SINTESIS SENYAWA CALKON DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO BERPRINSIP PADA GREEN CHEMISTRY

Summary

This video showcases the synthesis of chalcone compounds using a CEO catalyst, following Green Chemistry principles. It begins with the preparation of the catalyst, followed by the careful weighing and mixing of reactants, 2-hydroxyacetophenone and salicylaldehyde. The process is monitored via Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) to track the reaction's progress. After forming a yellow solid, the product is purified using recrystallization and characterized through melting point analysis, with further validation through NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy to confirm purity. The approach emphasizes energy efficiency and waste minimization, aligning with Green Chemistry's sustainable practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 The synthesis of chalcone involves using CEO as a catalyst, following the principles of Green Chemistry.
• 😀 CEO is measured at 0.015 millimoles and heated in an oven at 110°C to remove any water present.
• 😀 After heating, the CEO is cooled in a desiccator with silica gel to prevent water absorption.
• 😀 The 2-hydroxyacetophenone precursor is measured at 0.01 millimoles and combined with salicylaldehyde.
• 😀 The mixture of 2-hydroxyacetophenone and salicylaldehyde is ground evenly in a mortar.
• 😀 The reaction results in a yellow solid, indicating the formation of chalcone.
• 😀 Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is performed using a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate to check the progress of the reaction.
• 😀 Precursor and product samples are spotted onto a TLC plate and developed to track their progress.
• 😀 After TLC, the product is isolated by adding cold water and adjusting the pH to 2-4 using HCl.
• 😀 The product is filtered and dried, followed by weighing and measuring its melting point to confirm purity.
• 😀 If the melting point range is too broad, recrystallization is performed using hot ethyl acetate to purify the chalcone.

Q & A

What is the primary catalyst used in the chalcone synthesis described in the script?

The primary catalyst used in the chalcone synthesis is CEO (Calcium Oxide), which acts as a catalyst in the reaction.

What is the purpose of heating the CEO in the oven at 110°C?

Heating the CEO at 110°C is done to evaporate any water that might be present in the catalyst.

Why is silica gel used in the process of drying CEO?

Silica gel is used to absorb any moisture and prevent water from reattaching to the CEO after it has been dried in the oven.

What is the role of 2-hydroxyacetophenone in the reaction?

2-hydroxyacetophenone acts as one of the reactants (precursors) in the synthesis of chalcone.

What is the purpose of grinding the reactants together in a mortar?

Grinding the reactants in a mortar helps ensure that they are mixed thoroughly and evenly, which is essential for the reaction to proceed properly.

What indicates that the reaction mixture has transformed during the process?

The mixture changes color to yellow and forms a solid, which indicates that the chalcone compound is forming.

What is the purpose of performing thin-layer chromatography (TLC) during the synthesis?

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is used to monitor the progress of the reaction, check whether the precursors have been fully converted into the chalcone product, and verify the purity of the product.

What solvent is used in the TLC process, and how is it prepared?

The solvent used in the TLC process is a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate (15:1 ratio). This solvent mixture is prepared and then introduced into a TLC chamber.

How is the pH of the mixture adjusted during the isolation of the chalcone product?

The pH of the mixture is adjusted by adding HCl (2M) drop by drop until the pH reaches between 2 and 4.

What is the final step to ensure the purity of the chalcone product?

The final step involves recrystallizing the chalcone product using hot ethyl acetate, followed by filtering, drying, and checking the melting point to confirm purity.