SEJARAH KOTA JAKARTA | Cerita Sejarah DKI Jakarta | MeStory

Summary

Jakarta, once a small trading port known as Sunda Kelapa, became a significant hub for various nations due to its strategic location. The Portuguese initially sought control, but were driven out by the forces of Sultanate of Demak, led by the Islamic leader Fatahillah, in 1527, renaming it Jayakarta. Under Dutch rule, it became Batavia, serving as a key center for spice trade. After VOC's downfall, Japan took control, renaming it Jakarta in 1942. This rich history reflects Jakarta's transformation from a small port to a bustling metropolitan capital.

Takeaways

• 😀 Jakarta was once a small town named Kelapa or Sunda Kelapa, which later became a strategic center of trade for various nations in the archipelago.
• 😀 The Portuguese attempted to conquer Sunda Kelapa but faced resistance from the Sultanate of Demak, particularly through the leadership of the ulama Fatahillah.
• 😀 Fatahillah's victory over the Portuguese forces in 1527 led to the renaming of Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta, marking the city's founding date as June 22, 1527.
• 😀 Jakarta's role as a hub of trade and its strategic position attracted various foreign powers, including the Portuguese and later the Dutch.
• 😀 In the late 16th century, the Dutch began their colonization efforts in Jakarta, using advanced weaponry and the tactic of 'divide and conquer' to solidify their control.
• 😀 The Dutch colonial period significantly impacted Jakarta, and the city became the center of Dutch colonial administration in Indonesia.
• 😀 A significant figure in Jakarta's resistance to Dutch rule was Junaedi Al Batawi, an ulama who played a key role in opposing colonialism and influencing the Betawi people.
• 😀 The name of the city was officially changed from Jayakarta to Batavia by the Dutch on January 18, 1619, when the VOC (Dutch East India Company) took control.
• 😀 Batavia became the center of VOC operations, mainly focusing on the spice trade, but the company eventually went bankrupt and was dissolved in 1799.
• 😀 After the fall of the Dutch East India Company, Batavia came under Japanese occupation during World War II, and the name was changed to Jakarta, which remains the city’s name today.

Q & A

What was Jakarta originally called before it became a major city?

Jakarta was originally called Sunda Kelapa, a small port city that served as a strategic center for trade.

Why was Sunda Kelapa an important city for trade?

Sunda Kelapa's strategic location made it a central hub for trade between various nations in the Indonesian archipelago.

Who led the forces that drove the Portuguese out of Sunda Kelapa?

The forces were led by Fatahillah, a military commander from the Demak Sultanate.

What significant event took place on June 22, 1527 in the history of Jakarta?

On June 22, 1527, after defeating the Portuguese, Fatahillah renamed Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta, marking the founding of Jakarta.

How did the Portuguese try to expand their influence in the region?

The Portuguese aimed to dominate the region by controlling Sunda Kelapa, a key port city in the area, after conquering Malacca and Samudra Pasai.

What role did Fatahillah play in the defense of Sunda Kelapa?

Fatahillah, a prominent Islamic leader and military figure, led the forces of the Demak Sultanate in repelling the Portuguese invaders and securing the city.

How did the Dutch impact the city after their arrival?

The Dutch arrived in the late 16th century, using both military force and tactics of divide-and-conquer to solidify their control over the region.

What changes occurred in the city under Dutch rule?

The Dutch renamed Jayakarta to Batavia in 1619, transforming it into the center of the Dutch East India Company's operations, particularly for spice trade.

Who was Junaedi Al Batawi and why is he important in Jakarta's history?

Junaedi Al Batawi was an influential Islamic scholar and activist who played a significant role in resisting Dutch colonial rule, and his influence is linked to the emergence of the Betawi people.

When did Batavia officially become Jakarta and why?

Batavia officially became Jakarta in 1942, following the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and the subsequent fall of Dutch control.