Apa itu backward design dalam merancang pembelajaran?

Summary

The video introduces the concept of backward design in education, a method that starts with defining the desired learning outcomes and assessments before planning the teaching strategies. Unlike the typical forward design process, which begins with the teaching methods, backward design focuses on achieving specific educational goals. Though not commonly used in Indonesia, this approach is gaining popularity, particularly in the U.S., for its effectiveness in aligning learning activities with clearly defined results, ensuring a more targeted and purposeful educational experience.

Takeaways

• 😀 Backward design is a process of designing educational strategies by starting with the desired outcome and working backwards.
• 😀 Unlike traditional methods, which focus on teaching processes first, backward design flips this approach by focusing on assessment and desired results before planning the learning activities.
• 😀 The approach emphasizes defining the final goal or outcome before deciding on teaching strategies or assessment methods.
• 😀 In Indonesia, educational design typically follows a forward design method, where learning activities are planned first, followed by assessments.
• 😀 The concept of backward design is not commonly practiced by educators in Indonesia, making it a less conventional approach.
• 😀 Backward design is becoming more popular in places like the US, where it's being implemented to improve teaching outcomes.
• 😀 The backward design method leads to more intentional teaching strategies that are closely aligned with desired learning outcomes.
• 😀 The focus of backward design is on understanding what students should ultimately be able to do or know at the end of the lesson or course.
• 😀 The key to backward design is the alignment of assessment with the expected outcomes of the learning process.
• 😀 The main goal of backward design is to create a more effective learning experience by focusing on results first, ensuring all educational activities and assessments are purposefully designed.

Q & A

What is backward design in education?

Backward design is an approach to designing educational experiences where the process begins with the end goal in mind. It starts by identifying the desired learning outcomes, then determining how to assess those outcomes, and finally planning the learning activities that will help students achieve them.

How does backward design differ from traditional forward design?

In traditional forward design, educators begin by deciding how to teach and what activities to use, then assess students along the way. In contrast, backward design starts with the end result or outcome and works backward, ensuring all activities and assessments align with those goals.

Why is backward design considered unconventional in Indonesia?

Backward design is not commonly practiced in Indonesia, where the traditional approach of forward design, which begins with teaching methods and progresses through assessments, is more widespread. This unconventional approach can be seen as a shift from the norm.

What are the three key steps in backward design?

The three key steps in backward design are: 1) Identifying the desired learning outcomes or goals. 2) Determining how to assess whether students have achieved those outcomes. 3) Planning the learning activities that will help students achieve the outcomes.

Why is it important to start with the end goal in backward design?

Starting with the end goal ensures that all educational activities are aligned with the intended outcomes. This makes the teaching process more focused and effective, as educators design activities and assessments that directly contribute to the desired results.

What is an example of an outcome-focused question in backward design?

An example of an outcome-focused question could be: 'What should students be able to demonstrate at the end of this lesson or unit?' This helps define the goal and guides the design of assessments and activities to support that outcome.

How does backward design help in creating a more structured curriculum?

By starting with clear, defined learning outcomes, backward design ensures that each step of the curriculum is intentional and directly tied to the desired goals. This structure helps teachers maintain focus and consistency across lessons and units.

How has the adoption of backward design evolved in the U.S.?

In the U.S., backward design was initially not as widely used, with forward design being the more common approach. However, over time, backward design has gained popularity due to its effectiveness in ensuring that teaching strategies align with specific learning goals and outcomes.

What might be a challenge in implementing backward design in education?

A challenge in implementing backward design can be the initial shift in mindset. Educators accustomed to forward design may find it difficult to start by defining outcomes first. Additionally, it can be challenging to accurately assess the desired outcomes and align them with appropriate activities.

Why is backward design gaining more attention now in educational systems?

Backward design is gaining more attention because it emphasizes clear goals and structured assessments, which are seen as more effective for ensuring student success. As education evolves globally, many educators are recognizing the value of starting with outcomes to guide the learning process.