ANG PANITIKANG PILIPINO - PART1

Summary

The video delves into the rich literary history of the Philippines, exploring its origins long before Spanish colonization. It highlights the creative legacy of early Filipinos, from their use of natural materials as writing tools to the development of a unique alphabet, Alibata. The Spanish influence reshaped Filipino literature, introducing Christian doctrine, European legends, and the Roman alphabet. The script also traces the evolution of Filipino writers and poets like Francisco Baltazar, Jose Rizal, and others during the struggle for independence, culminating in the fight for freedom from Spanish rule and the declaration of the Philippine Republic.

Takeaways

• 😀 Our ancestors had a rich literary tradition, including legends, folk tales, songs, proverbs, and riddles.
• 😀 Bamboo shoots, fruit shells, leaves, and tree bark were used as writing instruments by our ancestors.
• 😀 The ancient Filipino script, called Alibata, was similar to Polynesian scripts but was destroyed by the Spaniards.
• 😀 The Spanish burned native literature, viewing it as a barrier to the spread of Catholicism in the Philippines.
• 😀 The Roman alphabet replaced the Filipino script under Spanish rule, and Christianity became a dominant force.
• 😀 Early Filipino literature, including works like 'Nuestra Señora del Rosario' and 'The Passion,' emerged during Spanish colonialism.
• 😀 Prominent Filipino poets, such as Francisco Baltazar, contributed significantly to early literary works like 'Florante at Laura.'
• 😀 The execution of the three Filipino priests (Gomez, Burgos, Zamora) in 1872 sparked nationalistic sentiments in literature.
• 😀 The Propaganda Movement, led by figures like Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, called for reforms and Filipino rights.
• 😀 Key works by Jose Rizal, including 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' highlighted social injustices and sparked a call for change.
• 😀 Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, and Apolinario Mabini were crucial figures in the Philippine Revolution, with their writings promoting independence and resistance.

Q & A

What was the literary tradition of the ancestors of the Philippines before the arrival of the Spaniards?

Before the Spaniards arrived, the ancestors of the Philippines had a rich literary tradition that included legends, folk tales, folk songs, epics, and folk wisdom such as riddles and proverbs. They also utilized oral transmission to preserve their literature.

What materials did the early Filipinos use for writing?

The early Filipinos used bamboo shoots, fruit shells, leaves, and tree bark as writing instruments. For writing surfaces, they used sharp bamboo, wood, stones, and iron.

What was the script used by the early Filipinos, and how did it relate to other scripts?

The early Filipinos used a script called 'Alibata,' which is said to be similar to the Polynesian script.

Why did the Spanish burn the ancient literature of the Philippines?

The Spanish burned the ancient literature of the Philippines because they believed it was the work of the devil and feared it could hinder the spread of Catholicism throughout the archipelago.

How did Spanish rule impact Filipino literature?

Under Spanish rule, the first Filipino alphabet was replaced by the Roman alphabet. Spanish rule also promoted Catholic faith and brought European legends, which became part of Philippine literature. New forms of literature, including religious books and folk songs in various Filipino languages, emerged.

What was the role of Francisco Baltazar in Filipino literature?

Francisco Baltazar, known as the 'father of Balagtasan,' was an influential Filipino poet. Some of his famous works include 'Florante at Laura' and 'Ibong Adarna.' His contributions played a significant role in shaping Filipino literature during the Spanish colonial period.

Who were the key figures of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, and what were they advocating for?

The key figures of the Filipino Propaganda Movement were José Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena. They advocated for reforms such as equal treatment for Filipinos and Spaniards under the law, the Philippines being made a province of Spain, and freedom of speech, among other political and social reforms.

What was the significance of José Rizal's works in the context of Filipino nationalism?

José Rizal's works, such as 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' played a crucial role in awakening Filipino nationalism. His writings exposed the injustices of Spanish colonial rule and inspired the Filipinos to fight for their rights and freedom.

How did the Filipino revolutionaries respond to the Spanish government's neglect of their grievances?

The Filipino revolutionaries, led by figures such as Andrés Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, and Apolinario Mabini, rebelled against the Spanish government due to its indifference to the Filipinos' grievances. They fought for independence and aimed to end the oppressive Spanish rule.

What was the outcome of the Philippine Revolution against Spain?

The Philippine Revolution ultimately led to the victory of Filipino rebels over the Spanish forces. On June 12, 1898, the Philippine flag was raised, and General Emilio Aguinaldo was declared the first president of the Republic of the Philippines.