Demografia da Ásia - Brasil Escola

Summary

In this video, Professor Larissa Mesquita explores the demographics of Asia, the most populous continent, which accounted for 60% of the world’s population in 2017. She discusses factors such as high population growth, government policies like China’s one-child policy, and cultural influences on population control. The video also highlights Asia’s vast diversity, including religious practices such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam. Additionally, it covers urban vs. rural populations, quality of life indicators like HDI, and the impact of economic development and conflicts on population growth and quality of life across different Asian countries.

Takeaways

• 😀 Asia is the most populous continent, with 4.5 billion people in 2017, making up 60% of the world's population.
• 😀 China and India are the only two countries in the world with over 1 billion people, together accounting for 36% of the global population.
• 😀 The population density of Asia was 145 people per square kilometer in 2017, but this number varies significantly across regions.
• 😀 Coastal and riverbank areas in Asia have much higher population densities, reaching up to 500 people per square kilometer.
• 😀 Some areas in Asia, such as deserts and mountains, have very low population densities, with as few as 3 people per square kilometer.
• 😀 Population growth in Asia is generally high, with more developed countries experiencing slower growth compared to poorer nations.
• 😀 China implemented the one-child policy to control population growth, which lasted until 2015, after which families were allowed to have two children.
• 😀 India, with its 1.3 billion people, focuses on awareness campaigns and sexual education to manage population growth rather than strict policies.
• 😀 Cultural and religious factors significantly influence population growth and family planning policies across Asia, with some regions struggling to implement effective awareness campaigns due to religious opposition.
• 😀 Asia is home to three of the four major world religions: Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam, contributing to its diverse demographic makeup.
• 😀 Despite the global trend toward urbanization, many Asian countries, including Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Afghanistan, still have a predominantly rural population.
• 😀 Countries like Singapore and Qatar have 100% urban populations, while others, like Japan and Saudi Arabia, also feature high rates of urbanization.
• 😀 Quality of life in Asia varies widely, with industrialized and oil-exporting countries having higher HDI scores, while countries in conflict or poverty, like Afghanistan and Syria, tend to have lower HDIs.

Q & A

What is the population of Asia, and how does it compare to the rest of the world?

As of 2017, Asia's population was 4.5 billion, which accounts for 60% of the world's population. This makes Asia the most populous continent, with China and India alone comprising 36% of the global population.

What are the two most populous countries in Asia?

The two most populous countries in Asia are China, with 1.4 billion people, and India, with 1.3 billion people.

What is the population density of Asia as of 2017?

In 2017, Asia had a population density of 145 people per square kilometer. However, this figure is an average, and there are significant variations depending on the region.

Why is the population density of Asia not uniform?

Population density varies greatly across Asia, with high-density areas along riverbanks and coasts, where it can reach up to 500 people per square kilometer. On the other hand, deserts, mountains, and cold regions can have a much lower population density, sometimes as low as 3 people per square kilometer.

What was China's approach to population growth, and how has it changed?

China initially implemented a one-child policy to control population growth, which was in effect until 2015. In 2015, China relaxed this policy, allowing couples to have two children due to signs of an aging population.

How does India handle population growth compared to China?

Unlike China, India does not have strict population control policies. Instead, India focuses on awareness campaigns and sexual education to help people plan their family size, which has led to slower population growth, although it remains high.

How do cultural and religious factors influence population growth in Asia?

In many Asian countries, religious beliefs can impact the effectiveness of family planning policies and contraceptive use. In countries where religion plays a significant role, birth rates tend to be higher, and population control measures may face resistance.

Which two countries in Asia have the lowest population growth rates?

The two Asian countries with the lowest population growth rates are Russia and Japan, both of which have faced demographic challenges related to aging populations.

What is a key feature of Asia's demographic diversity?

Asia is characterized by a high degree of demographic diversity, with a wide range of languages, cultures, and religions. Key religions in Asia include Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam, which all have significant followings within the continent.

Is Asia predominantly rural or urban, and which countries are exceptions?

Asia is still predominantly rural, with many countries having more people living in the countryside than in cities. However, countries like Singapore and Qatar have 100% of their populations living in urban areas, and Israel, Japan, and Saudi Arabia also have high urbanization rates.

How does the Human Development Index (HDI) reflect the quality of life in Asia?

The HDI measures the quality of life in a country based on factors like economy, education, and healthcare. In Asia, countries with industrialized economies or those that export valuable resources like oil tend to have higher HDI scores, while poorer and conflict-ridden countries have lower HDI scores.