowing the audience to effectively inform them.

05:02

📢 The Art of Persuasion

This section delves into persuasive speeches, which aim to change attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and values. The ultimate goal is to alter behavior by first influencing thought processes. The speaker must inform the audience about the issue at hand to raise awareness and understanding before making persuasive arguments. The lecture uses recycling as an example, illustrating how to encourage the audience to continue or start recycling by highlighting its importance. It also touches on the slightly informative nature of persuasive speeches, as they must first inform before they can persuade.

10:03

🎉 Special Occasion Speeches

The third type of speech is for special occasions, designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda. This includes introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, and after-dinner speeches. The lecture describes toasts as a long-standing tradition, especially at the White House Correspondence Dinner, where jokes are made about the celebrant. Eulogies are speeches given at funeral services to honor the deceased, while after-dinner speeches might occur post-events like engagement parties or award ceremonies. Presentation speeches, such as announcing a candidacy for office, also set a social agenda by outlining the candidate's platform and expected actions if elected.

15:06

📝 Course Requirements and Extra Credit

The lecture concludes with information about the course requirements, which include mandatory informative and persuasive speeches. Failure to complete these speeches results in an automatic failure of the class. Students have already completed a special occasion speech as a personal introduction and are expected to deliver at least one more. The lecturer offers an extra credit opportunity for students who answer a question based on the lecture's content. The question asks about the primary element involved in persuasive speaking before persuasion can occur, and students must submit their answers via the course's canvas inbox by a specified deadline.

20:07

⏰ Submission Deadline for Extra Credit

The final paragraph reiterates the extra credit opportunity and provides the submission deadline. Students must email their answers to a specific question related to the primary element of persuasive speaking by Saturday, June 17th, before the end of the day. The lecture ends with a reminder of the importance of meeting deadlines and participating in the course activities to secure extra credit and succeed in the class.

Keywords

💡Speech Purpose

Speech Purpose refers to the underlying intention or goal of a speech. In the video, it is identified as one of the three general types: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion. This concept is central to the video's theme, as it outlines the fundamental reasons why individuals address audiences, guiding the content and approach of the speech.

💡Informative Speech

An Informative Speech is designed to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge among the audience. The speaker's role is to present new information. In the video, examples include giving a biography of a person or place, discussing issues like climate change, or explaining a process or concept. The informative speech is integral to the lecture's exploration of speech types, illustrating the educational aspect of public speaking.

💡Persuasive Speech

A Persuasive Speech aims to change attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and values. The ultimate goal is to alter behavior by first influencing thought processes. The video uses the example of advocating for recycling, where the speaker must inform the audience about the issue before persuading them to adopt eco-friendly practices. This keyword is central to the discussion on how to influence and motivate audiences through speech.

💡Special Occasion Speech

Special Occasion Speeches are given to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, or set a social agenda. The video mentions various contexts such as introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, and acceptance speeches. This keyword is crucial to understanding the ceremonial and celebratory aspects of public speaking, which differ from informative and persuasive speeches.

💡Audience Awareness

Audience Awareness pertains to the speaker's understanding of the audience's knowledge level and interests. The video emphasizes the importance of knowing the audience to tailor the speech appropriately, whether they are beginners or experts. This concept is vital for effective communication, ensuring the speech resonates with the listeners.

💡Recycling

In the context of the video, Recycling serves as an example of a topic for a persuasive speech. The speaker must inform the audience about the importance and benefits of recycling before persuading them to adopt this behavior. This keyword exemplifies the dual nature of persuasive speeches, which are both informative and motivational.

💡Roast and Toast

Roast and Toast are traditions often associated with special occasion speeches. A Toast is a speech that celebrates an individual's achievements, while a Roast humorously teases the honoree. The video mentions these traditions as examples of how special occasion speeches can combine celebration with humor, as seen in events like the White House Correspondents' Dinner.

💡Eulogies

A Eulogy is a speech delivered at a funeral service to honor the deceased's life. The video describes eulogies as an aspect of special occasion speeches that are particularly poignant, aiming to provide closure and reflection on the person's life, often with the intention of bringing people closer to their faith or beliefs.

💡Acceptance Speech

An Acceptance Speech is given when an individual receives an award or recognition. The video notes that such speeches may be delivered by the recipient or a proxy if the recipient is unavailable. This keyword is relevant to the discussion on special occasion speeches, highlighting a common scenario where public acknowledgment is made.

💡Presentation

A Presentation, in the context of special occasion speeches, can be used to set a social or political agenda, such as when a candidate announces their intention to run for office. The video uses this as an example to illustrate how a speech can serve to inform the public about a speaker's intentions and platform, setting the stage for future discussions and actions.

Highlights

There are three general types of speech purposes: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.

Informative speeches aim to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience.

Understanding the audience is crucial for crafting an informative speech to match their level of expertise and awareness.

Types of informative speeches include biographies of people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.

Persuasive speeches aim to change attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and values with the ultimate goal of altering behavior.

Persuasive speeches are slightly informative as they must first present the issue and raise awareness before persuading.

Examples of persuasive speeches include advocating for recycling and raising awareness about the dangers of distracted driving.

Special occasion speeches are designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda.

Special occasion speeches include introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.

Roasts and toasts are traditional events where people celebrate someone's achievements while humorously making fun of them.

Eulogies are speeches given at funeral services to honor the deceased and provide closure for the attendees.

Acceptance speeches are given when someone receives an award, often expressing gratitude and sharing personal thoughts.

Presentations can set a social agenda, such as when a candidate announces their run for political office and outlines their platform.

Informative and persuasive speeches are mandatory for the class, with failure to complete them resulting in an automatic class failure.

Students have already completed a special occasion speech as part of their personal introduction.

There will be at least one more opportunity to give a special occasion speech, with details to be announced in the coming days.

An extra credit opportunity is offered for students who can correctly answer a question based on the lecture about the primary element before persuasion in persuasive speaking.

Transcripts

all right and we are back with lecture

six today we're talking about speech

purpose and types of speeches okay and

so there are considered to be three

General types of speech purposes and

that would be to inform to persuade and

to Mark a special occasion okay so to

inform to persuade and to Mark a special

occasion those are generally the three

reasons that we stand in front of an

audience these are the three reasons

that we tend to address an audience okay

so we're going to talk about these three

in this lecture seven video so I am

going to share the screen today

so let me get my shares screen

questions

okay

so we have again the three general

purposes for speech making inform

persuade and special occasion so as it

states here

informative speeches are designed to

increase understanding awareness and

knowledge

informative speeches are designed to

increase understanding awareness and

knowledge simply put your job

as an informative speaker is to present

the audience with new information

new information

okay this is important because this is

this goes back to understanding who's in

the audience remember we talked about

that already I think in lecture six and

you have to know who's in the audience

so that you can know and decide what the

information is that you need to bring

over to them yes that's why it's

important to know do you have beginners

a novice folk in the room do you have

experts experienced people do you have

people who are

excuse me

greatly aware or not really aware you

have to know who is in the audience so

that you can craft your speech

appropriately so remember the purpose to

inform a purpose of informing is

basically bottom line to provide new

information to your audience

the types of speeches that generally

fall under the informative speech would

include

speeches about people so given a

biography type of speech

speech is about places giving a

biography type speech on a place if you

will

excuse me

informing your audience about issues

bringing them awareness of an issue that

could be things like climate change

the stock market

investing things of that nature you

could even it could even be about issues

such as

poverty or food insecurity housing

insecurity all kinds of things but

remember at the end of the day your job

is to bring new information to increase

understanding and awareness it could be

a speech about an event that talks about

an event that occurred in history it

could be speech about a concept you want

to share with them some new ideas and

excuse me

processes and demonstrations so a speech

about a process would be a demonstration

a demonstrative speech and it would show

someone show the audience how to do a

thing how to do a process that could be

as simple as time one shoe or add how to

make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich

how to complete your financial aid form

for college

how to

um

set up your

fire stick any number of things and of

course we could also inform

excuse me

we could also inform people about

objects objects would be let's say a

speech about

um the smartphone or the speech about

the computer or the internet and how it

got its Origins and all those things

okay all right this is informative

speaking

excuse me I'm not sure what the yawning

is about really

so a speech to persuade

okay

speeches to persuade have the purpose of

changing attitudes beliefs behaviors

values ultimately the goal is to change

a behavior

but how do we change behaviors we have

to change the way someone thinks

believes feels or has an attitude around

the topic

okay

persuasive speaking ultimately wants to

change a behavior

and in order to do that you have to

change the attitude you have to change

the beliefs you have to change the

values you have to change how they think

about a topic

or how they think about something

relevant to the topic themselves their

relationships their Community Etc

excuse me

you guys uh

I had at least nine hours of sleep I

have no idea

and this is early it's early in the

daytime when I'm recording this it's not

even 11 o'clock in the morning so sorry

okay so a persuasive speech again is

meant to change behaviors in order to do

that you first have to change the way we

think the way we believe the way we feel

around the topic

so we are changing attitudes values

beliefs ultimately to change behaviors

so what does this deal with this deals

with things like

let's say recycling

you want to persuade your audience to

begin recycling to recycle now someone

in the audience may already do it so

your speech is going to have to show

them that what they're doing already is

the right thing and you're going to have

to do it in such a way that encourages

and encourages them to keep going keep

doing it and to keep telling others to

keep making a difference because it

matters for those of us in the room who

may not already recycle

okay

excuse me your job is to show us the

importance of recycling that means

pay attention that means that to some

degree

a persuasive speech is slightly what am

I going to say

if we were in the classroom together I

know many of you would yell it out

it persuasive speech is slightly

informative of course

a persuasive speech is slightly

informative

why because you have to inform the

audience of the issues you have to tell

us about the issue you have to tell us

about the damage that not recycling is

doing to ourselves to our communities to

the planet you have to tell us you have

to inform us about that make us aware of

that

increase our understanding of that

Give us new knowledge around that in

order to be able to change our beliefs

our values and most importantly our

behaviors

I hope that made sense to you

okay

so you may want to again persuade us to

recycle so we have to know and

understand what the issue is okay you

have to explain that to us you have to

inform us and then from there you have

to make arguments that will lead us into

changing our behaviors to begin to

separate out our trash and to recycle

thank you

I chose recycling as the example I could

have used any number of topics right I

could have said you want to persuade us

to

excuse me

stop being distracted drivers

I would inform the audience about uh the

dangers of distracted driving but then I

would inform you of the statistics yes I

would share with you the statistics of

how many people die or how many people

are harmed how many vehicles are damaged

because of accidents on the road that

are from distracted drivers I talk about

perhaps the increase of insurance rates

things like that and other things that

financially impact us negatively because

of how many accidents occur and then in

Sharing all this information and

informing you of all these uh pieces and

components I would then launch into my

persuasive methods to get you to agree

to be a more conscientious a more

involved a more

attentive driver does that make sense

okay I hope so all right we're going to

continue on here

all right next we have special occasions

speaking special occasion speaking of

course is designed to entertain to

celebrate commemorate Inspire and

sometimes even to set a social agenda

special occasion speaking is designed to

entertain to celebrate to commemorate to

inspire and sometimes to set a social

agenda

so speeches like this would include

introduction speeches where you

introduce yourself or maybe you

introduce someone else gross and toast

you may have heard of this they still

occur but they aren't as big as they

were in previous times the 60s 70s and

80s girls were very popular and this

would happen let's say a roast in a

toast where let's say someone had

reached a milestone in their career

and they are being celebrated and during

the course of the celebration well in

order to celebrate the person they have

a big dinner a banquet or something like

that for the person for the guest of

honor and in the process of having this

banquet that evening usually the closest

people to the celebrant of their

co-workers their family their loved ones

whomever they will come up and make a

toast to the settlement right a speech

that celebrates them in their

accomplishments but also in the process

of the toasting there's roasting and

roasting is really a way to make fun of

the celebrant

now

excuse me in my opinion sometimes I

think they go a little bit too far in

the roasting

but

it's it happens okay it happens and I

guess it's just generally regardless the

way things go and in fact I think it's

during the

um

the correspondence dinner at the White

House this is a long-standing tradition

long-standing I mean this was occurring

before your time before you were even

born this has been occurring probably

before your parents were even born where

the president would host the journalism

Corps the journalists who come to the

White House to report on you know the

White House news they would have

a banquet of roast if you will and

somebody would be roasted and the

president would even sometimes join in

on making the the jokes so again it's a

long-standing tradition in the U.S it's

not as popular today as it used to be

but it is a time where people are

expected and allowed to make crass jokes

about other people

it's just what it is eulogies

for those of you who may be unfamiliar

with the term a eulogy is the speech

that happens at a funeral service again

all cultures and all belief systems may

not have funerals as such so I don't

mean to be exclusionary

in that description

but here in the U.S like Frank uh quite

frequently in various Faith Traditions

when a person dies you have a time where

during that service family members

friends co-workers neighbors people who

knew the person well and who cared for

loved the person will get up and say

words about them and usually there is

one particular

uh Speech that's given usually by a

minister and that eulogy is to now

wrap up that person's life and then in

some religious Traditions to get people

to

confess or to draw them closer to the

god Concept in that particular religion

after dinner speeches again this kind of

relates back to the roast and toast

after a banquet or some other kind of

formal event

there may be an after dinner toast or an

after dinner speech this can happen in

things like

engagement after engagement parties

after

award ceremonies it can happen after a

retirement party things like that also

acceptance speeches if someone is being

presented with an award then usually

they give a speech sometimes they send

someone in their stead in their absence

to give a speech if they're unavailable

for whatever reason so acceptance

speeches and then also presentations

presentations are another type of

guys

so a presentation can be another type of

special occasion

speech and the one I can think of in

particular is when it talks about

setting

a social agenda

and this would fall what would fall

under this category in one

way is the uh Speech when a person

announces their candidacy for office in

this case I'm thinking president because

to me that's usually a bigger

announcement than let's say something

when someone does mayoral announcement

or uh gubernatorial announcement so when

let's say a man or woman announces their

candidacy for president of the United

States

there's usually an announcement in the

news to say hey breaking news someone's

going to be announcing that they're

running for president and in that

speech in that special occasion speech

not only are they saying that they are

now going to run for this job but in it

they briefly lay out

they briefly lay out what they expect to

do if they are elected what their

platform is what what points they're

running on

Etc so again it kind of sets an agenda

it sets the agenda of letting people

know that they are running and this is

information that they're going to be

running on for the points the social

issues the political issues ETC that are

going to be important to them that

they're going to highlight during their

run and if they are elected into that

office this is what they're going to

focus on once elected Okay so

this has been lecture seven regarding

speech purpose speech types I hope it

helps you get a better understanding of

the three General speech types now I

will tell you in this class we're going

to do all three informative and

persuasive are mandatory speeches that

are required and again if you refer back

to your syllabus you have to complete

your mandatory informative and

persuasive speech failure to do so will

result in automatic failure of this

class okay for the special occasion

speech you've already done one so far

right that was your personal

introduction and also you're going to do

at least one more two if we can kind of

eke it out

until we can eek it out but definitely

at least one more special occasional

speech and you'll be hearing about that

in the next coming days so here's

another opportunity for extra credit

okay is another opportunity for extra

credit if you would like to secure extra

credit after watching lecture six

you may

send to me by email the subject should

be extra credit lecture six in the

subject heading extra credit lecture six

and in it in your inbox canvas inbox you

guys do not email me you know

at hcca don't do that send me a message

via canvas inbox

and

your message should contain this

information so

extra credit lecture six

here's the question

when you are presenting a persuasive

speech

what is the primary element before

persuasion

that is involved in persuasive speaking

what is the primary thing that must

occur

in persuasive speaking before you are

able to persuade

before you are able to change attitudes

beliefs values and behaviors what must

you do first in persuasive speaking to

make all of those things possible

it is based on today's lecture I'm only

taking answers based on today's lecture

that's your extra credit for

uh lecture seven

and you should email that to me

be on or before

let's see what's today 11.

okay so I need to have that by Saturday

June 17th in order for you to receive

the credit okay you must inbox that to

me by Saturday June 17th end of day 11

59 pm to receive credit okay this has

been lecture seven see you soon bye