Munim Sirry - Sejarah Kanonisasi Al Quran (Utsman Sampai 1924 di Kairo). Quran Pernah Alami Editing

Summary

This video discusses the history of the Quran’s text and its unique canonization process. The speaker compares it to other religious texts like the Torah and the Bible, which took centuries to canonize. While the Quran's text is believed to have been standardized during Uthman bin Affan's time, the version we use today originated from a 1924 Cairo committee, aimed at unifying different versions. The speaker also touches on early debates about the Quran’s content, particularly during the reign of Abdul Malik bin Marwan, and reflects on the challenges of studying the Quran's historical formation without triggering controversy.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Quran’s canonization is often considered unique compared to other religious texts, which took centuries to formalize.
• 😀 Other religious texts, such as the Torah and the New Testament, took thousands of years to become standardized, while the Quran's formation process was different.
• 😀 The Quran we see today was standardized during the period of Caliph Uthman bin Affan, but the first published standardized version was produced in 1924 in Cairo, Egypt.
• 😀 The 1924 Quran publication in Cairo aimed to address the confusion caused by multiple Quran versions being used across different regions, including variations in recitations.
• 😀 The Egyptian government formed a committee to unify the Quran's version after students from different countries brought varying editions with them.
• 😀 The committee's work in 1924, despite opposition, led to the publication of a standardized Quran, which was later distributed worldwide with the support of Saudi Arabia.
• 😀 The Quran’s history of canonization is rooted in the gradual process of gathering, editing, and compiling texts, similar to how other religious texts were formalized.
• 😀 The process of editing the Quran continued even during the time of the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan, showing ongoing debates over which texts should be included or excluded.
• 😀 Early scholars had debates regarding the authenticity and correctness of Quranic texts, highlighting that the process was not fully settled during the initial period after the Quran’s revelation.
• 😀 The speaker clarifies that they are not criticizing the Quran itself but rather questioning the historical understanding of how it came to be in its present form, based on evidence from ancient texts.

Q & A

What is the unique aspect of the Quran’s history compared to other religious texts?

The Quran's history is considered unique because its canonization and preservation process were relatively quicker than other holy books. For example, the Torah and the Bible went through long processes of canonization, whereas the Quran was standardized relatively soon after its revelation.

How long did the canonization process take for the Torah and the Bible?

The canonization of the Torah and Bible took hundreds or even thousands of years. For example, the process for the Bible's canonization took over 200 years, starting around the 2nd century CE in Alexandria.

What was the role of Max Muller in the history of the Vedas?

Max Muller, a Western scholar, played a crucial role in collecting the Vedas, which had previously been passed down orally. His work in the 18th century helped form what is known today as the Hindu scriptures.

What major event in 1924 contributed to the standardization of the Quran?

In 1924, a committee established by the Egyptian government published a standardized version of the Quran. This version was later distributed worldwide, including to Indonesia, with financial support from Saudi Arabia.

Why was there a need for a standardized version of the Quran in 1924?

The need arose because students from various countries brought Qurans with different readings and versions. This led to confusion, and the Egyptian government aimed to unify the Quran’s text and reading across the world.

What role did the Egyptian government and Saudi Arabia play in the 1924 standardization of the Quran?

The Egyptian government, particularly through the Minister of Home Affairs, played a key role in forming the committee to standardize the Quran. Saudi Arabia supported the project financially, ensuring the Quran's distribution globally.

What is the significance of the term 'Roshan Osmani' on Quran manuscripts?

The term 'Roshan Osmani' refers to the type of script or manuscript believed to be based on the Uthmanic codex. It is commonly used in Quran copies to signify that the text originates from the early period of Islamic history, particularly the time of Caliph Uthman.

What is the historical context behind the editing of the Quran during the time of Abdul Malik bin Marwan?

During the time of Abdul Malik bin Marwan, the fifth caliph of the Umayyad dynasty, a committee was formed to edit the Quran. There were debates and disagreements about which parts should be included or removed, showing that the process of standardizing the Quran was ongoing.

Why is the process of editing the Quran considered controversial or sensitive?

The process is sensitive because the Quran is viewed as the unalterable word of God. Any discussion about its history, editing, or variations is often seen as tampering, which leads to heated debates within the Muslim community.

What is the significance of Ibn Abi Daud Al Sijistani’s work 'Kitab al Masahif'?

'Kitab al Masahif' by Ibn Abi Daud Al Sijistani is significant because it provides historical insights into the various manuscripts (mushafs) of the Quran. It highlights the debates and efforts to standardize the Quran during the early Islamic period, including the initiatives by Abdul Malik bin Marwan.