APRENDIZAGEM MOTORA

Summary

Professor Ricardo's lecture focuses on motor learning aspects for physical education teachers, a crucial topic for public service exams. He explains motor learning as cognitive processes leading to permanent skill improvement through practice and experience. The lecture highlights the individual-environment-task triad's importance and discusses factors influencing motor learning, such as age, physical capacity, and motivation. It also covers stages of motor learning, from novice to advanced, and classifies motor skills based on movement types and functions, emphasizing the need for understanding these concepts for exam success.

Takeaways

• 📚 The lecture focuses on the aspects of motor learning, a topic frequently found in public education teacher exams.
• 🧠 Motor learning is defined as a set of cognitive processes that result in a relatively permanent improvement in an individual's ability to perform a skill due to practice or experience.
• 🏋️ Practice and experience are key to gaining motor skills, as motor learning is internal and cognitive, leading to permanent improvements over time.
• 👤 The learning process and performance are influenced by the individual executing the action, the environment, and the task itself, forming the 'Triad of Individual, Environment, and Task'.
• 🔍 Age is a significant intervening factor in motor learning, with childhood being a crucial period for the development of various skills.
• 🧬 Physical capacity is another intervening factor, genetically defined, with individual variability and the potential to be achieved depending on the execution of stimuli.
• 💡 Information processing ability is crucial for motor learning, requiring the individual to select the best responses to proposed stimuli.
• 👀 Prior experience plays a role in motor learning, making it easier for individuals to perform a motor task if they have previous experience or familiarity with the skill.
• 🚀 Motivation is essential in motor learning, stimulating and creating expectations about the skill to be learned and mobilizing the individual for action.
• 🔄 Memory is vital for motor learning, as it retains previous experiences for later use, which is fundamental for the quality of movement.
• 📈 Learning stages in motor learning are important, with individuals progressing from beginner to intermediate to advanced stages, each with distinct characteristics.

Q & A

What is the main topic of Professor Ricardo's lecture?

The main topic of the lecture is aspects of motor learning, which is a recurrent theme in most public education competitions for the area of physical education.

According to Madil (2000), what is motor learning?

Motor learning, as defined by Madil (2000), is the learning that corresponds to a set of cognitive processes resulting in a relatively permanent improvement in an individual's ability to perform a skill due to practice or experience.

What are the two key points related to motor learning that should be noted?

The two key points to note about motor learning are the importance of practice and experience, as the acquisition of motor skills is highly related to these factors.

How is motor learning characterized in terms of permanence?

Motor learning is characterized by being a permanent improvement over time, not a transient one, and it is perfected through practice or experience.

What is the triad that is often required in public competition exams related to motor learning?

The triad often required in such exams is the individual, the environment, and the task, which are all directly related to and influence the process of motor learning and performance.

Why is age considered an intervening factor in motor learning?

Age is considered an intervening factor because childhood is a fundamental period for the development of various skills, especially perceptual motor skills.

What is the role of motivation in motor learning?

Motivation plays a role in stimulating and creating expectations about the skill to be learned, and it mobilizes the individual to perform the action, predisposing them to better success in the activity.

How does previous experience influence motor learning?

Previous experience facilitates motor learning as it provides the individual with a cognitive, sensory, and motor baggage that makes learning new skills more efficient and of higher quality.

What are the three stages of motor learning as described by Fitts and Posner in 1967?

The three stages of motor learning as described by Fitts and Posner are the cognitive phase, the associative phase, and the autonomous phase.

What are the characteristics of the cognitive phase in motor learning?

In the cognitive phase, learners have difficulties executing skills, focus on problem-solving, exhibit low consistency in movements, and make many errors. They also have difficulty identifying and correcting these errors.

How are motor skills classified according to their dimensions?

Motor skills are classified according to their dimensions into one-dimensional schemes, which include muscular, temporal, functional, and environmental aspects.

What are the four characteristics of motor skill performance that indicate learning has occurred?

The four characteristics indicating motor learning are improvement, consistency, persistence, and adaptability of the performance.