Garis Lintang dan Garis Bujur

Summary

This video explains the concepts of latitude and longitude, their role in dividing the Earth, and how they affect the climate and time zones. It covers important latitudes like the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, the Polar Circles, and the Polar Points. The script details how latitude influences climate zones, with tropical areas experiencing only summer and rainy seasons, and subtropical regions experiencing four distinct seasons. It also explains the significance of longitude in timekeeping, with a focus on the Prime Meridian in Greenwich, and the International Date Line. The video provides a comprehensive understanding of these geographical concepts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Latitude is a straight line that stretches across the Earth's surface in an east-west direction, dividing the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres.
• 😀 The equator, at latitude 0°, divides the Earth into two equal parts: the northern and southern hemispheres.
• 😀 Special latitudes, like 23.5° north (Tropic of Cancer) and 23.5° south (Tropic of Capricorn), mark the boundaries of the sun's apparent circulation.
• 😀 The polar circles are located at latitudes 66.5° north and 66.5° south, and the poles are at latitude 90°.
• 😀 Tropical areas, located between 23.5° north and 23.5° south, experience constant sun exposure, with only two seasons: summer and the rainy season.
• 😀 Subtropical regions, between 23.5° and 66.5° north and south, experience four seasons: winter, autumn, spring, and summer.
• 😀 At the poles, there is one full day and one full night every year, lasting six months each, and the sun never rises directly overhead.
• 😀 Longitude lines run from the North Pole to the South Pole, with all lines being of equal length, and they are used to determine time and date.
• 😀 The prime meridian, at 0° longitude, runs through Greenwich, England, and serves as the starting point for international time calculations (Greenwich Mean Time).
• 😀 Longitude lines east of Greenwich are called east longitude (0° to 180°), while those to the west are called west longitude (0° to 180°), meeting at the International Date Line.

Q & A

What is latitude and how does it divide the Earth?

Latitude is a straight line that stretches across the Earth's surface in an east-west direction. It divides the Earth into two parts: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

What is the significance of the 0° latitude line?

The 0° latitude line, also known as the Equator, divides the Earth into two equal halves, separating the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

What is the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn?

The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23 and a half degrees North latitude, and the Tropic of Capricorn is at 23 and a half degrees South latitude. These lines mark the boundaries of the Sun's apparent circulation.

What are the Polar Circles and why are they important?

The Polar Circles are located at 66 and a half degrees North and South latitude. They mark the areas where the Sun does not rise or set for extended periods during certain times of the year, such as the polar night and midnight sun.

What are the climate zones between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn?

The areas between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are called tropical zones. These regions experience sunlight all year, leading to only two seasons: summer and the rainy season.

What seasons do subtropical regions experience?

Subtropical regions, located between 23 and a half degrees and 66 and a half degrees North and South latitude, experience four seasons: winter, autumn, spring, and summer.

What happens at the North and South Poles regarding day and night?

At the North and South Poles, there is only one day and one night per year. Each lasts for approximately six months, with no sun directly overhead.

What is longitude and how does it function?

Longitude is a straight line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole. It is used to determine time and dates globally. All longitude lines are the same length.

What is the Prime Meridian and where is it located?

The Prime Meridian, located at 0° longitude, runs through Greenwich, England. It is the starting point for international time calculations, known as Greenwich Mean Time.

What is the International Date Line and where is it located?

The International Date Line is located at 180° longitude, where the 180° East and 180° West lines meet in the Pacific Ocean. It serves as the boundary where the calendar date changes.